© IPA, 2006 - 13th Annual Convention Proceedings, 1984
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PROCEEDINGS INDONESIAN PETROUXJM ASSOCIATION
Thirteenth Annual Convention, May 1984
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THE GEOLOGY OF THE BERUK NORTHEAST
FIELD, CENTRAL SUMATRA: OIL PRODUCTION
FROM PRE-TERTIARY BASEMENT ROCKS
ABSTRACT
The Beruk Northeast oil field in Central Sumatra was
discovered in 1976 by the drilling of Beruk Northeast
No. 1 which tested 1680 BOPD from Pre-Tertiary basement.
In addition t o Beruk Northeast only four other fields are
reported to produce oil from Pre-Tertiary basement in Indo-
nesia. Indeed oil production from Pre-Tertiary rocks is very
exceptional in Southeast Asia.
Oil production in Beruk Northeast is obtained from
fractured metaquartzites, weathered argillites, and weather-
ed granite. The basement reservoirs have K/Arradiometric
dates varying from Early Permian to Early Cretaceous
ages which indicate a complex Pre-Tertiary geologic history.
The B e d Northeast No. 1 well has produced in excess
of one million barrels of oil to date. Subsequent develop-
ment wells have been less productive due t o problems of
reservoir, separate oil-water contacts and possible unrecog-
nized fracture systems. Beruk Northeast serves as a re-
minder that the Pre-Tertiary basement is a valid exploration
objective in Southeast Asia and that whenever feasible, all
exploratory wells should be drilled into basement.
INTRODUCTION
The Beruk Northeast oil field is located within the Cen-
tral Sumatra Back Arc Basin, which is one of a series of Ter-
tiary basins oriented along the western and southern
margin of the Sunda Craton of southwestern Southeast
Asia (Figure 1). The Beruk Northeast field is situated within
a group of oilfields in the central area of the Pertami-
na-Calasiatic-Topco Coastal Plains-Pekanbaru Production
Sharing Block. The field was discovered in 1976 by the
drilling of Beruk Northeast No. 1 which tested oil from
fractured Pre-Tertiary metaquartzite basement rocks.
DEFINITION OF BASEMENT ROCKS
The term "basement rocks" generates a variety of de-
finitions by geologists depending on the specific sedi-
mentary basin discussed as well as the individual's experien-
ce in that area. Most workers consider basement as any
metamorphic or igneous rocks (regardless of age) which are
unconformably overlain by a sedimentary sequence. Oil
* FT Caltex Pacific Indonesia
T. KO**
F.X.Dannono*
may have migrated into older porous metamorphic or
igneous rocks thereby forming a basement reservoir. How-
ever, in some basins as the Central Sumatra Basin, the base-
ment rocks may be partially or completely unmetamor-
phosed. Therefore the authors of this paper prefer the
Landes et al (1960, p. 1682) description of basement, as
stated: "The only major difference between basement rock
and overlying sedimentary rock oil deposits is that in the
forxper case the original oil-yielding formation (source rock)
can not underlie the reservoir". A final comment on the
definition of basement rocks is -that further exploration,
geological and geochemical studies in a specific area may
result in revisions of the commonly accepted definition of
basement rocks within that area. Further exploration may
indeed prove the e&ence of hydrocarbon source rocks
located stratigraphically within rocks previoudy regarded
as basement. Accordingly explorationists' definition of
basement rocks can not be rigid but must be responsive to
new geological ideas and data.
AREAS OF BASEMENT OIL PRODUCnON
Basement rocks are important oil reservoirs in various
areas of the world. Basement reservoirs occur in Venezuela
and Brazil in South America; Libya, Algeria, Morocco, and
Egypt in North Africa; the Cuanza basin of Angola in West
Africa, and the West Siberia basin of the Soviet Union
(Chung-Hsiang P'an, 1982). In the United States, basement-
derived oil production occurs in a number of areas, including
California (Wilmington and Edison Fields), Kansas (El Do-
rado and Orth Fields), and Texas (Apco Field).
East Asia had no significant basement hydrocarbon pro-
duction until the discovery in 1959 of oil in fractured meta-
morphic rocks of Silurian age in the Y a e d Field, Yumen,
China (Chung-Hsiang P'an, 1982). During the 1979's about
20 prolific basement reServOirs were discovered in the Bohai
Bay basin, offshore China. Production is from Paleozoic
and Proterozoic limestones in structures commonly known
as "buried hills" Cyan Dunshi and Zhai Guangming, 1980).
Paleocene black shales are the reported oil source rocks for
the Bohai Bay reservoirs (Li Guoyu, 1981).
Almost all presently known oil and gas fields in Southeast
Asia are located in Tertiary sediments. In most cases, the
oil and gas accumulations occur in Neogene age formations
386
(Fontaine and Mainguy, 1982). In Southeast Asia rocks of
Pa-Tertiary age are g e n e d y regarded by explorationists'as
economic basement. Although the Pre-Tertiary series
produces signGcant volumes of oil and gas in Australia and
in China, the area in between these two continents has
almost been devoid of production from the Pre-Tertiary.
Severe tectonism and deformation experienced by Southeast
Asia prior to deposition of the Tertiary has decreased the
prospectiveness of the Pre-Tertiary series and in many areas
the Pre-Tertkuy is thermally ovennature for oil preservation.
The poor production history of the Pre-Tertiary in
Southeast Asia must also be partially attributed to the
absence of exploration specifidly aimed towards evaluating
the fie-Tertiary's potential. In this regards, the very recent
discoveries of gas in he-Tertiary rocks in northeast Thailand
is sig&cant. A gas flowrate of 27 MMCFD was reported
from Permian limestones in the Esso Nam Phong and
Chonnabot wells. These gas discoveries are in a large basin
that has experienced minimal drilling t o date (Oil & Gas
J o d , 1982).
Basement 04 Occurrences m Indonesia
In addition to Beruk Northeast, four other Indonesian
oil fields produce from Pre-Tertiary basement rocks (Figure
2). The following occurrences of basement oil production
have been reported in the literature:
1. The Kluang Field in South Sumatra has produced oil
from Re-Tertiary rocks and from the Tertiary Talang
Akar Formation (Martin, 1952). OiI occurs at the top of
the Pre-Tertiary in a limestone paleotopographic high
similar to the Chinese "buried hills". Severe weathering
prior to deposition of the Tertiary resulted in excellent
secondary porosity. The amount of oil produced from
basement is not reported.
2. In the Sei Teras Field, South Sumatra, 15,000 barrels oil
and 1 BCF gas has been produced since 1977 in two
wells from basement limestone and quartzite (Tiwar and
Taxuno, 1979).
3 . Approximately 21 million barrels of oil and 14 BCF of
gas has been produced from Pre-Tertiary rocks in the
Tanjung Field, South Kalimantan (Tiwar and Taruno,
1979). The basement rocks in this field consist of por-
phyritic extrusives and volcanics as well as metamor-
phosed sandstones, shales and claystones. In both
the Sei Teras and Tanjung Fields the basement is locally
deeply weathered and fractured. Mid-Tertiary sediments
are regarded as the likely source rocks for both fields.
4. Ln eastern Seram oil is produced from Pleistocene sedi-
ments and fractured basement (Bula Field), Pre-Tertiary
limestone (NKf pool) and he-Tertiary sandstone and
siltstone(Belienpoo1). Zillmanand Paten(1975) regarded
the Tertiar! as the likely source for the Seram oils
whereas Fontaine and Mainguy (1982) have suggested
the %ram oils are probably derived from Triassic source
rocks.
Due to the paucity of basement oil production in South-
east Asia, the Beruk Northeast oil field will hopefully be of
interest t o the petroleum industry and the earth science
community in Indonesia and Southeast Asia.
REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL SE"G
"he Beruk Northeast fieId is located 60 km east of the
Mnas field in the Calasiatic and Topco Coastal Plains Pro-
duction Sharing Contract Area which is operated by PT
Caltex Pacific Indonesia. Fourteen oil fields have been dis-
covered in the contract area since 1971 (Figure 3,4). All
fields in the Coastal Plains produce from Sihapas sandstones
and conglomerates except the Beruk Northeast field which
produces from fractured metaquartzite, weathered granite,
and weathered metasediments. Beruk Northeast is the o d y
field yithin Caltex's area of operations in Central Sumatra
which produces oil from basement.
Regional Tertiary Stratigraphy
Tertiary sedimentation in the Coastal Rains area
commenced in Paleogenetjme with the deposition of
Pematang Formation sediments on the Pre-Tertiary ero-
sional surface. A stratigraphic cobmn is included for re-
ference (Figure 5). Cross sections based on well control
Figure 6) and seismic isochron mapping indicates that con-
siderable paleotopographic relief existed on the Pre-Tertiary
surface prior to deposition of the Tertiary. The correlation
of well data illustrates the thi,ck i n f ~of Pematang into the
Bengkalis paleotrough eastwards of the Beruk Northeast
field. The Beruk High remained positive throughout the Pe-
matang depositional cycle and is devoid of Pematang sedi-
ment. Adiwidjaja and Decoster (1973) described similar
paleotopographic relief on the Pre-Tertiary surface in South
Sumatra.
The Pematang Formation consists of varicolored and
mottled claystones and fine to coarse sandstones and cong-
lomerates of continental origin. The Pematang is separated
from the overlying Sihapas Group sediments by a regional
unconformity which is marked by dip truncations on some
seismic lines in the area. The transgressive phase of the
Neogene cycle is represented by the Sihapas Group and the
Telisa Formation. The Sihapas sediments are fine to me-
dium grained sandstones interbedded with silty grey shales.
Well logs, cuttings and core data suggest a fluvio-deltaic
depositional enviranment and the intermittent presence of
glauconite in the Sihapas rocks inters marine influences.
The continuation of the marine transgression is marked by
the dark grey shales, minor thin fine grained sandstones and
h e y interbeds of the Telisa Formation. The Telisa is
overlain by F'etani Formation claystones and sandstones
which represent the regressive phase of the Neogene
cycle. The Neogene is overlain by a thin veneer of Holocene
Minas Formation alluvium.

For further details about the Central Sumatra Tertiary
sedimentaxy section, the reader is referred to earlier publica-
tions by Mertosono and Nayoan (1974), Mertosono (1975),
and Hasan et a i (1977). Lee (1982) descnied the Tertiary
succession in the Malacca Straits area located on the north-
eastern margin of the Central Sumatra Basin.
Regional Basement Rocks
The basement rocks of the Central Sumatra basin were
reviewed by Eubank and Makki (1981). Since this publica-
tion several recently drilled exploratory wells have provided
additional significant basement information (Table 1).
1. The Cucut No. I well was drilled in October 1981 and
cored unmetamorphosed greywackes ("pebbly mud-
stones") containing abundant angular to sub-rounded
clasts of granitic, volcanic, and metamorphic composi-
tion (Figure 7). This rock is believed t o represexkt the
Carboniferous Bohorok Formation (Tapanuli Group)
which crops out along the mountain front west of the
Central and North Sumatra Basins. Cameron et al(1980)
stated that "the age of the oldest parts of the Kluet
and Bohorok Formations is unknown, and it is possible
that future work will identify rocks of Devonian or
possibly Early Paleozoic age within the Tapanuli Group
as defined at present".
Palynological, and radiometric age dating by Chevron
Oil Field Research Company (COFRC) supports the
above Cameron et a1 (1980)statement. The clay mineral
matrix was dated by palynology as Eariy-Middle car-
boniFerous. No marine palynomorphs were recovered
.thus suggesting a nonmarine depositional environment.
A granite ciast within the matrix provided a K/Ar
radiometric age date of uppermost Devonian ( 3 4 8 2 10
M.Y.). The distinctive polymictic lithologic character of
the Cucut No. 1 core appears to support Cameron et al's
(1980) assertation that the "pebbly mudstones" of the
Bohorok Formation represent the reworking and turbi-
ditic rededeposition of ice-rafted, subglacial or fluvio-
glacial debris. However, the palynology recovered from
the core contained none of the highly distinctive Gond-
wana or glacial flora of Late Carboniferous, Permian
or EarIy Triassic age. Further drilling in the. Cucut area
may provide more information to resolve the origin of
these interesting basement rocks.
The total organic content (TOC) of the Cucut core is
very low (0.25 wt %) indicating that the sample has
little source rock potential. HIC ratios and vitrinite
reflectance measurements (Ro > 1.9) suggests that the
organic matter is thermally postmature.
2. Pusaka No. 1 . cored dark grey, slatey, silty, fractured
shales (Figure 7). On the basis of palynology, COFRC
estimated the age of the shales to be near the Devonian/
Carboniferous boundary. The Thermal Alteration Index
(TAI) of the organic material within the shales ranged
387
from 3.5 to 4.0 which approximately coincides with the
dry gas generation stage.
3. Idris No. 1 encountered hydrothermally altered granite
in a bottom hole core (Figure 7). This well was drilled in
1982 and is located within 10 km of ihe Beruk North-
east field. K/Ar radiometric age dates of 208 2 7 M.Y.
were obtained from muscovite, 206 f 8 M.Y. from albite,
and 101 f. 4 M.Y. from microline. The COFRC inter-
pretation of the data is that the muscovite and albite
indicate a minimum age of granite emplacement of
about 200 M.Y. (Late Triassic or Early Jurassic). The
microcline constrains a post emplacement thermal event
younger than 100 M.Y. (Late Cretaceous or Early
Tertiary).
Rb/Sr isotopic data was obtained to supplement the
K/Ar age data. Rb and Sr data better preserve the true
formation age of a rock because these two elementsare
less disturbed by young thermal events than K and Ar.
K/Ar age dates represent the time of latest metamor-
phism. The K/Ar "clock" is reset each time a rock is
raised to high temperature, even if partial melting does
not occur. Rb/Sr dating provided an age of granite
emplacement of 295 2 3 M.Y. (Late Carboniferous).
The initial Sr isotopic ratio indicates that the Idris
granite formed by the melting of preexisting rocks
which themselves experienced a long continental history.
In conclusion, the radiometric and petrographic data
indicates that Idris No. 1 penetrated basement that has
had a very long and complex geologic history. The
Idris No. 1 data are relevant for the Beruk Northeast
field since granites of similar age and composition
occur in several of the field wells.
FIELD DEVELOPMENT
The Beruk Northeast Field was discovered in 1976 by
Beruk Northeast No. 1 which was drilled to a total depth
of 1634 feet into h e - Tertiary basement to test a structural
closure defined by seismic (Figures 8,9). The main objective
Sihapas sandstones were absent and Telisa shales with minor
sandstone interbeds lie directly on Pre-Tertiary basement.
Beruk Northeast No. 1 penetrated 28' of heavily fractured
metaquartzite basement with oil shows in the cuttings,
bottom hole core, and in side-wall cores. An open hole
test of the basement flowed 1680 BOPD (38.6' API gravity
and 115OF pourpoint). A thin Telisa sand (named the
Telisa 1500-foot sand) located approximately 100 feet above
basement was tested and flowed 480 BOPD ( 3 8 3 O AFI' and
120°F pourpoint).
To delineate the lateral extent of the oil-bearing base-
ment and aIso to test the potential of Sihapas sands on-
lapping and pinching out against the basement high,Beruk
Northeast No. 2 was drilled in mid 1976 approximately
1.5 K m northeast of Beruk Northeast No. 1. The well
bottomed in granite basement at a total depth of 1941
feet. An open hole test of the granite proved thebasement
388
to be tight; the Sihapas sandstones were porous and water-
bearing.
Beruk Northeast No. 3 and No. 4 were drilled in mid
1982 t o provide additional development well control for
the field, Beruk Northeast No. 3 c onfi ie d oil production
from weathered arenaceous argillites. B e d Northeast No.
4 tested oil from a basement sequence consistingof weather-
ed hornfelsic argillite and granite.
Beruk Northeast No. 5 was drilled in late 1982 and
tested 2252 barrels fluid per day (34%water cut) from an
open hole test covering 14 feet of fractured metaquartzite
basement. Severe lost circulation problems prevented the
drilling of this well deeper into the objective basement
rocks.
FIELD GEOLOGY
Basement core data in the area of the Beruk Northeast
Field indicates a wide variety of basement rock types and
a broad range of radiometricallydated ages. Although the
Beruk Northeast wells cover a small area of less than 5
square kilometers, the variability in rock types and ages
indicates a very complex Pre-Tertiary geological history.
The rocks can be subdivided into three broad categories
on the basis of lithology and K/Ar age dates, as follows:
1. Metaquartzites of Early Permian age (Beruk Northeast
No. 1 and No. 5).
2. Granites of Late Triassic to Early Jurassic age (Beruk
Northeast No. 2 and No. 4, Bungsu No. 1 , Idris No. 1).
3. Argillaceous metasediments of Early Cretaceous age
(Beruk Northeast No. 3 and No. 4).
Reconstruction of the Pre-Tertiary geological history of
the B e a k Northeast field is difficult due to the inaccuracies
inherent in the K/Ar radiometric age dating method as
discussed previously. To obtain a more accurate insight into
the Pre-Tertiary history preferably all basement cores
should also be dated by the Rb/Sr method.
Beruk Northeast StNCtUrd Growth History.
The growth history of the Beruk Northeast structure
during Tertiary time is evident on stratigraphic cross-
sections and key seismic lines (Figures 8, 9 and 10). Paleo-
gene Pematang Formation and Miocene Sihapas Group sedi-
ments are absent on the crest of the structure, indicating
that major structural growth had occurred prior to deposi-
tion of the Paleogene. The isopachs of the Telisa 1500-foot
sand t o the Top Pre-Tertiary in wells No. 1, 3 , 4 and 5 are
almost identical suggestingthat the Pre-Tertiarysurface was
relatively flat before deposition of the Tertiary (Figure 10).
Stratigraphic cross-sections infer that the Beruk Northeast
structure was a relatively small basement ”island” standing
some 30 feJ;t above the wave base during late Sihapas time.
Consequently the Beruk Northeast basement high is ”bald”
or devoid of the Siapas Group sands which are the pro-
ducing zones in all other Coastal P l b s Block fields.
The consistent thicknesses of\the units between marker
beds in the Telisa indicate that structural growth was
inactive during Telisa time. However,the seismic lines show
the expression of the Beruk Northeast structure in beds
almost at surface, thereby indicating that rejuvenation of
structural growth occurred during the Plio-Pleistocene
orogenic phase. This late movement placed Telisa For-
mation beds, as the Telisa 1500-foot sand, into structural
closure (Figures 11,12).
FIELD RESERVOIRS
The Beruk Northeast field produces oil from fractured
metaquartzite (wells No. 1 and No. 5), weathered argillite
(well No. 3) and weathered argillite and granite (well No.
4). Minor oil production is obtained from the Telisa 1500-
foot sand in wells No. 3 and No. 4. Telisa shales are the cap
rocks above the basement reservoirs. The reservoir had an
original reservoir pressure of 680 psi. The reservoir tempe-
rature is 2W°F and connate water saturation averages 37%.
Defining oil pay zones in basement by the electric logs is
difficult. Refer to the composite log of well No. 4 which
shows typical log response in basement (Figure 13). Oil pay
zones are initially detected by drill cuttings analysis. After
the wireline logs are obtained, numerous sidewall cores help
to further define the pay zones. Since the cuttings and side-
wall cores analyses are very important, accurate lithology
and oil show descriptions from the wellsite geologist are
utilised on all Beruk Northeast wells. Wireline and swab
test from many intervals are the final bases for defining
producible hydrocarbon and water zones.
The ”Top Basement” structure map (Figure 14) shows
that the Beruk Northeast structure is broken into a series of
north-south oriented fault blocks. Most of the faults do
not extend into the overlying Telisa section (Figure 12).
Beruk Northeast wells No. 3 and No. 4 were drilled into
separate fault blocks. A common oil-water interface is
absent in wells No. 3 and No. 4, thereby suggesting that
either the fault separating these two wells is a sealing fault
or the reservoir is discontinuous between the wells. The
oil-water contacts are unknown in wells No. 1 and No. 5
since neither well penetrated the oil-water interface.
The oil produced from the Beruk Northeast basement
reservoirs has a average gravity of 38.3 degrees API and a
pourpoint of 115-120 degrees Fahrenheit, which is similar
to the gravity and pourpoint of most other Coastal Plains
oil fields. The Beruk Northeast oils are probably derived
from the same rich Tertiary shales source rocks as the other
Coastal Plains oil fields. Oil presumably migrated away
from the source area through Sihapas sands or along the
Pre-Tertiary unconformity surface into the Beruk Northeast
basement high. Faults may also act as conduits for oil
migration in this area.
FIELD PRODUCTION
Beruk Northeast No. 1 was placed on production in
 389

early 1981. Initial production averaged about 2200 BOPD this field is relatively small, the existence of nearby pro-
(0.2% water cut). Figure 15 summarizes the production duction facilities as the Beruk-Zammd pipeline encourages
performance of this well. Decreasing oil production together exploration and development of fields of this size. Beruk
with increasing water production has resulted in a relatively Northeast indicates that Pre-Tertiary basement can not be
constant produced fluid gross, indicating that the fault disregarded as an exploration objective in Southeast Asia.
block drained by this well has a very active water drive. Beruk Northeast also serves as a reminder that whenever
Formation pressures declined only 30 psi after one year of feasible, all exploratory wells in Southeast Asia should be
production. To date Beruk Northeast No. 1 has produced in drilled into basement.
excess of 1,100,OOO barrels oil, 640,000barrels water and
42 MMCF associated gas. AU production from this well is
evidently obtained through the naturally-occurringfracture ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
system in the Pre-Tertiary metaquartzites since negligible The authors wish to thank the management of P.T.
matrix porosity exists in the core. Caltex Pacific Indonesia, Chevron, Texaco and Pertamina
Beruk Northeast No. 3 and No. 4 went on stream in for their permission to publish this paper. We also extend
1983 at initial production rates of about 200 BOPD and 25 our thanks to Roger Eubank for his advice and suggestions
BWPD. The relatively low production rates (compared to during the preparation and writing of the paper. The fine
well No. 1) are due to the pow reservoir characteristics of effort and cooperation by the CPI Exploration Division’s
the weathered argillite and granite reservoirs. drafting and secretarial staff are most appreciated. We also
Beruk Northeast No. 5 began production in 1983 at an express our thanks to Chevron Oil Field Research Company
inital rate of 300 BOPD and 40 BWD, however within 3 and LemigasBiostratigraphic Services - Robertson Research
months this well was producing 100% formation water. for the petrographic descriptions and radiometric age dates
Although this well is located within 900 meters of Beruk discussed herein.
Northeast No. 1 and produces from a reservoir litholo-
gically identical to the BeruqNortheast No. 1 reservoir,
the production performance has been totally different
between these two wells. Beruk Northeast No. 5 has pro- REFERENCES CITED
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ment reservoirs can not be overemphasized eventhough core
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W
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FIG. 2 LOCATIONS OF INDONESIAN OIL FIELDS PRODUCING

FROM PRE-TERTIARY BASEMENT ROCKS
 393

RUP~T ISLAND
a>~4""o,.+.e+ee.,
\ N U M ~

| ",~.
,-~..~+o.\ BENGKALIS ISLAND
\ ' I \

~/ COASTALPLA|IiS "|LJ~¢K , \

\ \
I
i

DUll
\ I
I

%
t I PAOANG ISUUIO
%
"\
I
Ii PEDI
I \,- \
I
I \
I
t
I

I
•- , ' \ ~ , ,
I
I
I
k
COASTAL .PLAINS BLOCK
..
/
j.
/ IILMI -
/ I -- -
I

ZAMRUD

II ZAMRUD
SOUTH
RUMOAI
\
~i ~'PEK&NOARU \

\
IIIIPA! l l l l l l , / "
0 KMS 25 "
I 1

FIG.3 +COASTAL PLAINS BLOCK-LOCATIONMAP Bill . . II J . . . . , [I

394

PADANC ISLAND

COASTAL PLAIWS BLOCK

0 KYS 25
m
FIG.4 MAJOR TECTONIC ELEMENTS
(MODIFIED FROM EUBANK+MAKKl,1981 AND LEE.1982 1
I
 395

F16.5 STRATIGRAPHIC CHART OF CENTRAL SUMATRA BASIN

AGE EPOCH sw U NITS LIT ti OLO G Y

NE
PLEISTO-
MHAS FY.AULNtll)rr Gmret,wnd and cby
RECENT

I G PETANI FM. Grtenish 9my thpk,

sandstone and siltstone

SERRdlVAk
LIAN
I" Brownish groy,calcoreous
shale ond.silistont ,
o c ca s iona I It mesto nes

Iv Fine to medium grained

sandsfones and shale
interbeds
UAN Medium to coarse mined sand
=E PI
stone and minor s ole
Groy,cokoreous shale with sow
Stone interbedsand minor
limestone
AQUl = Fine to coarse grained sund-
stone, con glomera tic

Red and green variegated

i--
PALEO- PEMATANG FM. cla stone and carbonaceous
GENE 1
sha e p d fine to medium
grained sandstone

Greywoc ke ,qua r t IIte ,gron Ite

BASEMENT orqifli?e
TERTlM
AFTER: WHlTE(I975) AND W O N G S O S A N T l K O ( 1 9 7 6 ~ ,
TIME SCALE FROM VAIL/ MITCHUM (19791,
EUBANK A N D MAKKt { 1981
396

L
 TABLE 1.
COASTAL PLAINS BLOCK WELL DATA
Sumnary o f Basement Core Data w i t h Aae Dates

Well Name Basement L i t h o l o g y Age Oates

Beruk No.2 P y r i t i f e r o u s s i l t y SHALE, extremely f i n e t o f i n e 54.5 2 0.6 M.Y. ( E a r l y Eocene), by K / A r .
grained, very low grade mctamorphlc argillaceous
rock w i t h a w e l l developed cleavage.

Beruk Northeast No.1 Brecciated METAQUARTZITE, almost e n t i r e l y cocrposed 276 10 M.Y. (Ear1.r Permian), by K/Ar.
o f anhedral auartr; small amount o f nlcaceous
materjal along shears was used f o r K - A r age datlng.
Beruk Northeast No.2 Muscovi t e - t o u r n l i n e GRANITE. 179 f 5 M.Y. ( E a r l y Jurassfc), by K/Ar.

Beruk Northeast N0.3 Arenaceous ARGILLITE. 116 f. 5 M.Y. ( E a r l y Cretaceous), by K/Ar.

Beruk Northeast No.4 Garnet-muscov 1te-tourma 1ine MICROGRANI TE. 203 f 4 M.Y. (Late Trlasslc), by K/Ar.

Muscovite r i c h hornfelsic ARGILLITE. 123 2 6 R.Y. ( E a r l y Cretaceous), by K/Ar.

Beruk Northeast No.5 Brecc i a t e d METAOUARTZITE. Radiometric ape dating not w s s i b l e .

Bungsu No.1 Cataclastlc muscovite GRANITE, o r l g i n a l l y a m d l u 150 + 2 R.Y.

- (Riddle Jurassic), by K/Ar.
t o coarse arained a c i d i c iqneous a l u t o n f c w k
which has undergone severe deformation.

Guntunq No.1 Cataclastic muscovite GRANITE, o r i q i n a l l y a coarse 122 2 2 M.Y. ( E a r l y Cretaceous), by K/Ar.
qralned a c i d i c igneous o l u t o n i c rock which h r s
undergone severe defomatlon.

Pakntna No. Catacl a s t i c tounna 11ne-beari ng u s c o v l t e W I T L 110 t 2 M.Y.

- ( E a r l y Cretaceous), by K/Ar.
which has been a f f e c t e d by conslderrble
def o m t Ion.
Pusaka No 1 Dark grey s i l t y f r a c t u r e d SHALE, s l a t e y an0 Devonlan/Carboniferous boundary age date from
h l g h l y indurated, f l n e l y c r y s t a l 1In c a l c i t e i n gs 1p o l ow.
fractures.

I d r l s No. H y d r o t h e m a l l y o r d i a q e ~ t i c a l l ya l t d n d 208 + 7 M.Y. (Late T r i a s s i c ) , by K/Ar-muscovite.

peraluminous GRANITE c o n s l s ~ l m go f ouartz, 206 T 8 R.Y. (Late T r i a s s i c ) , by K / A r - s l b l t t .
microcline, a l t e r e d olaqioclrse. u s c o v l t e 101 7 4 R.Y. (Late Cretaceous), by K/Ar-microcline,
D y r i t e and apatite. 295 3
z H,Y. (Late Carbonlfcrous), by Rb/Sr

w
W
-3
 \

0 AGE t4.Y.- a /An

PRE-TERTIARY
GRANITE
TUFF
0 QUARTZITE
& DEEP WATER ROCKS I \
0 10 50 100
1
KILOMETERS
---
RADIOMETRIC AGE DATES.
46E
400

3
!i!
Lt
t-
a
a
W
I
t-
a
0
Z
Y
3
oc
W
m
w
I
t-
a
W
>
0
W
1
8a
n
!
a
i
iij
cn

0,

iii
U
3
9
LL
 EAST

FIG. 10 BERUK NORTHEAST FIELD

STRATIGRAPHIC CROSS SECTION
1
402
403
404

FIG. 13 COMPOSITE LOG

BERUK NE. No.4
-
14

S
406

l0,QOO
FIG.6
I BERUK NORTHEAST N0.I
PRODUCTW PERFORMANCE I

I ooc
2
n
\
u)
J
W
K
a I
4 I
m I
I
I

I
'
I

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I 'I
11
I1 I
111
I I 1 I
1981 1982 1983 I984 1985