LESSON 1 WHAT IS AN ART: Art as Expression – You try to release yourself Noli and Fili – served as a catechist for
Fili – served as a catechist for Filipino
INTRODUCTIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS
Art –comes from ancient Latin “ars”, means a
“craft” or specialized form of skill. It is the product
of creativity and imagination of human. It is a
works that appreciated primarily for their beauty
and emotional power.
Why do we study Humanities? – we study
humanities to understand the world and
communicate fairly and intelligently with others in
the world.
Assumptions of Art
Art is Universal – In every country and in every
generation, there is always art.
Art is not Nature – art is man’s expression of his
reception of nature. Art is man’s way of
interpreting nature. Art is not nature. Art is made
by man, whereas nature is a given around us.
Art involves Experience – art is just experience.
By experience we mean the “actual doing of
something” (Dudley, 1960).
LESSON 2 ART APPRECIATION:
IMAGINATION AND EXPRESSION
Jean-Paul Sartre, a famous French philosopher of
the twentieth century, described the role of art as a
creative work that depicts the world in a
completely different life and perspective, and the
source is due to the human freedom.
In cultivating an appreciation of art, one should
also exercise and develop his taste for things that
are fine and beautiful.
Creativity requires thinking outside the box. It is
often used to solve problems that have never
occurred before, conflate function and style, and
simply make life a more unique and enjoyable
experience.
Through Imagination, one is able to craft
something bold, something new, and something
better in the hopes of creating something that will
stimulate change. Imagination allows endless
possibilities.
Robin George Collingwood, an English
philosopher who is best known for his work in
aesthetics, explicated in his publication “The
Principles of Art (1938)”
from tormenting and disabling state by doing
something, which is called expressing oneself
(Collingwood).
Visual arts – creations that fall under this category
are those that appeal to the sense of sight and are
mainly visual to nature.
Film – refers to the art of putting together
succession of still images in order to create an
illusion of movement.
Performance Art – is a live art and the artist’s
medium is mainly the human body which he or she
uses to perform, but also employs other kind of art
such as visual art, props and sounds.
Poetry Performance – An art form where the
artist expresses his emotions not by using paint,
charcoal or camera, but expresses them through
words.
Architecture – It is the making of beautiful
buildings.
Dance – is a series of movements that follows the
rhythm of the music accompaniment.
Literary Art – artist who practice literary art use
words to express themselves and communicate
emotions to then readers.
Theater – uses live performers to present
accounts or imaginary events before a live
audience.
Applied Art – is incorporating elements of style
and design to everyday items with the aim of
increasing their aesthetical value.
LESSON 3 FUNCTIONS AND PHILOSOPHICAL
PERSPECTIVE ON ART
Greek philosopher Aristotle claimed that every
particular substance in the world has an end, or
“telos” in Greek, which translate into “purpose”.
Telos – is intricately linked with function. For a
thing to reach its purpose, it also has to fulfill its
function.
Man – is bound to achieve a life of fulfillment and
happiness.
Eudaimonia – all men move toward this final end.
Rationality – man’s natural end, telos, is
connected with his function.
Functions of Art – What is it for?
revolutionaries to gather strength in rejecting the
oppressive forces of the Spaniards in the
Philippines.
Personal Functions of Art – are varied and
highly subjective. This means that its functions
depend on the person – the artist who created the
art.
Social Function – art is considered to have social
function if and when it addresses a particular
collective interest as opposed to a personal
interest.
Physical Functions of Art – The physical
functions of art can be found in artworks that are
crafted in order to serve some physical purpose.
Music – was principally functional. Music was
used for dance and religion.
Art as Imitation – Plato in his masterpiece, “The
Republic”, particularly paints a picture of artist as
imitators and art as mere imitation.
World of Forms – The things in this world are
only copies of the original, the eternal, and the true
entities that can only be found in the World of
Forms.
Socrates – claimed that art is just an imitation of
imitation.
Aristotle – considered art as an aid to philosophy
in revealing the truth.
Aristotelian worldview – (1) art allows for the
experience of pleasure. Experience otherwise
repugnant can become entertaining in art. (2) art
also has an ability to be instructive and teach its
audience things about life; thus, it is cognitive well.
Critique of judgement – it is the judgement of
beauty, the corner stone of art, as something that
can be universal despite its subjectivity.
Immanuel Kant – mentioned that judgement of
beauty, and therefore, art, is innately autonomous
from specific interests. It is the form of art that is
adjudged by one who perceives art to be beautiful
or more so, sublime.
Leo Tolstoy – author of “War and Peace” and
“Anna Karenina”. Tolstoy is fighting for the social
dimension of art. As a purveyor of man’s
innermost feelings and thoughts, art is given a
unique opportunity to serve as mechanism for
social unity.
 LESSON 4 SUBJECT AND CONTENT
Subjectivity – is illustrated in the way that
selective perception renders one or two details
more prominent than other, prompting the viewer
to focus on some details as essential or as
standouts.
Mona Lisa – most iconic and recognizable
paintings all over the world done by Leonardo da
Vinci.
Representational Art – these types of art have
subjects that refer to objects or events occurring in
the real world.
Non-representational Art – is a work that does
not represent or depict a being, or a thing in the
natural world.
Fernando Amorsolo – gained prominence from
painted rural scenes such as women in the fields
gathering harvest.
Sistine Chapel – commissioned by Pope Julius II,
the intricate fresco that lines the Sistine Chapel
was created by Michelangelo. The immense detail
and vast surface he had to cover had him working
on it from 1508 to 1512.
Goya’s “El Tres de Mayo” – captures the death
of Madrilenes, the local insurgents during the
peninsular war. Former allies in the overrun of
Portugal and France turned against Spanish.
Napoleonic forces invaded Madrid without much
difficulty and the painting captures the dramatic
demises of its people under a firing squad.
Michelangelo – was an Italian sculptor, painter,
architect and poet of the High Renaissance born in
the Republic of Florence
Ilustrado – or middle class, along with foreign
guests who wanted souvenirs to take along with
them.
LESSON 5 ARTIST AND ARTISANS
Peter Drucker’s seminal book “Post-Capitalist
Society” – The real controlling source and the
absolutely decisive factor of production is neither
capital not land nor labor. It is knowledge. Instead
of capitalist and proletarians, the classes of the
post capitalist society are the knowledge workers
and the service workers.
Artists have treaded a long history. Their roots
can likewise be traced in one of the major
milestones in human civilization.
Guild – were a type of social fellowship, an
association structured with rules, customs, rights,
and responsibilities. With a lifetime commitment to
a particular trade.
Artisan – develops immense skill and expertise in
his craft.
Spanish Architecture – “The Church of the Most
Holy Trinity” in Loay, Bohol. Built in 1822, then
ceiling paintings were rendered trompe I’oeil style
depicting biblical scenes.
Pre-production process – ideas when material
manipulation is already underway. This is when
pre-production sometimes seep into the production
process.
Production Process – Gathering and sourcing
the materials needed for the creation of the
artwork.
Post-production process – Once an artwork is
finished, it will then be decided on how it will be
circulated not only in the art world, but the many
publics.
GAMABA –
CCP –
NCCA
 NATIONAL
UNIVERSITY

Art Appreciation

Name: Junar B. Lopez

Course/Yr: BSCE/ 1st Year
Section: CIV-184