SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

EEB 4443 RENEWABLE ENERGY

ASSIGNMENT 1: CASE STUDY ON REAL WORLD

CHALLENGES

NAME: Khishaan Saravanan

STUDENT ID: 1104142001

DEPARTMENT: Bachelor of Electrical and Electronics Engineering.

LECTURER: Prof Dr Ir Clarence Augustine Tee

SUBMISSION DATE: 27TH OCT 2017

 Sustainable power source or renewable energy is vitality that is gathered from
inexhaustible assets, which are normally renewed on human time scale. There are plenty of
renewable energy that are being made into use such as solar power, tidal, solid waste, bio gas
and biomass as well. Renewable energy plays a vital role in supplying those energy mainly for
electricity generation, air, water heating or cooling and currently for transportation where
nowadays transportation consumes more energy compared to the transportation energy needs
decades ago. Production of electricity energy currently depends on the renewable energy due
to cost constraint any many other factors [1]. Decades ago electricity generation was mainly
focused on generation through water source, but nowadays more renewable energy sources are
were given importance to overcome the high demand for electrical energy.

As the importance of renewable energy is drastically increasing worldwide the

challenges that are being faced on the importance and the challenges on using the renewable
energy also increases day by day. Looking through the present installed capacity of renewable
energy sources, the cumulative quota on renewable energy sources(MW) shows a big hike in
the production of energy produced. Comparing the sources such as biomass, biogas, mini
hydro, solar PV and solid waste. Initially the major share was conducted by the mini hydro and
biomass [2]. Biomass play are vital role in energy production. As the figure below it explains
that united states have produces more than 4000 trillion BTU in year 2013 compared to other
renewable energy present [3]. The reason behind the high demand on biomass is because
consuming biomass discharges about a similar measure of carbon dioxide (CO2) as copying
non-renewable energy sources. Be that as it may, biomass is more supportable than non-
renewable energy sources on the grounds that the CO2 it discharges is adjusted by the CO2
retained in plant development. Any fossil vitality that is utilized to develop, gather, and process
fuel from biomass discharges some of that net CO2 yet in general, copying biomass contributes
essentially less to environmental change than petroleum products. Overall biomass is a cost
saving and environmental friendly to be used.

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 Figure shows the renewable energy consumption in USA in year 2013[18].

Furthermore, the cumulative quota shows mini hydro also gives the second highest
amount of energy production. This ensure that hydro production takes less cost on their initially
instalment compared to other renewable energy. Mini Hydro represent the best trade-off among
energy requirements, limited environmental-social impact, high system efficiency and reduced
investments [3]. Around the world, hydropower is the most broadly utilized sustainable power
source asset because of its noteworthy focal points over other inexhaustible assets: high vitality
thickness, minimal effort and dependability specifically. Hydropower plants are accessible
from little sizes of just couple of Kilowatts (kW) to multi-Gigawatts (GW). Comparing with
the other renewable energy capacity this are the main two renewable energy which plays a vital
role among the other sources.

Scoping the quota down we can conclude that since 2011 till 2017 the production of
energy are increasing according to the demand on the energy consumptions but still mini-hydro
and biomass are the main energy producers till the year 2017 [4]. Considering the future at
2050 Solar Pv have taken over the place of those two sources because solar energy has a
maximum demand comparing other sources in the future. This is due to the cost and the amount

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of energy production. The reason why solar is becoming high on demand is because
Photovoltaic(PV) can be introduced wherever Concentrated solar power(CSP) can, yet not the
a different way [5]. This implies there are more tech organizations, speculators and strategy
creators inspired by Photovoltaic than in Concentrated solar power.

The annual renewable capacity target shows a more likely quota whereby the increase
in production of energies but counting from the year 2020 they are focused on solar PV and
solar PP [6]. Biomass sewage, biomass waste and small hydro gets a less amount of demand
after the year of 2020 where they more to have a stable business and a stop in the production.
After the year 2020 solar PV and solar PP gives a maximum hit continuing from the consecutive
year. Biomass has the productivity but its reduces as the year 2020 as the productivity of solar
PV and solar PP increases. Solar PV and solar PP gives a maximum demand as solar energies
production are more effective compared to other resources. Counting from the year 2020 solar
demand increases drastically as other energy resources drop drastically [7].

Solar PV and solar PP gives maximum demand because of its effectiveness towards the
environment. Solar is more called as environmental friendly resources because solar does not
need any modification made to the environment for the installation or production of solar
energy [8]. It’s worth to consider the following 3 eco-friendly advantages which are solar
reduces water pollution, reduces air pollution and reduces the finite for resources. As solar
becomes an eco-friendly resource its ability to hike up its demand become more as environment
become a major factor to be considered in renewable energy or to be specific on energy
production. In addition, Solar’s demand increased due to its cost effectiveness. For an example
as per the Energy Savings Trust, the normal local Solar PV framework is 4kWp and can create
around 3,800 kilowatt hours of power a year. In one year alone, a run of the mill family unit
can hope to influence investment funds of £70 on their power to charge. More than 20 years,
mortgage holders can likewise hope to make a 4.8% return [9]. Organizations and schools can
hope to make considerably greater funds.

Moreover, the cumulative renewable energy installed capacity ratio to peak demand
gives a clear picture on the demand of energy(MW) that is needed. Renewable sources that a

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present now which are solar PV, solid waste, mini-hydro, biogas and biomass have a very small
percentage in the energy production as compared to the future. Renewable energy needs from
2011 till 2017 gives a hike but in a small range of hike, whereas the after the 2030 renewable
energy demand drastically changes. In the year 2015 statistic shows 985MW is only needed
where’s in 2050 21.5GW is the demand of renewable energy. Solar takes the vital role as solar
PV and solar PP are the only chances to generate such demand of energy needed [12]. Overall,
we can see from the RE policy and action plan solar energy consumption shoots up drastically
till the year 2050 which is way greater in future where more energy such as electrical energy
will be in demand. Figure below shows the demand of jobs in different sectors in future and
solar hits the highest peak for its jobs scope. Moreover, other jobs have their demand on their
sector to but their percentage compared to solar PV are way lesser.

Figure shows the job demand on the renewable energy sector [19].

As a conclusion we can conclude from the statistics that Solar power is an immense
source of directly usable energy and ultimately creates other energy resources compared
biomass, wind, hydro power and wave energy. A large portion of the Earth's surface gets
adequate sun based vitality to allow poor quality warming of water and structures, although
there are substantial varieties with scope and season. At low scopes, basic mirror gadgets can

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think sunlight based vitality adequately to cook and notwithstanding to drive steam turbines.
Be that as it may, we ought to be for quite some time located. As we are confronting difficult
issues like an unnatural weather change and vitality emergency, we need to accomplish
something or roll out a few improvements in our day by day lives for taking care of the above
issues. Sustainable power source is without a doubt an answer for those issues over the long
haul. It is supportable and non-contaminating.

(1306 words)

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