By: Sidra Wazir

Pesticides-Assignment 1
2014-BEnv-041
Pesticides can be grouped according to the types of pests which they kill:
 Insecticides - insects
 Herbicides - plants
 Rodenticides - rodents (rats and mice)
 Bactericides - bacteria
 Fungicides – fungi

Insecticides are pesticides that are formulated to kill, harm, repel or mitigate one or more species
of insect. They include avicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively.
Examples includes, Organophosphates like DDT, Carbamates, Trichlorfon, carbaryl, Dimethoate,
Melathion, Hydroprene.
DDT Kills mosquito, tsetse flies, typhus and can be used as rodenticides and
weedicides.
Carbamates Use to kill mosquitos and agricultural insects.
Triclorfon Use to kill cockroaches, crickets, silverfish, bedbugs, fleas, cattle
grubs, flies.
Carbaryl Use to kill moths, beetles, cockroaches, ants, ticks, and mosquitoes
Dimethoate It kills Mites, aphids, beetles, caterpillars.
Melathion It kills Aphids, Bagworms, Boxelder Bugs, Lacebugs, Mealybugs,
Mosquitoes,

A fungicide is a specific type of pesticide that controls fungal disease by specifically inhibiting or
killing the fungus causing the disease. For example, Hexachlorobenzene,
Pentachloronitrobenzene, Benzothiazole Fungicides, Dimethomorph, Sodium
Pentachlorophenoxide. Phosphorus acid.

Hexachlorobenzene hexachlorobenzene use as a fungicide on the seeds of onions,

Pentachloronitrobenzene
Benzohydroxamic acid
Matalaxyl
Sodium
Pentachlorophenoxide.
Phosphorus acid
Dimethomorph
sorghum, wheat, and other grains
PCNB is used as a fungicide to suppress the growth of fungi
in various crops, such as cotton, rice, and seed grains
Widely used as a fungicide (spergon) for treatment of seeds
and foliage
Used against Phytophthora infestans (potato late blight
fungus)
They can be used to control fungi that damage plants,
including rusts, mildews and blights.
Use against Downy mildew, Phytophthoraspp., Pythium spp
A fungicide for use against Phytophthora and Downy
Mildews of bulb, cucurbit and fruiting vegetables, lettuce,
potatoes, and tomatoes
Herbicides are chemicals used to destroy unwanted plants (terrestrial or aquatic) called weeds.

Clodinafop-propargyl Fox tail, barnyard grasses

Clomazone herbicide Used against grasses and broadleaf weeds in
cotton, soybeans and tobaco
Clothedium herbicide (cyclohexene Use against pereinnial grasses such as
oxime) baranyard grasses
Carbamates Inhibit growth of wild oats from cereal crops
Methl-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Can eliminate monocotyledonous weed from
dictyledon crops

Rodenticides are pesticides that kill rodents. Rodents include not only rats and mice, but also
squirrels, woodchucks, chipmunks, porcupines etc. for example, warfarin.
Chloralose A rodenticide used to kill mice in temperatures below 15 °C
Diphenadione Has anticoagulant effects and is used as a rodenticide against
rats, mice, voles, ground squirrels and other rodents
Bromadiolone used both indoors and outdoors for rats and mice
Warfarin was first used as a rat poison or rodenticide but now it is
banned because of blood thinning impacts on humans.

A Bactericide or bacteriocide, sometimes abbreviated Bcidal, is a substance that kills bacteria.

Bactericides are disinfectants, antiseptics, or antibiotics. For example, Copper Oxychloride &
Copper Hydroxide, Hexachlorophene, Oxytetracycline, Copper sulfate pentahydrate, Cupric
hydroxide.
Tecloftalam Tecloftalam is used for the control of rice bacterial leaf blight.

Oxytetracycline Use in agriculture are for prevention of fire blight (Erwinia

amylovera) in apples, pears and against bacterial spot of peach
and nectarine
Copper sulfate Fungal and bacterial leaf spots downy mildews, powdery
pentahydrate mildews, Botrytis blight, late blight on tomatoes
Cupric hydroxide Broad spectrum bactericide and fungicide.
Copper Oxychloride Work against Fungal and bacterial spots and blights depending upon
& Copper Hydroxide crop.