Forensic Sci Med Pathol (2012) 8:148–156
DOI 10.1007/s12024-011-9279-9
REVIEW
Forensic odontology involvement in disaster victim identification
John William Berketa • Helen James •
Anthony W. Lake
Accepted: 25 August 2011 / Published online: 28 September 2011
Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011
Abstract Forensic odontology is one of three primary
identifiers designated by Interpol to identify victims of mass
casualty events. Forensic odontology is involved in all five
phases—Scene, Postmortem, Antemortem, Reconciliation
and Debrief. Forward planning, adequate funding, interna-
tional cooperation and standardization are essential to guar-
antee an effective response. A Standard Operation Procedure
should be utilized to maximize quality, facilitate occupation
and health issues, maintain security and form a structure to the
relief program. Issues that must be considered in the man-
agement of the forensic odontology component of disaster
victim identification are given in ‘‘Appendix 1’’. Each stage of
the disaster, from initial notification to debrief, is analyzed and
a comprehensive checklist of actions suggested.
Keywords Forensic odontology
Disaster victim
identification
Disaster management
Checklist
Introduction
In 1897, at a Charity Bazaar for the wealthy society of
Paris, an explosion occurred in a gas lamp of a cinemato-
graph. The resultant panic and fire caused 126 deaths, with
all but 30 bodies identified visually. The Paraguayan
Consul at that time suggested that dental matching might
be useful and consequently most of the remaining bodies
were identified by dental comparison. Reports about this
incident later became a main component of the thesis of Dr.
Oscar Amoedo (1863–1945) [1].
J. W. Berketa (&)
H. James
A. W. Lake
Forensic Odontology Unit, University of Adelaide, Adelaide,
SA 5005, Australia
e-mail: johnberketa@hotmail.com
123
From that time, forensic odontology has been a major
contributor to the identification of victims in disasters.
Today forensic odontology is considered to be a special-
ized and reliable method of identification of the deceased,
particularly in multiple fatality incidents [2]. Recent events
include the Lockerbie air disaster of 1988, where 209 of the
270 victims were identified with the aid of forensic odon-
tology [3], and the 2001 World Trade Center disaster,
where at least 501 victims were identified by dental com-
parison [4]. After the Bali bombings in 2002, more than
60% of victims of all nationalities were identified using
dental evidence [5]. In Thailand, following the Boxing Day
Tsunami of 2004, of the first 1,474 deceased identified,
dental comparison was the primary identifier in 79% of
cases and a contributor in another 8% [6]. In the 2009
Victorian bushfire disaster there were 173 deaths with the
majority of the victims identified by dental comparison [7].
Forensic odontology is one of three primary identifiers
designated by Interpol to identify victims of mass casualty
events [8]. As dental structures are the most durable of human
tissue [9], the utilization of odontology continues to provide
evidence of identification of victims subjected to the extremes
of heat, trauma or decomposition [10, 11]. Even when victims
are not severely compromised, forensic odontology proves to
be rapid and cost effective relative to DNA analysis.
The Interpol DVI Standing Committee recommends that
forward planning, adequate funding, international cooper-
ation and standardization is essential to guarantee an
effective response [12]. However, every multiple fatality
incident response has its own idiosyncrasies that will
require both flexibility and advance planning [13].
Throughout the world, local regions may have developed
their own forensic identification response teams in addition
to federal authorities such as the Australian Federal Police
in Australia and the Department of Health and Human
Forensic Sci Med Pathol (2012) 8:148–156 149

Services Disaster Mortuary Operational Response team medical radiographs and boxed exhibits for dental casts and
(DMORT) in the United States. Some private companies, appliances [13]. One of the key points in the SOP would be
like Kenyon International Emergency Services, Inc., also that for any data entry odontologists should work in pairs,
offer the services of a mortuary response [6]. DVI teams emphasizing accuracy, detail, standardization, completeness
should respect the host country’s customs and perform their and clarity and must sign off all these entries. The previous
duties within the guidelines of that country with profes- experience of odontologists involved in DVI responses is
sionalism and dignity toward the bodies. If possible, local critical as deploying inexperienced personnel to DVI situa-
disasters are best handled by locally-based professionals, as tions is no longer considered appropriate [17]. However, DVI
they are the ones who understand the local issues. missions provide excellent teaching opportunities and inter-
Dental teams are utilized in collecting and systemati- national agencies have a responsibility to teach less experi-
cally recording both antemortem and postmortem data, as enced colleagues and local staff during deployment [18]. The
well as comparing the data and reporting the evidence. less experienced odontologist must be paired with an experi-
They are therefore involved in all five phases––Scene, enced odontologist to limit error. To minimize bias no odon-
Postmortem, Antemortem, Reconciliation and Debrief. To tologist should peer review their own data nor be involved in
maintain quality control, each phase should have a dental reconciliation if they have had an input at an earlier stage.
team leader who manages the daily activities of the phase
and reports to the odontology coordinator. The odontology
Scene
coordinator oversees all odontology aspects and reports to
the DVI Commander.
At the scene of a disaster, the deceased victims and body
One of the recurring problems in DVI incidents is the
parts are located, documented and imaged before retrieval,
potential for misidentification, because of the failure to
together with evidence collected which might assist in the
establish clear practice guidelines and lines of authority at
identification of those victims. The scene retrieval teams are
the earliest possible opportunity, inadequate or idiosyn-
usually police officers trained in specific DVI protocols [7].
cratic initial examinations, failure to follow protocols, and
In environments of severe incineration or trauma, it is wise
failure to ensure adequate quality assurance reviews [14].
that odontologists attend with the retrieval teams to maxi-
A Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) should be utilized
mize, document and protect the evidence. Before entering
to maximize quality, facilitate occupation and health
the disaster area, odontologists must be equipped with
issues, maintain security, and form a structure to the relief
appropriate safety equipment (helmets, overalls, boots,
program. Every participant should have read and under-
rubber gloves, etc.) and follow guidelines set out by the
stood the SOP before deployment as political, jurisdic-
local scene commander [8]. Dental remains subjected to
tional, and sometimes legal issues may arise [13]. After the
incineration are often reduced to friable or fragile compo-
first week in South West Thailand in 2005 following the
nents. Protecting fragile remains at the scene and during
Tsunami disaster there were already 26 different nation’s
transportation to the mortuary is critical as destruction will
disaster personnel busy working in several sites [15]. It
result in difficulty obtaining postmortem evidence and lead
would be hard to imagine that all participants were coor-
to problems during the reconciliation (formal identification)
dinated in the most efficient way. The SOP should be
phase of the investigation [19]. A high resolution portrait
formulated to pay particular note of working environmental
image of the head and surrounding area taken before the
conditions and sources of stress, given the nature of the
body is moved may also prove extremely useful for com-
work. Adequate time must be provided for rest and recu-
parative analysis with antemortem photographs and dental
peration and working days should not be prolonged, despite
data, as well as assisting in assessment if material has been
the enormity of the task at hand and the sometimes intense
lost in transfer. A camera equipped with virtual point GPS
pressures for speedy results that are applied by families,
tracking may be advantageous. Odontologists would also be
media, and authorities [16].
able to expertly identify dental structures such as implants,
The SOP would outline any computer software program to
dental appliances, restorations and individual tooth parts
be utilized, with a glossary of terms and abbreviations
that might have been dislodged from the deceased. Ensuring
accepted for data entry. If paper files are to be produced,
that all dental evidence is recorded, collected and protected
transparent zip-lock bags can be used to hold files for each
should reduce the number of revisits to the scene [13, 19].
antemortem and postmortem case, and only one file should be
open per operator at any given time. Control of file movement
among the antemortem, postmortem, and reconciliation sec- Postmortem
tions, and between personnel, is best managed by bar-coding
to allow easy tracking and accountability. Exhibit storage The aim of the postmortem phase is the collection of
areas must also be pre-planned for oversized exhibits, such as objective, maximized, retrievable and quality controlled

123
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dental data and images for utilization in the reconciliation
phase. The postmortem examination should be undertaken
at a secure mortuary site and the remains examined by two
forensic dentists to document and confirm the findings.
Photographs and full mouth radiographs are usually taken
[20]. A designated area for odontology examinations
should be allocated. If computer technology is to be used a
clean area is required for data entry and uploading images.
Postmortem data can be directly entered into available
computer software such as DVI System InternationalÒ
(Plassdata, Holbaek, Denmark) [21, 22] or similar software
TM
such as WinID [23] or NCIC [24]. This may save con-
siderable time, duplication of effort and reduce the risk of
transposition error, but must be balanced against the
potential conflict of use, and decreased efficiency of using
a search engine [25]. The terminology and glossary of
terms should be strictly adhered to from the SOP to min-
imize misinterpretation and error. All imaging, including
dental radiography, should ideally be in digital format so
specific protocols regarding chain of evidence and data
storage requirements are met [20]. Digital radiographs
would exclude the errors that could occur in chemical
developing, fixing, improper mounting and scanning. Por-
table, hand-held, lightweight, battery-powered X-ray
machines such as the Nomad (Aribex, East Orem, USA) is
useful in the mortuary for dental radiographs [13]. This
avoids a large number of operational problems associated
with a mains type of irradiating device, which is heavy and
awkward in a wet and dirty environment. Proper radiation
hygiene standards, however, must be documented in the
SOP and followed in practice.
The equipment for examination should include dental
mirrors, probes, cheek retractors for dentition photography,
toothbrushes and alcohol for debris removal, spreaders, and
tweezers. All examination instruments must be sterilized
after use or safely discarded to minimize the potential for
DNA cross-contamination. Handles of operating lights
should be barrier covered and the lights themselves ceiling-
suspended to avoid contamination and clutter.
Odontologists examining the deceased should be aware
that sensitivity is needed for different national, cultural and
ethical issues, with any dissection being performed only
when necessary using predetermined SOPs. Any dental
structures that are removed must be labelled, photographed
and returned to the body immediately [26].
Following the visual, photographic and radiographic
examinations all data from the deceased should be collated,
including integration of information documented during
the scene phase, and reviewed with an age estimation
recorded if possible. The examination should be signed and
a running sheet (journal) entry added. Dental revisits at the
postmortem phase should be only to match putative ante-
mortem radiographic or photographic angulations, or to
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Forensic Sci Med Pathol (2012) 8:148–156
harvest a DNA sample by tooth extraction. All other data
should be recorded at the first examination.
Standards of procedure for staff rosters, and adherence
to them by postmortem teams, is essential as mental and
physical stress can jeopardize the quality of data obtained.
Antemortem
The aim of the antemortem phase is the maximization of
retrievable and quality controlled objective dental data,
including images, of a suspected disaster victim, and col-
lation of that data in a standardized format for use in the
reconciliation phase.
The collection of dental data is undertaken by the police
via investigators and counselors who interview surviving
family members. Data on physical appearance and property
is collated, together with photographs, DNA and fingerprint
samples, and information regarding each missing person’s
dentists and dental appliances [26]. It has been reported
that police teams are not always aware of where dental and
medical records could be located and what other data may
assist in collating dental evidence [25]. As well as the
written original dental records, any existing radiographs,
referrals, accounts, stone models and photographs need to
be collected from the dentist. The name of the dental health
insurer of the missing person and their insurance number is
important, as are items from their home including mouth-
guards, toothbrushes, dentures, nightguards, splints and
orthodontic appliances. These items can be an excellent
source of DNA and recent photographs could be utilized in
superimposition or facial comparison. Information in the
primary dental records from the general dental practitioner
can lead to further information from dental specialists and
medical or allied health practitioners. As antemortem
dental data may come from several different sources this
data should not be indiscriminately thrown together, since
information from a particular origin may need to be vali-
dated. [13]. It is important that the antemortem dental team
members liaise with the police investigators to maximize
the data collection.
Odontologists working in pairs should carefully docu-
ment all antemortem dental information, taking particular
care in relation to the dates the information was charted. The
dental teams interpret and transcribe the records onto a
yellow Interpol form, using FDI notation, if utilizing the
DVI System InternationalÒ [21] or the Universal notation if
using the WINID software [27, 28]. Standardization of data
transcription is essential for consistency. Unfortunately,
many dentists’ records are of poor quality due to poor
handwriting, abbreviations and nomenclature discrepancies
[10]. Contacting the original dentist to clarify the details is
sometimes helpful. As there are various charting systems
Forensic Sci Med Pathol (2012) 8:148–156
around the world it is important to be familiar with these
systems as antemortem data may be provided from coun-
tries with different nomenclatures. As accuracy is para-
mount, discrepancies should be discussed and if there is
doubt the matter should be referred to the antemortem team
leader for adjudication.
Care must be taken in the interpretation of radiographs.
Antemortem intraoral radiographs may be either incor-
rectly mounted (e.g. one or more films mounted back-to-
front) or mislabeled (e.g. label mounted on back of film)
[20]. Digitized images may have been photographed or
scanned incorrectly, leading to reversed image data [29].
When all the data is transcribed quality control protocols
need to be in place for an independent assessor to check
that all data input processes have been completed. As
previously mentioned with postmortem rostering, protocols
are required to maintain minimal physical and mental stress
to avoid jeopardizing the quality of data obtained.
Reconciliation
The aim of odontologists in the reconciliation phase is to
compare postmortem findings with antemortem informa-
tion objectively, form a report on likely matches, and
present these findings to a Reconciliation Board.
The software DVI System InternationalÒ is particularly
useful as a tool to compare a large number of records
across a number of DVI specialist data boundaries. How-
ever, a final decision on any dental comparison should be
made by a team of at least two odontologists rather than a
computer. During a dental comparison minor discrepancies
are commonly found between the antemortem and post-
mortem findings and these discrepancies need to be
explainable [26]. Objective evidence of a match occurs
most often using radiographic comparison or anatomical
concordance between postmortem and antemortem dental
casts. Radiographs may allow various restorative and
anatomical concordant points to be identified. The number
of concordant points is not as important as the quality of
those features, which can be highly individualistic. If
available restorative dental data are limited either due to
lack of treatment or lack of recorded information, the use
of photo comparison can assist the Reconciliation Board by
adding some weight to the other evidence. However,
identification based solely on photographs is notoriously
unreliable and should be avoided [8]. Superimposition of
dental structures using computer software such as AdobeÒ
PhotoshopÒ has been used to assist identification or as a
filter by exclusion [30] but validation studies are still
lacking in this area. Similarly, age estimation may assist
in reducing the list of possible matches to acceptable
151
manageable groups. Radiographs of bony shapes and
sinuses may also contribute to the comparison. Dental
implants, although mass produced, may hint at where the
victim lived if no antemortem information is available,
especially if a batch number [31–33] is present.
A positive comparison report presented to a Reconcili-
ation Board needs a format that is clear, unbiased, stan-
dardized and impartial and should present, including any
limitations, the evidence for the conclusions reached. It
must be in commonly used lay terms, without technical
jargon. The use of a standardized PowerpointÒ (Microsoft)
template presentation can be a useful means of achieving
this outcome.
Once presented the data and reports require suitable
indexed archiving in a secure, safe, retrievable storage centre.
Debrief
The aim of the debrief stage is to review all aspects of the
DVI so that lessons may be learnt to improve protocols for
future events. Reports from all phases of the odontology
section should be presented by the various team leaders to
the odontology coordinator. This should include matters
relating to staff rosters, Occupational Health Safety and
Welfare matters, case flow management, security, reporting
practices, areas of concern to individuals, quality assurance
and quality control aspects, referencing methodology and
future training needs.
Issues that must be considered in the management of the
forensic odontology component of disaster victim identi-
fication are given in ‘‘Appendix 1’’. Each stage of the
disaster, from initial notification to debrief, is analyzed and
a comprehensive checklist of actions suggested. A freeware
module management program, DVI Records Register,
covers many aspects of DVI quality management and is
freely available if requested [34].
In any mass fatality incident involving large numbers of
individuals there will be tremendous challenges faced by
the forensic odontologist. Mental and physical stress may
lead to errors being made. In the past a large amount of
time has been spent in examining and sampling bodies and
parts that may have been examined multiple times––a very
time-consuming and costly process. It has been suggested
by Byard and Winskog that a way to highlight the effec-
tiveness of a DVI exercise would be to focus on the number
of cases/specimens that had to be re-examined to correct
failures in procedures. [35]. Effectively enforced Standard
Operating Procedures, forward planning, adequate funding,
international cooperation, and standardization, are essential
to guarantee an effective response to any DVI incident.
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Key points
1. Forensic odontology is one of three primary identifiers
designated by Interpol to identify victims of mass
casualty events.
2. Forensic odontology is involved in all five phases––
Scene, Postmortem, Antemortem, Reconciliation and
Debrief.
3. Forward planning, adequate funding, international
cooperation and standardization are essential to guar-
antee an effective response.
4. A Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) should be
utilized to maximize quality, facilitate occupation and
health issues, maintain security and form a structure to
the relief program.
Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict
of interest.
Appendix 1: Odontology checklist
Notification of the forensic odontology coordinator by DVI
commander
h What type of disaster has occurred?
h Are odontology services needed?
h Identify DVI protocols operating for dental involvement
h Obtain DVI management personnel details (names, contacts,
roles)
h Approximate estimate of odontology personnel required and
sourcing
h Identify odontology working location/s––scene/AM/PM/Recon
and OWHS status
h Initial assessment of required equipment and materials-
availability and sourcing
h Initiate staff contract details- accommodation, travel, meals,
roster periods, accreditation requirements, security, remuneration
h Arrange odontology DVI work place inspections prior the
odontology Team Leaders meeting
h Notify Team Leaders of the DVI situation
h Inform odontology members (by email and phone) of possible
involvement. Request possible availability and prepare for a
management meeting.
h If needed, advise the National Forensic Odontology Society of the
situation regarding possible assistance
h Discusses employment contract protocol for odontology staff with
Team Leaders based on initial DVI commander-odontology
coordinator discussions
Odontology coordinator meeting with odontology team leaders
Location
h Each module’s site
Staffing
h Modules’ staffing requirements and availability (rosters, external
personnel)
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h External personnel requirements and arrangements
(accommodation, travel, salary, accreditation, meals, priorities,
special areas of expertise)
Supplies
h Equipment (general)––computer networking, program/s to use
h Equipment specific to each Phase
h Materials to order for odontology (ready for allocation to
modules)
Protocols
h General DVI protocols
h Internal odontology protocols––overall, individual modules
h Coordination with DVI areas outside odontology
h Coordination between odontology modules
h Letterhead format and usage
h Periodic leader meetings––format and frequency
h Security and media contact
Meeting of odontology team leaders and phase coordinators
h Scene dental team leader and DVI scene coordinator
o Briefing : location, identified hazards, victim transportation,
procedure for attendance
h Postmortem dental team leader coordinator and postmortem DVI
coordinator
o Postmortem records management protocol––paperwork to and
from mortuary
o Computer data entry and image management protocols
o Memo requirements to and from postmortem coordinator
h Antemortem dental team leader and antemortem DVI coordinator
o Antemortem data collection protocol––local, interstate, abroad;
from dentists and non dentists e.g. health insurance funds
o Memo requirements to and from antemortem coordinator for
assistance
h Reconciliation dental team leader and reconciliation DVI
coordinator
o Define reconciliation records management protocol––to and
from records storage
o Memo requirements to and from reconciliation coordinator
o Reconciliation protocol for identifications
Meeting of odontology module members
h General briefing
h Chain of command
h Security and media and external contact protocols
h Arrange roster details and workstation allocations
h Notice board
h Incidents to be reported to the module team leader and recorded,
including data collection, data input, OHS&W, security and other
Quality Assurance matters
h Define feedback on problem solving and reporting
h Mandatory all members work in pairs AT ALL TIMES
h Set up of work areas
h Orientation of new staff on arrival
Module set up at DVI locations
Scene module
h Organise backpacks with water, sunscreen, personal protective
equipment (PPE), Scene log book, running sheets, 4-colour pens,
camera
h Organise Nomad, X-ray film or digital capture device
Forensic Sci Med Pathol (2012) 8:148–156 153

h Organise stabilizing material e.g. superglue, bubble wrap, head h Discuss need for further debrief later and availability of services if
and hand bags, containers for tooth/jaw parts required re OHS&W
Postmortem module h Arrange protocol for the return of file register (antemortem and
h Set up dental team leader desk (with computer, MS Office, reconciliation), security passes, computer access and any other
database and CDR program, internet, x-ray program, virus and items
security programs and printer) Odontology coordinator initial checklist
h Set up storage for disposables––glasses, towels, gloves, masks, General h Command structure
x-ray solutions, stationary, forms
h General DVI protocol
h Set up area for storage of equipment with security lock
h Odontology standard operating procedures
h Set up ‘‘clean area’’ bench requirements (Nomad/other x-ray
machine, Interpol F1, F2 pink forms, Postmortem log, running h Data entry standardization (DVI sys codes)
sheets, 4-colour pens, camera, writing area, operating area h Staff DVI codes
computer Working h Work area and furniture,
h Set up ‘‘dirty area’’ for instruments and instrument cleaning environment h Equipment and consumables,
solutions
h Location of central DVI files
h Set up examination area and suitable lighting
h Services available and reliability
h Set up x-ray exposure and development areas
File h Paper format and data collection protocol
h Set up a noticeboard management h Security––area/data/files
h Establish area security
h Data flow
h Set up dress and wash areas and secure clothing storage
h Data (originals, materials) access
Antemortem module
h Running sheets and format
h Set up dental team leader desk and chair with phone and computer
h File format-interpol, originals
(MS Office, database, CDR, internet, Photoshop, Adobe Acrobat
Reader, virus and security programs) h Computer software and standardization
of codes
h Set up desks and chairs (2 odontologists per desk) with computers
(network, MS Office, Photoshop, Adobe Acrobat reader, data h Update protocol across DVI
programs, security and virus programs). h Data processing defined steps––standardized
h Set up Phone team tables with phone, computer (network, MS Staff h Meeting, identification passes, confidentiality
Office, Adobe Acrobat reader, data programs, security and virus agreements—
programs) h Training (computer software, methodology
h Set up cupboards, printer, photocopier, document shredder employed), orientation and accreditation level
h Supply 1x ‘‘In’’, 1x ‘‘Active’’, 1x ‘‘Out’’ tray per work area. (Two required
odontologists to work together on each case data collation and h Odontology module protocol instruction
input and 1 on phone calls, ancillary duties and Quality Control) h Registration (dental board, radiation licence,
h Provide a notice board indemnity insurance)
h Establish area security h Time sheets and location
Reconciliation module h Roster structure- rotation, daily
h Set up team leader desk with phone and computer (network, MS h OHSW protocol
Office, database and CDR program, internet, Photoshop, virus and h Off-roster socializing
security programs)
h Pairing
h Set up desks (2 odontologists per desk) with computers (network,
MS Office, Photoshop, Adobe Acrobat reader, data programs, Reporting h Daily reporting requirement––to whom/meeting
security and virus programs) and reporting format
h 1x ‘‘In’’, 1x ‘‘Active ‘‘and 1x ‘‘Out’’ trays per work station h OHSW
h Stationary cupboard h Quality control protocols––audits,
feedback
h Photocopier, shredder, phone
h End of rotation––staff/team leader change
h Set up records security filing cabinet over protocol and reporting
h Provide a notice board h Progress reports––to staff re DVI progress,
h Establish area security to DVI commander re odontology progress
Staff management h Breakdown in process reporting protocol
h Arrange security passes and computer access h Available staff facilities
h Orientation and training (Nomad/database/protocol) h Changing staff duties/duty relocation e.g
h Record personnel details AM/PM [ Search, comparison [ Recon
h Check all files allocated are transferred h Quality control––current staff experience and
training and standardization (level of
h Transfer unfinished actions
supervision)
h Discuss any problems during rostered period of note

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Disaster name: DVI commander: Phase coordinators:

Date: Name: Scene Name Contact
Disaster location: Contact details:
Post Mortem

Ante Mortem

Reconciliation

h Access requirements
h OHS&W
h Staff facilities
h Communications
h Records management system s
h Standard operating procedures
Scene review
Postmortem review
Antemortem review
Accommodation
Transport
Meals
Power/drinking water/shower and toilet
Laundry
Psychological counselling
Roster duration requirements
Internal/external, internet/SKYPE
h OH&S status
h Current management status
h Current odontology involvement and protocols in place
h Assessed extra odontology requirements
h Odontology staff required to meet site needs
h Odontology based equipment and materials needed Immediate and lower priority
h Time-lines involved
h OH&S status
h Current management status
h Current odontology involvement and protocols in place
h Assessed extra odontology requirements Immediate and lower priority
h Odontology staff required to meet site needs Immediate and long term
h Odontology based equipment and materials needed Immediate and lower priority
Power/lights/water/communications reliability
General mortuary furniture
Examination instruments
X-ray facilities
Sterilization and cleaning facilities
Clean area office (QC) furniture and stationary
Time-lines involved
General comments
h OH&S status
h Management status
h Current odontology involvement and protocols in place
h Assessed extra odontology requirements
h Odontology staff required to meet site needs Immediate and long term
h Odontology based equipment and materials needed Immediate and lower priority
Site:
Room furniture:
Computer hardware, software, servicing:

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Power, light reliability:

Office equipment:
Stationary:
Time-lines involved
Comments
Reconciliation review h OH&S status
h Management status
h Current odontology involvement and protocols in place
h Assessed extra odontology requirements
h Odontology staff required to meet site needs Immediate and long term
h Odontology based equipment and materials needed Immediate and lower priority
Site:
Room furniture:
Computer hardware, software, servicing:
Power, light reliability:
Office equipment:
Stationary:
h Time-lines involved
h Comments

Debrief preparation
h Time management
h Staff management
h Quality control
h OHS&W
h Recommendations for future

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