Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Scope
This specification covers the design, manufacturing, testing, supply, delivery and
performance requirements of three phase 11/0.416 kV outdoor type distribution
transformers for use in the electricity distribution networks of Iraq.
2. Standards
The equipment shall comply with the latest editions and amendments of the
international standards listed below as a minimum.
Where any provision of this specification differs from those of the standards
listed above, the provision of this specification shall apply. In case of conflict,
the order of precedence shall be:
This specification
IEC standards
ISO standards
Other standards
3. Service Conditions
3.1 Outdoor
Item Description
Altitude above sea level: Up to 1,000m above sea-level
Ambient Temperature:
Maximum outdoor - shade +55 °C for 6 hours a day
Minimum outdoor -10 °C
Maximum outdoor daily average +40 °C
Maximum outdoor yearly average +30 °C
Maximum ground at depth 1 m +35 C
Maximum Black Body (black objects in direct sun) +80 C
Relative Humidity:
Maximum 92 %
Minimum 12 %
Yearly Average 44 %
Maximum wind velocity: 140 kilometre per hour
Rainfall per year:
Maximum 500 mm
Minimum 50 mm
Maximum in one day 65 mm
Yearly Average 150 mm
Subject to sand storms and
Atmosphere:
wind blown dust
Average number of days per year of dust storms 30
Average number of days per year of thunder storms 15
4. System Conditions
Note: The 11 kV networks are normally operated with the neutral point earthed
through a resistor to limit earth fault current. However, the 11 kV networks
may also be operated with the neutral isolated from earth during abnormal
conditions. The unearthed 11 kV equipment shall be suitable for continuous
operation with an earth fault on one phase and shall be designed to
withstand the over voltage that may occur due to arcing to earth.
5.1 Inspection
The Employer or its nominated entity shall have free entry at all times, while
work on the contract is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s
works which concern the processing of the work. The manufacturer shall
afford the Employer without charge, all reasonable facilities to verify that the
equipment being furnished is in accordance with this specification.
5.2 Testing
The equipment shall have been type tested and successfully passed all type
tests referred to in Part 2 “Technical”, and in the most recent editions of the
standards referenced in Clause 2. Certificates of type tests already carried out
shall be submitted with the bid for evaluation.
All routine tests required by the relevant standards shall be carried out even
though they are not listed in this specification, at the expense of the Contractor
and these tests shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s works. The
Contractor shall submit full details of the proposed methods of testing,
including connection diagrams to the Employer for approval, at least one
month before testing.
The Contractor shall submit to the Employer five signed copies of the test
certificates, giving results of the prescribed tests. Equipment shall not be
dispatched until the Employer has received the test certificates and the
Contractor has been informed that they are acceptable. The Employer
reserves the right to reject any item of the equipment if the test results do
not comply with the values specified or with the data given in the Schedule
of Technical Data.
The manufacturer must operate a quality assurance system that complies with
ISO 9000. The Contractor shall provide current certification showing the
manufacturers’ compliance with ISO 9000 or equivalent national standard.
The certificate must have been issued by an independent, accredited issuing
authority.
6. Spare Parts
Not required.
7.1 Packing
Transformers shall be supplied filled with oil. The weight and volume of oil in
the transformer shall be clearly stated.
Each transformer shall have 2 suitable plywood labels tied to it on adjacent sides.
Each label shall contain the following information indelibly marked on it:
The label and ties shall be fixed such that no damage or abrasion is caused to the
paintwork.
Each transformer shall contain a fully detailed packing list in a sealed waterproof
envelope robustly attached to it. Five (5) copies of each packing list shall be sent
to the Employer prior to dispatching the equipment.
The Contractor shall submit safety data sheets for all hazardous substances used
with the equipment. These substances shall be classified in accordance with the
European Union SI 426.
If such substances are not used in with the equipment, the Contractor shall
give an assurance that there are no substances classified as hazardous in the
equipment supplied.
No. of
# Description Delivery Time Objective
Copies
Programme for production and
1.
testing
Detailed dimension drawings for
Within one month
all components, general Approval 3
of contract award
2. arrangement drawings showing
detailed component layout and
overall assembly drawings
No. of
# Description Delivery Time Objective
Copies
Detailed drawing of mounting
3.
arrangements
Certificates of compliance and
4.
certificates of origin
At agreed
5. Progress reports Monitoring 3
intervals
Review and
Notification of inspection and
6. One month before necessary 3
tests
inspection / action
List of tests and description of testing
7. Approval 3
the tests to be performed
Test reports for all type tests, Immediately after
8. routine tests and special tests tests/inspection Approval 5
and inspection reports are completed
Technical Data Schedule with
9. 5
approved revisions if any
Detailed schematic and wiring
10. 5
drawings for all components
General description of the
One month before
11. equipment and all components Approval 5
delivery
including brochures
Installation and commissioning
12. 5
instructions
Operation and maintenance
13. 5
instructions manual
The programme for production and testing should be in the form of a Gantt
chart.
The Contractor shall submit progress reports detailing progress against this
programme and explaining any variations. The progress reports shall be
submitted at defined intervals agreed by the Employer.
At each of the approval stages indicated in above table, the Contractor should
not proceed to the next step in the programme until the Employer gives
approval.
PART 2: TECHNICAL
9. General
This specification covers the design, manufacturing, testing, supply, delivery and
performance requirements of three phase, 50 Hz, 11/0.416 kV distribution power
transformers with accessories.
All transformers shall have separate primary and secondary windings and be
hermetically sealed, oil immersed with natural oil and air cooling (ONAN).
The design of the tank, fittings, bushings, etc. shall be such that it will not be
necessary to keep the transformer energized to prevent deterioration as the
transformers may be held in reserve, outdoors, for many years.
Description Requirement
Rated Voltage HV 11 kV
LV 416 V
Frequency 50 Hz
Number of Phases 3
Power ratings 100kVA, 250 kVA, 400 kVA and 630 kVA
Type Oil immersed, hermetically sealed (bolted type)
Standard IEC 60076
Cooling Self-cooled (ONAN)
Voltage Variation Off-load tap changer with 5 positions in the HV winding
giving + 2 x 2.5 %.
Windings Copper only
Core Grain orientated silicon steel, step-lap mitered joints
HV and LV Bushings Outdoor type
Vector Group Dyn11
Each Transformer shall be capable of supplying its rated power being the product
of rated voltage and rated current on the line side winding (at center tap)
expressed in kVA, as defined in IEC 60076-1.
The transformer shall also be capable of delivering rated current at an applied
voltage equal to 105% of the rated voltage.
The ability to withstand the thermal and dynamic effects of a short circuit shall
be demonstrated in accordance with IEC 60076 and IEC 60354. Calculations /
test certificates shall be submitted for approval.
10.5 Flux Density
The flux density at any point of the magnetic circuit when the transformer is
connected on the centre tap and operating at normal voltage and frequency shall
not exceed 1.65 Tesla. Saturation must not occur at 10 % over voltage.
The average noise level of the transformers shall not exceed the values given in
IEC 60551. The measurements shall be carried out in accordance with the above
standard at a distance of 300 mm from the envelope of the transformer.
Each transformer shall be fitted with 5 taps with ± 2x2.5% voltage variation. Tap
changing and the tap changing mechanism shall have the following
characteristics:
The windings shall be uniformly insulated and the LV neutral point shall be
insulated for full voltage. The insulation material of windings and connections
shall be high quality, free from insulation softening, shrinking or collapsing
during service. Moreover none of the material used shall disintegrate, carbonize
or become brittle under the action of hot oil, under all load conditions.
The core and coil assembly shall have the core and coils rigidly connected to the
tank and suitable closed lugs shall be provided for removing the core and coil
assembly from the tank.
The Bushings shall be so installed that they are easy to be checked and
removed without removing the tank cover and the pipe work.
The creepage distances for the bushings and the insulators shall not be less than
25 mm/kV for maximum phase to phase system voltage.
Both HV and LV Bushings shall be complete with Brass terminals suitable for
terminating Copper conductors as details given below:
HV: outdoor bushings with clamp for terminating 50-95 mm2 Copper
Conductor
LV: outdoor bushings with terminals suitable for terminating copper cables
as specified below.
100 kVA – 1x1C 95 mm2
250 kVA – 2x1C 95 mm2
400 kVA – 3x1C 150 mm2
630 kVA – 4x1C 150 mm2
The HV and LV bushings shall be:
The HV bushings shall be labeled in accordance with IEC 60076. Letters shall be
at least 12 mm high. The means of marking shall be either:
All transformers shall be provided with a main earthing terminal of stainless steel
welded to the tank and be fitted with a stainless steel M12 bolt, nut, spring
washer and a lock washer.
The transformer tank shall be of rigid construction, shall not leak and shall be
designed so that the completed transformer can be lifted and transported without
permanent deformation or oil leakage. The Contractor shall state what method
of leak testing is used.
The tank shall be fabricated of mild steel or stainless steel. If stainless steel is
used it shall not discolour or corrode; a minimum grade 304 L is required.
The minimum thickness of the steel tank shall be 3 mm for mild steel and an
equivalent thickness for stainless steel such that its mechanical strength shall be
the same as that of the 3 mm thick mild steel tank. Thickness below the
minimum value will be considered only in exceptional cases, such as where
special protective finishes are used. The Contractor shall provide full information
about any such special finish, including any field experience.
The transformer tank and the top cover shall be designed in such a manner as to
leave no external pockets in which water can lodge or dust deposits can build up.
The top cover shall be of the bolted type and fitted with neoprene bonded cork
seals suitable for temperature as stipulated in this specification. Surfaces at
gasketed joints shall be such that an even face is presented to the gasket, thereby
eliminating the necessity for the gasket to take up surface irregularities.
The cooling surfaces may be oil filled fins or radiators. Only larger faces of the
transformer shall be used to attach cooling surfaces.
All pipes and radiators, which are welded to the tank wall, shall be welded
externally.
100kVA, 250 kVA and 400 kVA transformers shall be pole mounted and 630
kVA transformers shall be wheel mounted. Skids shall be aligned at right angles
to the line of the HV bushings.
All surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned of rust, scale, grease and dirt and other
foreign matter and all imperfections shall be removed by means of approved
methods.
The transformer tank and its steel attachments shall be hot dip galvanized or
metallized, followed by painting. The painting system used should be proven and
documented.
The inside of the tank shall be painted with an approved oil resisting varnish so
that the oil cannot come into contact with the tank metal at any time.
11.6 Tank Fittings and Attachments
The core and winding shall be dried in a vacuum drying oven. The heating and
vacuum drying cycle shall be approved by the Employer. The tank, complete
with core and windings, shall be filled with oil under a vacuum.
The transformers shall be supplied filled with class 1 mineral oil conforming to
IEC 60296. The Contractor shall submit a detailed specification for the type of
oil proposed. The oil shall not contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). The
Employer may require evidence that the oil is not contaminated by PCB. If an
anti oxidant is recommended, its use shall be subject to the Employer's approval.
The Contractor shall also state the value of guaranteed magnetizing current,
subject to the tolerance specified in IEC 60076.
The admissible tolerances for component and total losses of transformer after
testing shall be according to IEC 60076.
The Employer may at its sole discretion reject any transformer with Copper
losses or Iron losses exceeding the relevant tolerances.
For the purpose of evaluation the transformer shall be evaluated according to the
total price plus the capitalized value of losses. The formula to be used in
evaluation will be:
13. Tests
The tests listed hereinafter shall be carried out in accordance with provisions
in the referenced standards in the specification.
Routine tests shall be carried out on all transformers and the tests shall be
conducted in accordance with IEC 60076 /other standards as applicable.
Temperature Rise Test. This test shall be carried out on the tap
having maximum losses
Short Circuit Withstand test
Measurement of zero-sequence Impedances
Impulse Voltage Test and Power Frequency Test
Acoustic Sound Level Measurement
Tank Vacuum Test
Measurement of Harmonic Level in no load condition
Oil Analysis
13.3 Galvanizing Tests
Visual inspection
Thickness of galvanizing coat
Uniformity of galvanizing coat
In the event of disagreement or dispute over the results of the above tests a
coating mass test shall be carried out. The result of this test shall be definite and
binding.
Labels, name plates, markings and instructions shall be clear and indelible and
in the English language. A weatherproof rating plate shall be provided in
accordance with IEC 60076 and showing the following items, indelibly
marked:
- Type of transformer
- Specification to which standard it was manufactured
- Manufacturer’s name
- Serial number
- Year of manufacturer
- Number of phases
- Rated power
- Rated frequency
- Rated voltage
- Rated currents
- Vector group
- Percentage impedance voltage at rated current
- Type of cooling
- Continuous ambient temperature at which ratings apply
- Top oil temperature rise at rated load
- Total weight
- Volume of oil
- Weight of core and windings
- Table of primary voltages at the 5 tapping positions
- Connection diagram
- Employer’s name
15. Drawings
On this schedule, the Contractor shall provide a list of non-compliances with this
specification, documenting the effects that such non-compliance is likely to have
on the equipment's life and operating characteristics. Each non-compliance shall
be referred to the relevant specification clause.
Non Compliance
Claus
e No
On this schedule, a list of the test certificates shall be provided. This list shall
include type test certificates and sample routine test reports. Each certificate
listed shall be referred to the relevant specification clause.
Date: ______________________
ELECTRICITY COMMISSION
PLANNING AND STUDY DEP
BAGHDAD, REPUBLIC OF IRAQ
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
kV
Tenderer are invited for the design , manufacture , testing and supply of a
11000/416 volt,oil immersed copper winding outdoor type (Directly under the sun)
transformers to be supplied complete with all necessary fittings , accessories off-
load tap changer , insulating oil and spare parts . . . etc.
The transformer is to be hermetically sealed (without conservator tank)bolted cover
with bushing insulators on both H.T and L.T sides for the following rating : 100 ,
250 , 400 , Box type for rating 630 and 1000 KVA .
And a valid ISO 9001 certificate.
2- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS :
The transformers shall be of first class quality and design for continuous
satisfactory operation as continuity of supply is of prime consideration . the design
shall be allow all necessary precaution for the safety of operation and maintenance
personnel . the transformers shall operate satisfactorily under variations of load ,
voltage or short circuit or other conditions which may occur on the system provided
that these variations are within the assigned rating of the apparatus. All the
equipment shall be designed to obviate the risk of accidental short circuit.
2-2 Altitudes
From sea level up to (1000m)
2-4 Standards:
All the equipments shall be in accordance with the latest issue of the
international Electro technical commission (IEC specification).
2-5 Deviation:
The tenderer shall particularly mention in his tender all deviations from the
specification described in these tender specification.
2-6 Schedules:
The tender shall duly fill in the schedules A&B of guaranteed technical
particulars , prices , delivery and deviations attached to this specification.
Incomplete tenders are liable to rejection.
2-7 Guarantee:
The tenderer shall confirm than the transformer guaranteed against all
defects arising from faults design, materials and workmanship, for a period of
(12) months from commissioning or (18) months from arrivals, whichever period
expires earlier.
3- system composition
The transformer shall operate in distribution systems where most of the net work
is overhead lines and comprising partly underground cable.
4- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
The transformers shall be copper winding. Hermetically sealed of the blolted cover and
should have the following characteristics:-
KVA.
ep-down, outdoor bushing type for 100,250,400,Box type for 630 & 1000
KVH.
-phase
- 416 volt.
Off circuit tapings . . . . . . five tapping for 2.5% - 5% on the H.T winding for off
circuit operation externally. The machine must be of
the robust and definite position type with a click
indicating position arrived during tap changing.
System Highest Voltage . . H.V side 12 kV
Terminal arrangement of transformers:-
The 11 kV side terminal is to be a clamp type with eyebolt and nut suitable for
conductors up to 150 mm2 copper.
The low voltage terminal are to be flat bar type with holes suitable for
compression type thimble the sizes of L.V side:
For 100 KVA transformer 4x1x70 mm2 copper.
For 250 KVA transformer 6x1x195+1 70 mm2 copper
For 400KVA transformer 7x1x150 mm2 copper
For 630 KVA transformer 11x1x240 mm2 copper
For 1000 KVA transformer 14x1x240 mm2 copper
Terminal arrangement of outdoors transformers must be brown colored bushing
insulator mounted on the top cover of transformer for both H.T. and L.T, with arcing
horn on H.T.bushing for outdoor transformer only. Neutral bushing should
distinguished from phase bushing,
- For box-type transformer a suitable iron box cover the top bushings.
6- painting
A primary coat shall be applied immediately after cleaning all ungalvanized
metallic parts thoroughly. An oil and weather resistant type second coat shall then
be applied and the transformer finished in aluminum paint.
7- insulating oil
The transformer is to be shipped with first filling of oil which shall be SHELL
DIALA (B).
8- loss evaluation
The tolerance permitted is +10% of the evaluated guaranteed total losses
mentioned in the offer. Any transformer with total losses more than + 10% will be
rejected. For transformer with total losses within +5% of the evaluated guaranteed
losses , no variation to the contract price shall be made , for transformers where the
total losses between 105% to 110% of the total evaluated guaranteed losses , the
contract price shall be reduced by the cost of the difference between the total losses and
the 105% of the total evaluated guaranteed losses according to the following values.
Iron losses 1800 USD per kW.
Copper losses 600 USD per kW.
For any transformer with total losses less than 100% of the guaranteed losses , no
variation to the contract price shall be made.
9- Test
9-1 Inspection:
The material shall be subjected to inspection and test by our inspectors or
international inspector at any time during manufacture.
The manufacture shall provide all inspection facilities for the said
inspection and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture or at
international testing facilities.
The inspector shall have the right of rejecting any portion of the material at
any time during manufacture if it dose not meet with the requirements of this
specification in all particulars . He shall have the right of overseeing the packing
and shipping of all material to be supplied.
10-3 Language:
The language to be used in the drawings and instruction book shall be
English.
10-4 Dimension:
Due to the space requirement in our system it is important for the
participants in this tender to make sure that the dimension of each type of the
required transformers to be as small as possible the following table is indicative
as a maximum for each single dimension:-
Table of Dimension
Transformer Length Width Height
KVA MM MM MM
100 1220 600 1200
250 1230 700 1300
400 1400 1000 1400
630 1500 1200 1600
1000 1500 1300 1800
11- Packing
The supplier will pack or protect the goods in the most appropriate manner.
He will be responsible for any loss or damage arising from careless
packing or protection up to the place of final destination after completion of the
inspection and tests at the factory, each item shall be packed for export shipment.
All parts provided for shipping purposes only and which are to be removed at the
time of erection shall be conspicuously tagged.
The method of packing shall be such as to protect all the items against
excessive corrosion of dampness, and shall afford adequate protection against
breakage or other injury, or loss due to breakage of cases or crates from the time
the items leaves the factory until finally installed at the substation during which
time, the apparatus will travel by rail by a long sea voyage again by rail or truck
to the site of the substation. The equipment will also undoubtedly stand on
wharves and in the open during and in between periods of transportation and will
thereby be exposed to heavy rain, hot sun, humid climate and sudden changes of
temperature.
Owing to the numerous handlings, the containers should be very strong
also extra ordinary care should be given to the packing of the equipment and
especially the items having insulating material to prevent the injury due to
moisture, from sources external to the packing or from excessive condensation
with the packing.
12- Spare parts and special tools for each rating
12-1 Spare parts:
1- H.T / L.T winding. 3%
2- 10%
3- 10%
4- Tap changer. 3%
5- Pressure relief valve. 2%
6- Oil level indicator. 10%
7- Cover gasket 10%
Unit price per set and per piece for each item are required.
12-2 Special tools:
1- Name of manufacturer.
2- Country of origin.
3- Standard on which performance data is based.
4- Continuous maximum rating for the specified.
Temperature rise and ambient temperature ( valid clause 5 (1) ONAN rating-(KVA)
5- Rated temperature rise ( C )
a- Oil by thermometer.
b- Winding by resistance
6- Hottest spot temperature-(c).
7- No-load voltage ratio at normal tap & vector relationship>
8- Exciting current referred to H.V. and 50 c/s and at . . (Amps)
a- 90% rated voltage.
b- 100% rated voltage.
c- 110% rated voltage.
9- Power factor of exciting current at100% rated voltage and 50 HZ . . (%).
10- Iron losses at 50 HZ and at .. (kW).
a- 90% rated voltage.
b- 100% rated voltage.
c- 110% rated voltage.
11- Copper losses at full load (O.N.rating) and at 75 C (kW)
12- Total losses .. (kW).
13- Resistance voltage at full load and at 75 C (%).
14- Reactance voltage at full load and at 75 C . . . (%)
15- Impedance voltage at full load 75 C . . .
a- At normal tap.
b- At highest tap.
c- At lowest tap.
16- Resistance of H.V. winding per phase at 20 C -(ohms).
17- Resistance of L.V. winding per phase at 20 C -(ohms).
18- regulation at full load at 75 C
a- 1.0 power factor.
b- 0.8 P,F lagging.
19- Efficiency at 75 C -(%)
a- 100% load
b- 75% load
c- 50% load
d- 25% load
20- Calculated thermal time constant -(Hrs).
21- Maximum flux density at normal voltage and frequency and at normal ratio -
(KI/sq.cm)
a- core
b- yoke
22- Maximum flux density at 110% voltage and frequency and at normal voltage and
frequency and at normal ratio
a-Core
b- Yoke
23- Insulation of
a-Core bolts
b- Core bolts washer
c-Side plates
d- Core laminations
24- Current destiny in windings Amps/sq.cm.
a- H.V. winding
b- L.V. winding
25- Insulation on copper
26- insulation strength of winding.
a- Impulse full wave -(kV)
( I ) H.V.
(I I ) L.V.
b- Impulse chopped wave -(kV)
( I ) H.V.
(I I ) L.V.
c- Applied voltage test. -(kV)
d- Induced voltage test. -(kV)
27- Insulation strength of terminals.
a- Over voltage test -(kV)
b- Minimum wet withstand voltage. -(kV)
c- Minimum impulse withstand. -(kV)
d-Minimum puncture or oil-immersed withstand voltage. -(kV)