Traducción Legal II - 2018

THE LAW OF CONTRACT: BASIC DEFINITIONS

CONTRACT: A promise, for the breach of which the law provides a remedy,
or the performance of which the law recognizes as a duty; a transaction
involving two or more individuals whereby each has reciprocal rights to
demand performance of what is promised.

BREACH OF CONTRACT: A wrongful nonperformance of any contractual

duty of immediate performance; failing to perform acts promised, by
hindering or preventing such performance or by repudiating the duty to
perform.

REMEDY: The means employed to enforce or redress an injury. The most

common remedy at law consists of money damages.

DAMAGES: Monetary compensation that the law awards to one who has
been injured by the action of another; or for a legal wrong such as breach of
contract or a tortious act.

TORT: A civil wrong or injury resulting from a breach of a legal duty that
exists by virtue of society's expectations regarding interpersonal conduct,
rather than by contract or other private relationship. The essential elements of
a tort are the existence of a legal duty owed by defendant to plaintiff, and the
resulting damage to plaintiff. Someone who commits a tort is called a
tortfeasor.

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QUICK QUIZ
(Choose the best response for each one)

1. Generally speaking, it's not wise to accept a contract on the

__________________________ ( = right away/ when you are shown the contract).
sport
spat
spot

2. I told him I'd get __________________________ with an answer the following day.
up
back
out

3. I'm not really happy with the __________________________ of this contract.

terminology
terms
termites

4. To do something that goes against the terms of a contract is known as

"__________________________" the terms of a contract.
breaching
bashing
beating

5. We __________________________ a contract with them. = We signed a contract with

them.
turned over
came along
entered into

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6. "Small __________________________" refers to the fine details of a contract, many of

which are typed in a smaller __________________________ than the rest of the contract,
hence the name.
print
printer
printing

7. This contract can be __________________________ ( = ended) by either party.

terminated
stopped
quit

8. Could you please confirm that __________________________?

by writing
writing
in writing

9. This is the __________________________ ( = typical, normal) contract that we give to

all our employees.
standing
standard
standards

10. I need to __________________________ before signing it.

have our legal expert look at this
have a look from our legal expert
our legal expert will look at this

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TÍTULO II - Contratos en general

CAPÍTULO 1 - Disposiciones generales

ARTÍCULO 957.-Definición. Contrato es el acto jurídico mediante el cual

dos o más partes manifiestan su consentimiento para crear, regular, modificar,
transferir o extinguir relaciones jurídicas patrimoniales.

ARTÍCULO 959.-Efecto vinculante. Todo contrato válidamente celebrado es

obligatorio para las partes. Su contenido sólo puede ser modificado o
extinguido por acuerdo de partes o en los supuestos en que la ley lo prevé.

ARTICULO 960.-Facultades de los jueces. Los jueces no tienen facultades

para modificar las estipulaciones de los contratos, excepto que sea a pedido de
una de las partes cuando lo autoriza la ley, o de oficio cuando se afecta, de
modo manifiesto, el orden público.

ARTÍCULO 961.-Buena fe. Los contratos deben celebrarse, interpretarse y

ejecutarse de buena fe. Obligan no sólo a lo que está formalmente expresado,
sino a todas las consecuencias que puedan considerarse comprendidas en
ellos, con los alcances en que razonablemente se habría obligado un
contratante cuidadoso y previsor.

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