Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini biasanya digunakan untuk
menunjukan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat ini.
Kalimat
Rumus Kata Sinyal Kalimat Positif Kalimat Tanya
Negatif
Does he work
Subject + always, every, He does not
He always works very hard in the
Verb 1 never, normally, work very hard
very hard in the company?
(present often, sometimes, in the
company Yes, he does. /
form) usually, seldom company.
No, he does not.

Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung saat
pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga digunakan untuk rencana di masa depan.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + Is he playing
at the moment, He is not
am/is/are + Look! He is computer games
just now, now, playing
Verb -ing talking with his at the moment?
right now, Listen!, computer
(continuous classmates. Yes, he is. /
Look! games now.
form) No, he is not.

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menekankan pada hasil.Tense ini menunjukkan aksi yang masih sedang berlangsung
atau baru saja selesai.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Has he
completed the
Subject +
already, ever, just, arrangement for
has/have+ He has already He has not
never, not yet, so the coming
Verb III (past finished his been to
far, till now, up to event up to
participle homework. Australia so far.
now now?
form)
Yes, he has. /
No, he has not.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik
dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi
tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + for the past 5 He has not Has he been
He has been
HAS/HAVE + years, how long been speaking playing the
working here
BEEN + Verb - …?, the whole for the last 3 computer game
since 1996.
ing week, since xxxx hours. all day?
(continuous Yes, he has. /
form) No, he has not.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
yesterday, 2
Did he pay the
Subject + minutes ago, in Last year, he He did not go
bill yesterday?
Verb II (past 1996, last always worked to school this
Yes, he did. /
form) Thursday, this into night. morning.
No, he did not.
morning

Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu
tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua kejadian di masa lampau dan satu kejadian menginterupsi
kejadian yang lain. Kejadian yang sedang diinterupsi tersebut yang menggunakan past continuous tense.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Was he writing
Subject + He was not the letter to his
WAS/WERE + when, while, as He was speaking doing his parents when I
Verb -ing long as, at this when I entered homework at was out last
(continuous time yesterday in room. this time Tuesday?
form) yesterday. Yes, he was. /
No, he was not.

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkansebuah kejadian yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di
masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada fakta daripada durasi.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Had he entered
the company
Subject + He had finished
before yesterday, He had not before he
HAD + Verb III his designs
till three days ago, been a high achieved his
(past before he went
already, until that school student master degree in
participle to work
day until last year. 1990?
form) yesterday.
Yes, he had. /
No, he had not.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan
suatu aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tapi tense
ini menekankan pada durasi kejadiannya.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
 Had he been
He was told
Subject + speaking for the
He said that he that his teacher
HAD + BEEN + whole class
for, since, the had been had been
Verb -ing before I
whole day, all day working here for waiting for him
(continuous entered?
ten years. since 2 p.m
form) Yes, he had. /
yesterday.
No, he had not.

Simple Future Tense

Simple Future tense mengindikasikan suatu aksi di masa yang akan datang dan tidak dapat dipengaruhi. Dapat
juga digunakan untuk pembuatan keputusan di masa depan yang spontan atau asumsi yang berhubungan
dengan masa yang akan datang. “Will”dan “be going to” merupakan 2 indikator umum pada tenses ini.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
He will not play
computer Will he go to the
Subject +
in a year, next …, He is going to be games cinema
“WILL/ BE
tomorrow, next journalist after anymore tomorrow with
GOING TO” +
week, five days he graduate because he us?
Verb (present
later next year. understand Yes, he will. /
form)
how harmful No, he will not.
they are.

Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense menunjukkan aksi yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang dan
aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu dekat.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
He will be Will he be
Subject + He will not be
delivering the playing football
“WILL/BE doing the task
tomorrow speech to next morning in
GOING TO” + in the office
morning, in one undergraduates the
“BE” + Verb this afternoon
year at 3 p.m playground?
(continuous because he is
tomorrow Yes, he will./
form) sick.
afternoon. No, he will not.

Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense menekankan pada aksi yang akan berakhir pada waktu tertentu di masa yang akan
datang.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + He will not Will he have
He will have
“WILL HAVE” have finished finished the task
by next Monday, in finished the task
+ Verb II (past the given task in a week?
a week by next
participle by tomorrow Yes, he will./
Monday.
form) evening. No, he will not.
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Hampir sama dengan semua jenis perfect continuous tense, future perfect continuous tense
merupakan serangkaian aksi yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + He will not Will he have
He will have
“WILL HAVE have been been doing the
for the last couple been taking
BEEN” + Verb doing the task research all day
of hours, all day charge of the
III (past for the last long?
long team for the
participle couple of Yes, he will./
next hour.
form) hours. No, he will not.

Past Future Tense

Past future tense pada dasarnya digunakan dalamkalimat yang tidak langsung, dimana terdapat perubahan
bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian peristiwa yang ada.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
He did not Did you tell him
Subject +
He said that he promise that when I would
“SHOULD/WOULD”
would leave in he would buy arrive?
+ Verb (present
three days. you a new Yes, I did. /
form)
computer. No, I did not.

Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense menekankan padaserangkaian atau durasi sebuah aksi terjadi. Sebagai
tambahan, ini juga biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
I did not tell Did you say
I made a
anyone that I that you would
Subject + promise that I
would be giving be working
“SHOULD/WOULD would be doing
a speech to hard in the
BE” + Verb my homework
undergraduatesnext week?
(continuous form) all day long
for the next Yes, I did /
tomorrow.
whole morning. No, I did not.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Terdapat 3 waktu dalam past future perfect yang terjadi di masa lalu. Menunjuk pada waktu yang akan
datang, waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi aksi yang terjadi harus sudah selesai sebelum waktu yang akan
datang. Dan biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Subject + He told the He said that Did you say
“SHOULD/WOULD students that he would not that you would
HAVE BEEN” + they should have made have been a
Verb III (past have finished such a mistake doctor in three
participle form) the homework if he had takenyears?
 this morning. my advice. Yes, I did /
No, I did not.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan bentuk tense yang cukup sulit. Namun, kamu dapat
mempelajarinya dari past future perfect tense. Bedanya, past future perfect tense menekankan pada durasi
waktu yang sudah berlalu dan hasil.
Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question
Would he have
I did not know been explaining
I heard that you
Subject + that he would to the workers
should have
“SHOULD/WOULD have been if he had made
been teaching
HAVE BEEN” + working for the information
here for ten
Verb (continuous the past three clear?
years by this
form) hours by that Yes, he would /
July.
time. No, he would
not.