Taiwan Panorama 2018 Sep

全球．在地．人文
台灣光華雜誌
中華民國107年9月第43卷第9期
中英文北美版
Vol. 43 No. 9 September 2018
CHINESE–ENGLISH BILINGUAL MONTHLY ISSN 1991-525X
9
Taiwan Panorama
ฬ眻
Smart Taiwan
‫ݣ‬傀
智慧台灣
उ૱ጱ 蝱玕抷
‫ܖݣ‬奓而禂翑䋿‫ێ‬
Ոԏ䎦 ʒʒ葦癘
೴䜗๙ 䯤ୌ缱禅褖
中華民國一〇七年九月
第四三卷第九期
建議售價
NT$150
US$5
HK$40
¥600
原創波浪屋
The Wave House

圖／文•莊坤儒　版面設計•王敬勛
年初，在台東市知名景點：鐵
今花村的旁邊，出現了一棟造型 E arly this year, a uniquely styled building ap-
peared near Taitung’s Tiehua Music Village:
the TTStyle Aboriginal Cultural and Creative Hall.
奇特的建築，入內探訪才知道這是
「TTStyle原創館」。 This landmark structure, created from 50 shipping
這棟由50個貨櫃屋及波浪造型屋頂集 containers under a wave-shaped roof, has many
合而成的地標建築，擁有許多原住民 indigenous-themed shops, restaurants, and bars,
特色小店鋪、餐廳、酒吧，讓造訪台 offering another attractive place to visit in Taitung.
東的遊客多了個休閒體驗的好去處。 (photo and text by Chuang Kung-ju/tr. by Phil Newell)
編人的
編者絮話語
智慧城市•永續經濟
文．陳亮君
中華民國107年9月1日出版（月刊）／
中華民國65年1月1日創刊
當全球正興起「智慧城市」風潮時，台灣與守護家園的夢想，在本期《光華》報導
出版者光華畫報雜誌社亦不落人後。隨著政府「亞洲．矽谷」前瞻中將帶您一探究竟。
發行人／吳釗燮
Publisher: Jaushieh Joseph WU
社長／陳銘政性智慧城市的發展規劃，五都也各自成立穿過綠葉繁茂的廊道，胡適身後所增建的
Director: Henry M.J. CHEN
總編輯／陳亮君（代理）
Editor-in-Chief (acting): Ivan CHEN
「智慧城市專案辦公室」來推動智慧城市的陳列室，滿室鉅細靡遺的展板、文物，這
副總編輯／陳亮君
Deputy Editor-in-Chief: Ivan CHEN 建設。些不可多得的書札、文稿、批註等文獻，
文稿主編／曾蘭淑
Editor: Esther TSENG
文稿副主編／郭玉平本期《光華》除了介紹台灣各大城市，如不僅是重要的文化資產，更是後世研究的
Deputy Editor: Camille KUO
文字編輯／鄧慧純陳群芳蘇俐穎
Writers: Cathy TENG, CHEN Chun-fang,
何運用「智慧科技」在防災、交通與空氣品珍貴史料。讓我們藉由胡適故居的專題報
Lynn SU
版面主編／胡如瑜質的控管與防護外，編輯團隊更深入農村，導，緬懷這位集思想家、政論家與外交家於
Director of Layout: HU Ju-yu
美術編輯／蕭郢岑王敬勛
Art Editors: HSIAO Ying-tsen, Henry WANG 第一手觀察物聯網、大數據與智慧機具在農一身的先哲，熠熠生輝的一生；此外，透過
攝影組召集人／莊坤儒
Photographic Coordinator: CHUANG Kung-ju
攝影組長／林格立
業產銷上的發展與運用，以及如何結合漁業攝影之眼，帶讀者前往達悟族的故鄉──蘭
Photographic Director: Jimmy LIN
攝影編輯／林旻萱與紡織業，創造出獨一無二的機能布料，將嶼，一窺達悟族與海洋共存的文化足跡。
Photojournalist: LIN Min-hsuan
* * *
英文編輯／陳瑩潔唐樂榕倪凱駿
English Editors: Audrey CHEN, Robert TAYLOR, 台灣產品，推向國際。
Phil NEWELL
日文編輯／山口雪菜施家騏
Japanese Editors: YAMAGUCHI Yukina,
此外，同樣結合台灣產官學研各領域的能在台灣這塊土地上，蘊藏著豐厚的在地文
Shila SHIH
印尼文編輯／陳德銘量，在駐泰代表童振源的協助下，泰國台化與藝術能量，等待著被看見、挖掘，有
Indonesian Editor: Temmy WIRYAWAN
越南文編輯／武秋香
Vietnamese Editor: VU Thu Huong
灣商會聯合總會成立「泰國台灣高科技中專門從事科學繪圖的專家，也有從事泰語
資深行政編輯／段蜀華
Senior Administrative Editor: DUAN Shu-hwa 心」，延攬了約210位來自不同領域的專家廣播的主持人，更有見證台灣百年林業變
總監／鍾宜蓉
Marketing Director: Carianne CHUNG 人才，突破過去單打獨鬥的局勢，讓台灣的遷的木業人士。
業務協理／陳俊偉
Deputy Manager: CHEN Jyun-wei
綜合服務組長／陳淑英
高科技軟實力，成為台商堅強的後盾。《光華》多年來深入台灣各鄉鎮角落，
Chief of General Affairs: CHEN Shu-ing
綜合服務組／李淑慧 * * * 挖掘不同職人背後的精神與理念，因為這
General Affairs: S.H. LEE
發行組／何世隆
Circulation: HO Shih-lung 位於新竹縣尖石鄉、海拔約1,500公尺的是台灣最真實原味的面貌。當這些與土地
社址／中華民國台灣台北市10051中正區天津街2號司馬庫斯，曾是台灣遺世獨立的部落之一。連結的情感與價值，一點一滴地匯聚起來
Address: No. 2, Tianjin Street, Taipei 10051,
Taiwan, ROC
郵政信箱／10099台北復興橋郵政第8-398號信箱在這裡，居民分擔工作、共用土地、均分所時，將成為海外華人及外國人士認識台灣
E-mail: service@taiwan-panorama.com
PO Box 8-398, Taipei Fuxing Bridge, Taipei City
10099, Taiwan, ROC
得，成功實施了全台獨有的「共營制度」。的橋梁，也將會是一幅幅最美、最動人的
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傳真機／ Fax: +886-2-2397-0655 如何讓出走的族人開始返鄉，實踐永續發展台灣萬象。
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本刊物印刷油墨使用環保認證大豆油墨
Smart Cities, EDITOR’S NOTE
Sustainable Economies
A mid the rise of “smart cities” around

the world, Taiwan is not being left be-
hind. Along with the central government’s
that is unique in Taiwan. We take a look at
how their success is attracting tribe members
who had left the village to come back home
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and the rewards under a cooperative system (Ivan Chen/tr. by Jonathan Barnard)
目次
CONTENTS 中華民國107年9月第43卷第9期 Vol. 43 No. 9 September 2018
6 封面故事 Cover Story
6 城市的進化論
智慧方城市
An Urban Evolution: Smart Cities
文•曾蘭淑　圖•莊坤儒
18 台南紡織業綠實力
廢棄魚鱗變身機能纖維
From Fish Scales to Functional Fibers:
Tainan’s Textile Industry Goes Green
28
文•蘇俐穎　圖•林格立
28 良農不輟耕，科技創豐年
智慧農業
Smart Agriculture:
Farming Goes High Tech
文•曾蘭淑　圖•林格立
40 創造改變的移動新能源
Gogoro不只是機車
Creating Change: Gogoro eScooters
文•鄧慧純　圖•林旻萱
40
影像對話 Photo Essay
56 人之島──蘭嶼
Land of the Human Beings: Orchid Island
圖／文•莊坤儒
編者的話來自地方的明信片
Editor’s Note Postcards from Home
2 智慧城市•永續經濟 1 原創波浪屋 52 月月好讀

Smart Cities, Sustainable Economies The Wave House Variety Pages
文•陳亮君圖／文•莊坤儒李慧宜
封面說明：
台灣注重資訊的開放、科技的應用，讓市民的生活更
便利、舒適。（莊坤儒攝．蕭郢岑設計）
Cover: Taiwan stresses open data and the use of
technology to bring greater comfort and convenience into
citizens’ lives. (photo by Chuang Kung-ju, design by Hsiao Ying-tsen)
島嶼行旅 Around Taiwan
66 彙總新思潮百折猶不屈
胡適故居
Commemorating an Indomitable
Thinker: The Hu Shih Memorial Hall
文•李珊瑋　圖•林格立
76 共營制下的奇蹟
原住民部落司馬庫斯
56
Cooperative Community
—The Renaissance of Smangus
文•鍾孟學　圖•黃仲新
藝文脈絡 Cultural Trends
84 科學繪圖
啟蒙多元世界
Scientific Illustrators—Exploring
Nature’s Diversity Through Pictures
文•鄧慧純　圖•莊坤儒
產業新創 Entrepreneurship
84
96 泰國台商新典範
產官學研共啟產業升級動能
Powering Up: Thailand’s
Taiwanese Entrepreneurs
文•蘇俐穎　圖•林格立
106 見證時代的林業變遷
挑戰木構建築極限──德豐木業
Exploring Wood’s Potential:
Te Feng Lumber Company
文•李珊瑋　圖•莊坤儒
多元族群 Communities
106
116 泰國移工的心靈導師
台泰溝通橋梁──陶雲升
Asoke Srichantr: Spiritual Mentor
to Thai Migrant Workers
文•郭玉平　圖•林旻萱
封面故事　COVER STORY
城市的進化論
智慧方城市
An Urban Evolution:
Smart Cities
文•曾蘭淑　圖•莊坤儒　版面設計•胡如瑜
人工智慧、物聯網、大數據，與雲端運算等科技發展，
如何連結我們的生活，增進城市治理的效率？
「智慧城市」的提案，便是全球各大都市，因應都市發
展的需要與生活環境的變化，運用新科技，進行一波改造
城市的實驗與行動。結合政府的力量、市民的創意，與產
業的能量，探索永續、幸福與科技生活的可能性。
英國文學家威爾斯（Herbert George Wells）19世紀在《未

來的故事》一文中預言，22世紀的都市漫無止境地成長，鄉
間卻荒蕪。都市生活擁擠，充滿壓力，人類卻無法逃離。
威爾斯的預言可能成真，因為根據聯合國預估，2050年全
球將有70％人口居住在都市，2030年將出現43個超過千萬人
的巨型城市。
但為了不讓科幻文學家如此悲傷的預言一語成讖，人
類居安思危，興起「智慧城市」提案，利用資訊通訊科技
（ICT），解決都市愈來愈嚴重的交通阻塞、垃圾、空氣汙
染、能源耗竭。更進一步，勾勒出城市智慧化的願景，帶動
產業創新，同時提供人們舒適便利的生活，達到永續、宜居
的目標。
全球智慧城市，趁勢崛起
智慧城市的定義包羅萬象，工研院產業經濟與趨勢
研究中心主任蘇孟宗指出，智慧城市可以涵蓋資訊城市
（Information City）、數位城市（Digital City）及無所不在
的城市（Ubiquitous City）等，意指利用資通訊技術，應用
在各種城市智慧基礎建設上，達到城市的永續發展，改善人
民生活品質，與提升城市競爭力。
H ow are artificial intelligence, the Internet of
Things, big data, cloud-based computing and
other technological developments linking our lives
In his 1897 novella “A Story of Days to Come,”
British author H.G. Wells describes a 22nd century of
boundless urban growth and rural decay that traps
and improving city administration? human beings in stressful, overcrowded urban lives.
“Smart city” proposals are driving experimenta- Wells’ vision of the future may well hit the mark.
tion and interest in using these new technologies to The United Nations anticipates that by 2030 there will
address the developmental needs and changing liv- be 43 megacities worldwide with populations of more
ing environments of major cities around the world. than 10 million people, and that by 2050 nearly 70% of
Such proposals exploit the power of government, the world’s population will live in cities.
the creativity of citizens, and the capabilities of Smart city proposals seek to utilize information and
industry to explore the feasibility of greater sus- communications technology (ICT) to resolve common
tainability and happiness, and more technology- urban problems: worsening traffic congestion, waste
oriented lifestyles. disposal, air pollution and energy consumption. They
9
智慧路燈除了照明、監控等功能外，
電子看板可同時推播相關市政資訊。
Taipei’s smart streetlights not only illuminate and monitor
their surroundings, but also incorporate screens that
display information about the city.
蘇孟宗說，打造智慧城市，成為全球各大
城市重要的施政目標。歐洲聯盟從2007年開
始推動永續發展的低碳智慧城市，例如荷蘭
的阿姆斯特丹以數個專案計劃，通過節能技
術，降低二氧化碳排放量和能量消耗。美國
西雅圖發展「智慧電網計劃」以節約能源；
日本的「i-Japan」計劃以促進ICT產業的發
展，達到建立智慧型社會的目標，智慧城市
儼然成為全球城市重要發展的策略與趨勢。
行政院2016年底開始請宏碁集團創辦人
施振榮領軍，成立智慧城市推動小組，透過
「亞洲．矽谷」進行前瞻性的智慧城市發展
規劃。五都也各自成立「智慧城市專案辦公
室」來推動智慧城市的建設。
然而全球智慧城市的發展策略也與時俱
進。蘇孟宗主任指出，歐美智慧城市的發
展，逐漸從注重新興科技應用，或是推出
亮點的基礎建設，轉向解決在地問題，透
過建立公民參與、由下而上（Bottom up）
的共享式平台，達到創新經濟、群眾集思
目的。例如倫敦針對市民、企業，提供網
路平台「Talk London Community」，來
共同激發出解決問題的提案；芬蘭創立科
技創業聚會S l u s h，舉辦城市駭客松競賽
（Hackathon），讓有創意的業者加入市政
建設的行列，鼓勵創業機會。
台北市：智慧城市實驗室
台北市2016年設立「智慧城市專案辦公
室」（TPMO），即是以作為一個「媒合平
台」的想法出發，引進新創或科技業者的智
慧應用，來解決市民需求，讓台北市成為一
座智慧城市的「生活實驗室」。
10 台灣光華 Taiwan Panorama 2018/09

also chart out a vision for creating cities that are more
comfortable and sustainable by making them “smart,”
making urban life more convenient, and encouraging
business innovation.
Smart cities take flight
Stephen Su, general director of the Industrial
Economics and Knowledge Center at the Industrial
Technology Research Institute (ITRI), says that city
governments around the world have become focused
on making their cities “smarter.” One aspect of this in-
volves sustainably developed low-carbon smart cities,
which the European Union began promoting in 2007.
Amsterdam, which has been pursuing numerous proj-
ects to use energy- saving
technologies to reduce
CO2 emissions and energy
consumption, provides one
example of the EU’s efforts. 台北市資訊局局長李維斌，打造台北市成為一座
智慧城市的「生活實驗室」。
But the smart city trend Lee Wei-bin, commissioner of the Taipei City
Department of Information Technology, is turning Taipei
isn’t limited to Europe. In into a “living laboratory” for the smart city concept.
the United States, the city
of Seattle has developed a
“smart grid” that helps save
energy. In Japan, the i-Japan and encourages innovative businesses to participate
program is promoting the in city development.
development of ICT busi- A smart-city lab
nesses as a stepping stone Taipei established the Tai pei Smart City Project
to a “smart society.” Management Office (TPMO) in 2016 to match applica-
Smart city development tions from tech companies and other innovative firms
strategies are advancing to city needs. In so doing, it has turned Tai pei into
around the world. Su something of a living laboratory for the smart city
says that in Europe the focus in the development of concept.
smart cities has gradually shifted from emerging tech- Lee Wei-bin, commissioner of the Tai pei City
nology applications and infrastructure construction Department of Information Technology, suggests
to solving local problems. These new strategies are that “smart city” is more process than name, more a
using civic participation and shared bottom-up plat- method than a single objective. “It’s a means of bring-
forms to gather public views and build “innovation ing information technology and innovation into gov-
economies.” For example, London has provided its ernment offices, and of making government’s needs
citizens and businesses with an online platform called known to the private sector.”
Talk London that elicits proposals to solve problems. Over the last two years, the TPMO has promoted
Meanwhile, Finland organizes an annual technology more than 120 smart city projects, including self-
and startup event called the Slush conference, and an driving shuttles, car sharing and motorcycle sharing;
urban hackathon that promotes startup opportunities 26.7% have been considered successful.
11
桃園市設置超過60處雨量／水位偵測器，提供即時雨量、水位及影像等警示數據。
Taoyuan has installed more than 60 networked devices that measure rainfall and detect water
levels, providing real-time warnings about potential flooding.
台北市資訊局長李維斌強調，智慧城市不是一 The city is currently testing smart streetlights along

個名詞，而是一個動詞；智慧城市不是一項目 sections of Jian kang Road in Song shan District and
Zhouzi Street in Neihu.
標，而是一個手段，「將資訊科技與革新帶進公
Leotek, a Lite-On business group, worked with the
部門，把公部門的機會介紹出去」，柯文哲市長
Taipei City Government to install “Smart IoT Shared-
強調的「永續、宜居」才是智慧城市的目標。
Pole Street Lights” along three blocks of Jian kang
總計2年來，T P M O已推動包括無人公車、共 Road. In addition to placing LED streetlights on the
享汽車與摩托車等超過120個以上的智慧城市專 same poles as traffic signals, the poles also include a
案，成功率為26.7%。 variety of Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors that allow
目前在台北市健康路與洲子街設置的智慧路 the city government to remotely monitor air quality
燈，便是正在實驗中的例子。 and traffic conditions in real time.
The other smart streetlight pilot project has IPS and
光寶科技旗下光林照明事業部與台北市政府
two other companies testing lights around Gangqian
合作，在松山區健康路的3個街區，設置「智
慧IoT路燈號誌共桿」示範點，除了實現LED路
燈、紅綠燈共桿之外，還搭載多項物聯網感測
器，市府可透過智慧系統，遠端即時監控空氣
品質與路況。
（左圖）台北市健康路是「智慧IoT路燈」實驗道路。
(facing page) Taipei City is testing Smart IoT Street Lights along
Jiankang Road.
（右圖）民眾下載「桃園水情」APP，即可收到淹水通報、
避難場所資訊。
(right) Taoyuan residents can download an app to receive real-
time information about flooding and evacuation centers.
13
另一處智慧路燈的實驗場域，則是艾普仕等3 眾可以透過空氣盒子APP與網站查看，吸引全省各
家公司在內湖區港墘路與洲子街，嘗試透過路縣市政府共襄盛舉。訊舟科技從善如流，以公益
燈，追蹤銀髮族、寵物的行動，垃圾車與公車專案，從南到北佈設二千多個據點，讓台灣成為
的車流，以及監控路邊停車現況，即時回饋至擁有全球最密集的微型空氣品質監測的國家。
雲端機房，民眾可以透過手機查詢相關資訊。「空氣盒子」也成為智慧城市所強調由政府、
一旦實驗成功，市府計劃將全市路燈逐步升級民間業者與人民共同合作，建立「合作夥伴關係
為智慧路燈。機制」（4P, Public-Private-People Partnership）
的最佳案例。尤其是熱心民眾會主動打電話給學
空氣盒子，公民科技典範
校，通報空氣盒子壞掉了，需要維修，很多環保
「空氣盒子」則是智慧應用方案成功的例團體每天都會關注空氣盒子的數據，討論各地的
子。台灣許多民眾關心空氣品質與細懸浮微粒空氣品質，中研院研究員陳伶志稱空氣盒子是台
(P M2.5)的汙染議題。2016年台北市先在150 灣「公民科技」的成功典範。
個國小，佈設由訊舟科技、瑞昱半導體捐贈的透過智慧城市展，空氣盒子名聲遠播，甚至
「空氣盒子」來監測空氣品質，學校藉此可以還賣到新加坡與韓國。特別的是，韓國的社區
進行環境教育。媽媽透過空氣盒子的品質監測，發現空氣汙染
這台能檢測PM2.5、濕度、溫度的空氣盒子，透很嚴重，還組成社群，集體向韓國政府施壓要
過中研院與民間創客社群「開源公益環境感測網求改善，2017年韓國慶尚南道教育廳還來台灣
路」（LASS，Location Aware Sensing System）合交流。運用互聯網科技的空氣盒子，成為與民
作，分析大數據，將所有監測資訊上網公開，讓民眾生活結合的「參與式感測」。
消防隊員透過「智慧行動派遣119」，可以事先解讀街景實況，預先規劃搶救戰術。
Firefighters use a smart mobile dispatch system to plan their emergency responses and check
traffic information along their routes.

Road and Zhouzi Street in Neihu District that also 桃園水資源回收中心是全台第一個使用物聯網
監測水質的單位，可有效提升管理效率。（林格立攝）
track the movements of senior citizens and pets, the
The Taoyuan water recycling center is the first organization in
current locations of buses and garbage trucks, and the Taiwan to use the Internet of Things to monitor water quality.
(photo by Jimmy Lin)
streetside parking situation. The streetlights’ sensors
report the information in real time to cloud-based
servers that make it available to the public via
their cellphones. If the test is successful, the midity. The Academia Sinica and Lo-
city government plans to gradually upgrade cation Aware Sensing System (LASS),
all of the city’s streetlights to smart lights. a maker group, then use big-data
Citizen tech analysis on the data collected, and
The AirBox is an example of a successful make it available to the public via the
smart application. Many of Taiwan’s citizens AirBox app and the Internet. With
are concerned about air quality and the prob- cities and counties all over Taiwan
lem of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). In 2016, showing interest, Edimax went on to
Tai pei placed AirBox air quality monitors make AirBox a public welfare project
given to the city by the companies Edimax and Realtek and deploy more than 2,000 units across the island,
at 150 of the city’s elementary schools, which use them providing Taiwan with the world’s densest national
to facilitate environmental education. network of PM2.5 monitors.
The AirBox monitors PM2.5, temperature and hu- The AirBox exemplifies the kind of public-private-
15
科技與創意，城市再進化
台灣還有許多城市，結合大數據、物聯網與
AI人工智慧，精進市政建設與服務。例如新北市
「服務雲」、「高雄城市資料平台」都是政府
整合跨局處的資訊，公開屬於公眾的資訊，提
升城市治理效能，也提供更多便民的服務。
還有許多因地制宜的城市創新案例，例如桃
園市民可以下載「水情APP」，有豪雨時可以立
即得知淹水處，參考避難路線，熱心民眾還可
以透過APP通報淹水災情。台南市政府與成功大
學合作，推出「掌蚊人」雲端整合防疫平台，
建置防疫地圖、噴藥地圖等開放資料，做成防
疫APP，強化防疫效能。
桃園市消防局以3年時間整合7個局處、16個
系統，所建立的「智慧行動派遣119」，便是透
過物聯網，蒐集所有的資訊，分析後進行智慧
決策的先例。
以往消防隊員必須翻查清冊，找消防水源系
統。如果火場放置了對消防人員最脆弱的易燃
物與毒化物，例如柴油、硝酸或是甲苯，急如
星火之際，消防人員得翻厚達四百多頁的「參
考書」，針對毒性與使用情形進行交叉比對，
必須分秒必爭的8分鐘過去了。
現在有了「智慧行動派遣119」，119勤務中
心一接到火災或地震等報案電話，現場指揮官
打開APP，對出勤車輛的即時戰力瞭若指掌，可以雲端運算快速將大量車流、人流進行分類，辨
以立即調兵遣將。有毒化物，APP會提醒消防隊識車牌，同時進行遠程追蹤，篩選出可用資訊，
員提高警覺，同時一併分析毒性與救災方式，大幅加快案件處理速度。
指揮官即可採取適合的進攻救火方式。很多交通事故都是因為「搶紅、黃燈」釀禍。
桃園消防局指出，經有效運用APP，黃金搶救工研院資通所研發一套「十字路口防碰撞警示系
時間從104年的521秒，至106年的468 秒，減少統」，先行在新竹縣市6個易肇事的路口設置。
53秒。這套系統可在十字路口偵測危險車輛，在快相
撞前3秒以影音警告駕駛人「有人欲違規闖紅黃
AI監測，安全生活
燈」，預期可降低路口事故車禍達55%，這是台
AI影像辨識的技術大量運用在警政管理與交通灣迎接智慧車聯網時代的最新技術。
安全，強化智慧城市應用。工研院與新竹市警察工研院主任蘇孟宗說：「未來除了單一城市
局、新北市警察局合作運用「DeepLook雲端智的創新應用，也應考慮到能以相同的系統，進行
慧影像分析系統」，當員警需要追蹤違規肇事車跨城市的擴散，才能產生足夠的經濟效益，就像
輛，或是查緝贓車，必須調閱路口監視器時，這 YouBike與大眾捷運結合的智慧交通，以及電子收
套系統運用人工智慧技術，透過巨量資料分析，費ETC，還能向世界輸出，開拓海外市場。」 □

智慧城市最終目標是以人為本，
讓城市宜居、舒適、永續。（林旻萱攝）
The ultimate goal of the smart cities movement is to
put people first by making cities more convenient,
comfortable, and sustainable. (photo by Lin Min-hsuan)
analyze data, then creates a smart resolution sequence to

handle emergencies.
When the 119 emergency services center receives a
call about a fire or earthquake damage, for example, the
commander on the scene consults the system app, which
provides a variety of information, including the real-time
status of response vehicles, that helps speed the depart-
ment’s response. If the center receives a call about a toxic
chemical spill, the app helps the on-scene commander
select the most appropriate emergency response by pro-
viding information on the hazardous substance involved.
The Taoyuan Fire Department says that effective use
of the app cut the average response time from 521 sec-
onds in 2015 to 468 seconds in 2017.
With AI-based image recognition technology now
frequently used for police work, the scope of smart city
applications has expanded further. DeepLook, a smart,
cloud-based image analysis system jointly operated by
the ITRI, the Hsinchu City Police Bureau and the New
Taipei City Police Department, provides one example of
this. When a police officer pursuing a stolen vehicle, or
one that has been involved in a violation or an accident,
people partnership (4P) stressed under the smart city needs to access traffic camera data, the cloud-based
concept. As Academia Sinica research fellow Chen DeepLook system utilizes AI technology and big-data
Ling-jyh puts it, the AirBox is a successful example of analysis to rapidly sort through large volumes of vehi-
Taiwanese “citizen technology.” cle and pedestrian traffic to identify the relevant license
Tech and innovation plate, greatly increasing the speed with which cases are
Many Taiwanese cities are combining big data, the handled.
IoT, and artificial intelligence to improve city govern- The ITRI’s Stephen Su says, “Moving forward, we
ment services and development. For example, New should look beyond the development of innovative ap-
Tai pei City’s cloud services and Kao hsiung’s Smart plications for individual cities, and investigate whether
City portal both integrate and disseminate information we can seed these same systems across multiple cities
from multiple departments to the public to improve city to create economies of scale. Examples might include
administration and provide citizens with convenient smart transportation that integrates YouBike with mass
access to additional city services. transit, or electronic payments, or what have you. We
In Tao yuan, the fire department spent three years could develop foreign markets and export such systems
building a smart mobile emergency dispatch system around the world.” l
that integrates information from seven departments (Esther Tseng/photos by Chuang Kung-ju/
and 16 systems. The system uses the IoT to gather and tr. by Scott Williams)
17
台南紡織業
綠實力
廢棄魚鱗變身機能纖維
From Fish Scales to
Functional Fibers:
Tainan’s Textile Industry
Goes Green
文•蘇俐穎　圖•林格立　版面設計•胡如瑜
紡織業與漁業，乍看距離千里之遙。不過，
在同樣屬於養殖漁業與紡織業重鎮的台南，有著 T he textile industry and
fish farming would seem to be
very remote from each other. But in Tainan, a bas-
紡織產業的第三代勇於創新，將唾手可得的虱目
tion of both aquaculture and textiles, there is a third
魚鱗，以生物技術萃取出「膠原蛋白胜肽」，
generation of textile industry entrepreneurs who are
做成仿生纖維，再經由設計，製成時尚服飾， boldly innovating to connect the two. They have
不僅成為農創應用的典範，也為傳統產業開闢 taken the milkfish scales that are a ubiquitous by-
出新藍海。 product of aquaculture, and used biotechnology to
extract “collagen peptide.” This material is turned
「一開始，只是一個簡單的想法，想為公司 into “bionic” fibers, which are then transformed
創造出商業價值，也為漁民帶來收入來源。」 into fashionable clothing. This sterling example of
applied innovation has opened up new commercial
博祥國際總經理侯二仁這樣說。
opportunities for these traditional industries.
出身台南幫第三代的他，家族與紡織龍頭企業
「台南紡織」淵源甚深。由於求學過程，一路所 “At first, it was just a simple idea: We wanted to cre-
學，都與生技相關，來到創業之際，當時在台灣 ate more commercial value for the company and bring
大學漁業科學研究所攻讀博士班的他，自然而然 in more income for fish farmers,” says James Hou, gen-
連結起兩種產業，將過去總被視為毫無經濟價值 eral manager at Camangi Corporation.
的魚鱗，透過獨家技術，做成兼顧手感與機能的 Born into the third generation of the “Tainan Gang,”
an informal but tight-knit group of business families
紡織纖維「UMORFIL®美膚纖維」。
from Tainan, Hou comes from a family that has had a
long relationship with the Tainan Spinning Company, a
textile industry leader. His academic studies were all re-
lated to biotechnology, so when the time came to launch
a business of his own, Hou, who was then a PhD can-
didate in the Institute of Fisheries Science at National
Taiwan University (NTU), naturally linked together
靈感。侯二仁認為，膠原蛋白的萃取過程，常有
十年磨一劍，來自台灣的纖維
汙染的問題，若製程不乾淨，吃了對人體未必有
從原料、紡紗、織布、染整到成衣，每一件服益；至於坊間常見的膠原蛋白美容保養品，用量
裝背後都意味著一個完整的產業生態鏈，上下游相當有限，對漁民幫助不大。
關係緊密、相互影響。因此，他將膠原蛋白運用在紡織工業上，加
作為紗線纖維的研發者，侯二仁站在紡織產上本身是台南人，先從台南盛產的虱目魚開始著
業的最上游，憑著Umorfil，創造出與整個產業手，向漁民收購廢棄的虱目魚鱗，加工成「膠原
鏈千絲萬縷的龐大商機。他說：「公司年營業蛋白胜肽」原料。現在，Umorfil每個月都有高達
額約2∼3億元，到下游的布料商，約擴大成10 10∼20噸的使用量，除了虱目魚，常見的台灣鯛
倍，也就是20∼30億元；成衣則約是布料的5∼ 也是主要來源，甚至連台灣魚鱗都已供不應求，
10倍。這意味著每年創造出十幾億的產值，相當擴大從國外收購。
驚人！」不只台灣買單，就連一線的國際服飾品要加工的魚鱗，處理程序相當繁瑣，必須先
牌，都是他的客戶。洗淨、乾燥、打碎，再加入酵素作分解；再經過
不過，紡織業界人人都知，每一種新的紗線問純化，成為小分子胺基酸，淘汰不要的，取其要
世，背後無不是漫漫長路的研發過程，為了成就用，進行重組，成為胜肽。再將胜肽分別與不同
Umorfil，從品牌成立至今，也已是荏苒十年。原料進行「仿生高分子聚合反應」，這一套難以
彼時，還在台大漁科所就讀的他，看見日本人仿效的專利技術，就像獨特的印記，為纖維寫下
從鮫魚中萃取膠原蛋白作為食品原料，由此激發屬於Umorfil才有的質感。

（左圖）台南業者聯手，將常被認為是夕陽產業的
紡織業，逆轉為高科技產業。
(facing page) Tainan is a bastion of Taiwan’s textile
industry, and its businesspeople have joined hands to
transform this “sunset industry” into a high-tech sector.
（右圖）來自紡織世家的侯二仁，
對紡織產業抱有特殊的情懷與使命感。
James Hou, the son of a famous family in the textile
industry, has special feelings and a sense of mission
toward this industry.
these two industries. His company takes fish scales, pre-

viously seen as having no economic value whatsoever,
and through exclusive technology, transforms them into
“UMORFIL® Beauty Fiber.”
It takes persistence
From raw materials, to spinning, to fabric weaving,
to dyeing and finally the finished garment, behind each
piece of attire there is a complete industrial chain, with
close relationships and mutual influence between the
upstream and downstream segments.
As a textile fiber developer, James Hou stands at the
most upstream point in the textile industry value chain.
With Umorfil, he has created enormous commercial op-
portunities for the whole of this tightly linked industry. saw the Japanese using collagen extracted from sharks
It is not only Taiwan firms that place as raw material for food products, and got his inspira-
orders; even frontline international tion from that. He decided he would apply collagen to
clothing brands are his customers. the textile industry, and as a native of Tainan, he first
But since the brand was created, he started working with the flourishing milkfish industry
has devoted ten years to making a there. He purchased waste milkfish scales from fish
success of Umorfil. farmers and processed them into collagen peptide. To-
Back then Hou, who was still day, Umorfil requires ten to 20 tons of fish scales each
studying for his doctorate at NTU, month. Besides milkfish, another major source is the
widely farmed tilapia, but by now the operation has
reached the point where the supply of fish scales from
Taiwan cannot meet demand, and Hou’s company has
extended its purchases to overseas.
Processing the fish scales is quite a complicated
Umorfil因具有循環經濟概念，被收
錄於法國LV H M集團的環保素材資 affair. They must first be washed, dried, and ground
料庫之中，供旗下精品品牌使用。 up, after which enzymes are added to break them
Because Umorfil fits the concept of
the circular economy, the French down into individual amino acids. After purification,
business group Moët Hennessy Louis
Vuitton (LVMH) has included it in its
unwanted amino acids are discarded, while the de-
database of ecofriendly materials, for sired amino acids are retained and recombined into
use by the high-quality brands made
under the group’s flag. peptides. Then the peptides undergo “supramolecular
21
U m o r f i l共分為3種，與木漿結合的「再生纖家參展的纖維廠商，在眾聲喧嘩的產業前線，以
®
維」（美膚纖維），親膚性最高，適合做成貼 MIT之名，展現台灣紡織產業的實力。
身的內衣褲；與聚酯纖維結合的「化學纖維」由於使用到動物性胺基酸，Umorfil也在2012年
（UMORFIL T），質地剛韌耐用，適合做成登
®
取得清真認證（Halal Certification），是全球唯
山、休閒等戶外運動服飾；與尼龍結合的「尼龍一一家取得清真認證的纖維產品，因著不少國際
纖維」（UMORFIL N6U ），柔軟度最高，尤
® TM
服飾品牌的工廠都設在土耳其，獲清真認證，也
其適合講究彈性、服貼的瑜珈服。有助於打開中東市場。
憑著3種纖維的特質，再與其他不同纖維搭
紡織廠合作，完美詮釋紗線特性
配，加上不同的織造方式，千變萬化的程度，就
足以符合廣大成衣市場的多樣需求。由於紡織產業作業分工細膩，因此，還在研發
階段，侯二仁便活用台南產業聚落密集的優勢，
綠色纖維，打開全球市場
與多家紗廠、布廠合作，將研發出來的纖維捻成
除了具有寬廣的應用性，Umorfil的高品質與紗、織成布，再來測試成果。
機能性，更是許多設計師趨之若鶩、指定使用
的關鍵。
由於纖維中含有膠原蛋白胜肽胺基酸成分，
和明紡織第三代陳璽年嘗試轉型，
具有細緻柔軟的手感與高度的親膚性，侯二仁積極與上下游廠商合作。
說，Umorfil就像「second skin」，即便是敏感 Tony Chen, from the third generation of the
owners of the HerMin Textile Company, pro-
肌膚的人也可穿著。 actively works with up- and downstream firms as
he seeks to transform his company.
而膠原胜肽胺基酸具有的官能基，可中和身體
產生的臭味，再逐步釋放掉，因此就算運動完
後衣物沒有馬上洗滌，也不會有臭味。加上高
達16∼18％的含水量，遠高於棉花的8％、聚酯
纖維的0.4％，保濕效果優異，除了幫助減緩皮
膚表面的水分散失，也具有抗靜電的效果。且
經由化學反應的膠原蛋白胜肽，將會永久聚合
在纖維上，相較於以塗層的加工方式，可確保
效果不會隨著洗滌次數遞減。
積極打開國際市場的Umorfil，由於以廢棄食
材作原料，具有循環經濟的概念，首先受到重
視環保的歐洲人好評。除了2015年米蘭世界博
覽會，受法國村邀請參展，傳達食物與人的聯
繫，也分別在2015年、2017年法國巴黎國際發
明展奪得銀牌。
又以紡織產業中最具代表的「法國第一視覺紡
織展」（Première Vision Paris，簡稱PV）為例，
一年舉辦兩次的PV展，以嚴格的篩選標準著稱，
參展廠商必須同時兼具前瞻性與指標性，Umorfil
從第一次參展的籍籍無名，乏人問津，到如今成
為PV展的固定班底，可與國際大廠平起平坐，除
了與廠商、設計師交流心得，因著是台灣唯一一

polymerization” with various other raw materials. This 紡織業勞力密集，有意留在台灣的廠商，
無不致力發展獨家技術。
patented technology leaves a distinctive imprint that
The textile industry is labor intensive, so firms that
is not easily replicated by other means, giving Umorfil plan to remain in Taiwan are all striving to develop
exclusive technologies.
fiber its unique texture.
Green fiber, global market
The collagen peptide amino acids that Umorfil con-
tains give it a delicate softness to the touch and make
it highly skin-friendly. The high quality and functional static electricity. In addition, the polymerization pro-
properties of Umor fil are the keys to why designers cess permanently attaches the collagen peptide to the
flock to it and specify it as a fiber of choice. fiber, so that unlike coated fibers, its effectiveness is not
The functional groups contained in the amino acids reduced even after repeated washing.
can neutralize odors produced by the body, then grad- Camangi is actively developing international mar-
ually release them. Therefore even if you don’t imme- kets for Umorfil. Being made from a fish farming waste
diately wash your clothes after exercising there will be product, the fiber embodies the concept of the circular
no bad odors. Furthermore, Umorfil’s moisture capacity economy, and so it had its first success in Europe, where
of 16–18% far exceeds that of cotton (8%) and polyester people tend to be more environmentally conscious.
(0.4%), making it outstandingly effective at preserving Take for example the twice-yearly Première Vision
moisture. Besides helping to slow the loss of moisture Paris, the textile industry’s leading trade show, which
from the surface of the skin, it inhibits the buildup of is famous for its rigorous selection criteria. Exhibitor
23
Umorfil其中之一的合作廠商「和明紡織」，
同樣坐落在虱目魚的主要產區台南七股，成立於
1976年的和明，是一間以梭織起家的織布廠，產
品以西裝、襯衫等正裝的面料為主。
和明雖然以代工為主，但市場區隔明確，具
生產精緻化、高難度的格子布的能力，是許多
國際知名服飾品牌，如Ralph Lauren、Tommy
Hilfiger、Burberry倚重的合作廠商；由於立基高
階市場，在材質上，和明較偏好使用棉、麻、
毛、絲等天然纖維。這些特色，與Umorfil所強調
的精緻度、可生物分解的特質不謀而合。
由於每一款紗線的特性不盡相同，織布廠的任
務，不僅是把纖維織成布料而已，還要透過不同
原料的配比、織造的方式，適切且充分地傳達出
每一款紗線的優勢。
在取得膠原蛋白胜肽紗線以後，和明便著手投
入研發。工務協理莊清煉表示：「這一款紗線比
（上、右圖）Umorfil在國際舞台大放異彩，受到一線品牌器
重。（UMORFIL行銷團隊提供）
Umorfil has been a hit on the international stage, and is prized by
numerous leading brands. (courtesy of Umorfil)
（左圖）Umorfil活用台南在地物產的特性，
成為農創的典範。
(left) Umorfil makes imaginative use of a material
abundantly produced in Tainan, and is thus a fine
example of innovation in farming.
較柔軟，但一來，工廠過去都以生產硬挺的西裝
布料為主，二來，膠原蛋白胜肽紗線價格較高，
所以我們嘗試把這款紗線配上其他原料。」
Umorfil搭配上蠶絲，是雙方的第一次嘗試，
但由於Umorfil的價格已是一般原料的5倍，再配
上昂貴的蠶絲，雖然手感驚艷，卻有價格過高之
虞；至於麻、毛，由於本身質感較刺，搭配後無
法詮釋出Umorfil的柔滑質感，「還是以棉的配合
度最好。」莊清煉這樣說。
不同材質的最佳配比，是每家紡織廠獨門技術
所在，待紡織成面料，必須再針對強度、穩定性
進行測試，從研發到成熟可製作成衣的階段，還
需半年以上的時間。

companies must both be forward-looking and be indi- One of the firms that works with Umorfil, the Her-
cators of future trends. When Umorfil first took part, it Min Textile Company, is similarly located in the major
was little known and drew little attention. Today it is a milkfish-producing region of Tainan’s Qigu District.
permanent fixture at the show, and can stand on equal Although HerMin mainly does contract manufactur-
terms with major international companies. Besides the ing, it has a clear market profile as its sophisticated pro-
opportunity to network with manufacturers and de- duction capabilities enable it to make challenging wo-
signers, as Taiwan’s only fiber supplier exhibiting at the ven plaid fabrics. Many famous international clothing
show, its Made-in-Taiwan products can showcase the brands rely heavily on this firm as a partner. Positioned
capabilities of Taiwan’s textile sector at the front lines of as it is at the top end of the market, HerMin tends to
the industry. work with natural fibers like cotton, linen, wool, or silk.
Cooperation between textile companies This orientation fits right in with Umorfil’s characteris-
Because there is a high degree of division of labor in tics of refinement and biodegradability.
the textile industry, even when his product was in the Because every different yarn has its own unique fea-
research and development stage James Hou took advan- tures, the task of fabric makers is not merely to weave
tage of Tainan’s dense industrial cluster, working with a yarn into cloth, but rather, by skillfully combining dif-
number of yarn and fabric makers to spin his fibers into ferent fibers and weaving methods, to fully bring out
yarn, weave the yarn into cloth, and test the results. the advantages of each type of yarn.
25
高科技纖維透過優異的紡織技術，再製成成衣，
展現台灣紡織產業能量。
High-tech fibers, combined with outstanding fabric
manufacturing technology, demonstrate the capabilities of
Taiwan’s textile industry.
機能布料，為時尚品牌加值
巧合的是，當2014年和明面臨市場競爭壓
力，想由代工轉往經營自有品牌，Umorfil的紗
線，就像來得及時的一陣東風，幫助轉型之路
順利啟航。
「很多代工廠都會嘗試做品牌，但多是運用
現有產品規格，主打布料厲害、價格實惠；但
和明算是小廠，客戶也是以高階品牌為主，所
以訴求大眾化的平價服飾並不合適。」和明紡
織第三代、服飾品牌「Weavism織本主義」經理
陳璽年說。
從母公司的定位作延伸，陳璽年將Weavism定
調為以品牌作為導向，具有設計概念，以機能、
旅遊為主題的中價位設計品牌。而這個服飾，除
了使用到和明本有的生產線，也活用台南紡織產
業的群聚效益，擴大連結其他廠家，包含紗線、
布料、織帶、數位印花、印刷等，當然，Umorfil
也在行伍之中。
We a v i s m 的服飾，約有五分之一採用含有脂滲透到纖維裡，就會發臭；棉雖然沒有這個問
Umorfil成分的布料，「我很在乎運用的『合理題，但容易有濕氣造成的『臭曝味』。」他比了
性』。」陳璽年強調，「不是把同一種布料運用比自家的服飾：「這些衣服，可以同時擁有天然
在所有商品上，而是針對不同的產品，從需求去的手感，穿久了又不會有味道。」
選擇原料。」雖然受到各界的好評，但侯二仁仍謙虛地表
絲巾是陳璽年認為最能體驗膠原蛋白胜肽紗線示，Umorfil能夠在市場上發光發熱，也是時勢造
的一項商品。除了沒有尺寸上的限制，在夏日使英雄之故。
用，除了感受材質所帶來的冰涼感，尤其脖子是畢竟，隨著全球化市場的激烈競爭，機能纖
許多女性常忽略保養的部位，而膠原蛋白胜肽又維的高附加價值，也能為品牌帶來更多商機，
具保濕效果，不論是炎熱的戶外或是乾燥的冷氣即便業務早已拓展至世界各地，與紡織產業淵
房，都不成問題。源甚深的他，堅持k n o w h o w一定得留在台灣，
至於印著象徵七股的黑面琵鷺與虱目魚圖案的讓曾經帶領台灣經濟起飛的傳統產業，在今日
T恤，以及版型寬鬆的運動上衣，最能詮釋消臭仍保有創新價值的競爭力，「美國有美國棉，
效果。陳璽年說：「很多運動服飾會使用聚酯纖奧地利有天絲棉，那台灣，就是Umorfil。」侯
維，聚酯纖維雖然不吸水，但會吸油，穿久了油二仁堅定地說。 □

and part of the third generation at HerMin, defines his
brand as a mid-priced, well-designed brand with func-
tionality and travel as its themes. Besides using Her-
Min’s own production lines, the brand also makes deft
use of Tainan’s textile industry cluster by working with
other firms. Of course, Umorfil is one of these.
About one-fifth of the clothes made by Weavism
use fabrics that include Umorfil. Tony Chen sees light-
weight scarves as the product through which people
can best experience collagen peptide yarn. Besides hav-
ing no size limitations, when used in the summer, one
can feel the cool sensation that the material brings. Es-
pecially when one considers that many women neglect
to take care of their necks, since collagen peptide has
a moisture-preserving effect, the scarves perform well
whether one is outdoors in the hot sun or indoors in
dry air-conditioned spaces.
Weavism’s T-shirts, printed with images of black-
faced spoonbills or milkfish (both representing Qigu), as
well as their loose-fitting sports shirts, best demonstrate
the deodorizing effect of Umorfil. Chen says, “A lot of
sportswear is made from polyester, but while polyester
fibers don’t absorb water, they do absorb oils, and if gar-
ments are worn for a long time then body oils will pen-
etrate the fibers and give off a bad odor. Cotton doesn’t
have this problem, but it easily develops a ‘stink’ created
by moisture.” He compares his own company’s clothing:
“Our clothes have the handfeel of natural fibers, yet they
will not develop an odor even if worn for a long time.”
When HerMin began to work with Umorfil yarn, they Although Umorfil has received great reviews from
first experimented with weaving it in a mixture with all sides, James Hou modestly says that the reason it
silk. But because Umorfil is already five times the price has been able to make such a splash on the market is in
of ordinary yarns, when combined with expensive silk, large measure a matter of fortuitous timing. In the end,
although the texture was stunning, there were concerns in an era of intense competition in a globalized market-
the fabric would be too dear. As for linen and wool, these place, functional fibers’ high value-added can create
fibers’ own rather rough textures made it impossible more commercial opportunities for brands.
to detect the soft and smooth texture of Umorfil in the Even though sales of Umorfil have spread around the
mixes. “In the end it was best to match it with cotton,” world, Hou, who is deeply rooted in the textile indus-
says HerMin junior vice president Chuang Ching-lien. try, insists that the knowhow must be kept in Taiwan,
Technical fabrics add value to fashion so that this traditional industry that once led the way in
By a happy coincidence, in 2014, when in the face of Taiwan’s economic take-off can maintain the competi-
stiff market competition HerMin was looking to create tiveness brought by innovative value. He says with de-
its own brand in order to move away from doing purely termination; “The US has American cotton, Austria has
OEM work, Umorfil yarn came along at just the right Tencel, but for Taiwan, it’s Umorfil!” l
time to help pave the way to a successful transition. (Lynn Su/photos by Jimmy Lin/
Tony Chen, manager of the clothing brand “Weavism” tr. by Phil Newell)
27
良農不輟耕
科技創豐年
智慧農業
Smart Agriculture:
Farming Goes
High Tech
文•曾蘭淑　圖•林格立　版面設計•胡如瑜
「目前飛行高度1米半，每秒3公尺的速度前
進，預備！噴藥！」，身穿G o r e-Te x防潑水外
套、頭戴前後遮蔽圓盤帽的「飛手」（操作無人
唐朝李紳的《憫農詩》說：「鋤禾日當午，機的操作人員），正在水稻田旁操作遙控器，利
汗滴禾下土」，是傳統農耕的寫照。用無人機進行噴藥。
而今日農村，無人機替代農民噴灑農藥與肥「飛手」是農業試驗所的研究助理吳俊毅，他
料，「機器比人準」，可有效降低用量。夜深人表示，以水稻田為例，1甲地農民揹筒或是拉管
靜，屏東內埔茶園滴灌系統自動灌溉，省電又省噴藥，至少要3小時，植物保護機（無人機）在
水。豪雨特報，在智慧禽舍與智慧溫室中，也無上空噴完一圈，大約半小時即可完成。
風雨也無晴，克服了農業靠天吃飯的宿命。這是
無人機施肥噴藥，省力省藥
智慧農業的寫照，「農事生產智慧化，產銷服務
數位化」，也將農業這最古老的產業變成高科技這無人機接著到火龍果園施肥，一分地，不到
的現代產業。 5分鐘就噴完了。稻田與果樹是青農林保沅提供
給農試所進行試驗。4年前，他結束台北公關公
司的業務，返鄉務農，種水稻、絲瓜與火龍果。
以無人機施肥噴藥，省力、省時又省藥。為了防治病蟲害幫火龍果套袋，林保沅掀開
Spraying pesticides by drone saves manpower,
time and chemicals. 防曬手套，手腕上盡是被火龍果枝條上的荊棘
刺的一條一條的傷痕。他說：「因父親年邁，
家裡農作沒有人做，因此回來接手。作農本來
就辛苦，流血流汗沒有關係，但最討厭的就是
噴藥，有無人機可替代，省時又安全。」
台灣目前約有2,500公頃種植火龍果，並
且出口新加坡與日本，屬於高經濟價值的水
果。根據農試所配合面積大小，換算噴藥的濃
度，並且尋找適合以無人機噴藥的劑型與劑量
後，發現縱使減少十分之九的農藥用量，仍可
以達到相同的病蟲害防治效果。主要是無人機
有氣旋，霧粒夠細，較易吸附，不僅可以減少
農藥的用量，對農夫來說，也可以降低用藥
的浪費。
農試所組長郭鴻裕與團隊102年開始進行無人
機智慧農業的研究，無人機可以應用在巡田、
災損調查，到田間噴藥與施肥。目前正研究利
用無人機高光譜辨識病蟲害，就像A I人臉辨識
的道理，透過監測的機制，可以計算密度與防
治的策略。
農試所助理研究員黃毓斌博士指出，現今常因
氣候變遷與外來種的入侵，在農田裡發現某一種
新的病蟲害，農民可以直接拍照、上傳，透過物
聯網（IoT）應用，經過智農系統的分析，發布警
訊，或是進行防治與管理。

“A t midday, sweat drips o’er the soil.” So goes a
traditional description of farming.
But in today’s countryside, drones spread fertil-
Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI). He explains
that it would take a farmer at least three hours to apply pes-
ticides by hand to a hectare of rice paddy, whether he used
izer and pesticides on humans’ behalf. Machines are long hoses or carried a tank of pesticide on his back. On the
“more precise than people,” and they help to conserve other hand, a drone—or “plant protection machine”—can
resources. Take, for instance, the drip irrigation system do the work as it circles above in about 30 minutes.
at the Neipu Tea Plantation in Pingtung, which auto- Drones save manpower and pesticides
matically turns on at night, saving electricity and wa- After finishing this job, the drone is going to a pitaya or-
ter. Or consider the vertical farming performed at the chard to spread fertilizer. There 1,000 square meters can be
YesHealthiFarminTaoyuan.Unaffectedbywind,rain finished in under five minutes. The young farmer Ander-
or scorching sun, it overcomes the traditional farmer’s son Lin has offered his paddy fields and fruit trees to TARI
subjugation to Mother Nature’s whims. With an em- for testing. Four years ago, he ended his public relations
phasis on “smart agricultural production and the digi- career in Taipei and returned to the countryside to plant
tization of production, marketing and services,” smart paddy rice, loofah and pitaya.
agriculture is transforming the ancient profession of He explains: “With my father getting up in age, no one
farming into a high-tech modern industry. was around to do the farm work, so I came back to take
over. Farming is hard work by its nature, and I don’t mind
“Now flying at height 1.5 meters, advancing at three the blood, sweat and tears. But the single task I hate most
meters per second. Ready! Spray!” At the side of a rice
paddy, a drone operator is controlling a drone remotely
to spray pesticide. 機器採茶，一天可以採摘3公頃的茶菁。
The “pilot” is Wu Junyi, a research assistant at the These machines can each pick three hectares of tea in one day.
31
智慧機具，效率決勝
黃博士所說的智農系統，即
是農業委員會推動「智慧農業
4.0」計畫的一個面向。智慧農
業意即以創新科技為基礎，導入
物聯網、大數據、智慧機具與裝
置，達到智慧化生產與管理的創
新農業目標，同時將台灣優質的
農產品推向全球。
中央山脈最南端北大武山下，
屏東內埔的老埤農場，則有智慧
機具的最佳展現。
台灣農林公司2016年購置這塊
七百多公頃的農地時，曾遭到外
界要炒地皮的質疑。但2017年3
月開始種下第一批茶苗，目前至
第4期已開發二百多公頃，已是
台灣最大單一面積的茶場。
台灣農林公司茶葉處經理鄧志
民指出，由於人力的成本太高，
目前世界重要的茶區集中在中
國、印度、肯亞等低工資地區，
採茶的農民一天靠著約合70元
台幣的工資過活。台灣茶要能
在世界勝出，必須要能降低成
本，又製造出高品質的茶葉，
因此老埤農場在開墾之初便引
進系統化管理、機械化生產等
智慧農業的思維。
鄧志民看著一望無際的茶園老埤農場一開始就引進系溉10公頃茶園。每小時固定滴1公升，
統化管理、機械化生產等
說：「我們靠速度決勝。」思維，可以節省人力。沒有種植作物的走道，則是一滴水都沒
The Laopi tea plantation’s
眼前一片綠油油的平整茶園， irrigation system supplies
有。與傳統噴灌系統相比，可以節省
由女性員工操作採茶機，每台 water to 200 hectares and 70％的水。
requires a team of only
採茶車一天可以採摘3公頃的茶 four workers to operate. 鄧志民指出，「滴灌系統，不只省
From its founding, the
菁，傳統的人工採摘，3或4人一 plantation has been looking 水，同時省電、省人力，因為我們透過
to systematic management
組人一天最多只能採收5分地。 and mechanized production 自動控制系統，設定在夜間離峰用電時
to save on manpower.
最特別的是以2億元費用、自段灌溉，除了省電，還可以減少白天灌
以色列引進的滴灌灌溉系統。設溉的蒸發散作用。而且滴灌系統不只灌
於茶樹下的水管，每40公分有一水，同時也可以施肥，達到精準農業的
個滴孔，馬達一開，一次可以灌目標。」

is applying pesticides, and having drones do it for me is Agriculture’s Smart Agriculture 4.0 program, is based
safer and less time consuming.” on a foundation of innovative technology that leads to
After checking the pesticide spraying densities recom- applications drawing on the Internet of Things, big data
mended by TARI in Taichung and seeking spray formula- and smart technology—all aimed at achieving inno-
tions and quantities suitable for drones, they discovered vations via smart production and management. At the
that they could cut nine-tenths of the pesticides they had same time, the program promotes Taiwan’s outstanding
been using but still achieve effective pest control. agricultural products to the world.
In 2013 Guo Horng-yuh, chief of the Division of Agri- The Laopi tea plantation in Ping tung County’s
cultural Chemistry at TARI, and his team, began research- Neipu Township, in the shadow of Mt. Beidawu at the
ing the use of drones in “smart agriculture.” Drones can southern end of the Central Mountain Range, provides
patrol fields, inspect damage caused by weather or pests, an outstanding example of how to employ smart-
and spray fertilizer and pesticides. Currently his divi- agriculture technology.
sion is researching drone-based hyperspectral imaging The Taiwan Tea Corporation planted its first tea
to detect plant diseases. It’s like using artificial intelli- seedlings there in March of 2017. Today, Laopi has more
gence to identify people’s faces. With proper monitoring than 200 hectares of flat land under cultivation, making
mechanisms, they should be able to calculate the extent it the largest tea plantation in Taiwan.
and density of damage and come up with strategies in Steven Teng, a manager at TTC, points out that
response. the Laopi plantation from the start introduced smart-
Huang Yu-bing, an assistant entomologist at TARI’s agriculture concepts involving the mechanization of
Pesticide Research Lab, points out that climate change and production and the digitization of crop data.
invasive species are posing new pest and disease threats Looking out at the endless vistas of tea fields, Teng
to crops. He urges farmers to upload photos of their fields says, “We’re winning by working fast.”
demonstrating the damage. Thanks to Internet-of-Things Amid the green foliage of the tea plantation, women
apps and analysis by smart networks, warnings can be workers are operating picking machines. Each of these
issued, and prevention and control measures can be taken. vehicles can pick three hectares per day. In comparison,
Smart machinery, efficiency gains traditional teams of three or four pickers couldn’t pick
Smart agriculture, as outlined under the Council of even half a hectare.
自以色列引進的滴灌
灌溉系統，透過電腦
設定，於夜間自動灌
溉施肥。
Computerized control
of this irrigation system
from Israel allows for
nighttime drip irrigation
to supply water-soluble
fertilizers.
33
除了田間自動化，老埤農場的目標則要把製茶 Its NT$200-million drip irrigation system imported from
老師傅二十多年的經驗值，做成大數據，透過系 Israel is particularly unusual. The drip irrigation hoses,
which are installed under the tea bushes, have holes every
統調整萎凋、揉捻的次數，作出不同香氣、湯色
40 centimeters. Just turn on the pump and you can irrigate
與風味的茶，達到客製化的目的。
ten hectares of the plantation. Each hour the system pumps
老埤農場未來計劃470公頃全數生產，種植供
out one liter per hole, but the paths between the tea bushes
瓶裝飲料與泡沫紅茶使用的商用茶，包括台茶 don’t get a single drop. The system conserves 70% of the
8、12、20號、大冇與四季春等7種台灣特色茶， water that would be used by a traditional sprinkler system.
預計年產3,000噸茶葉，將成為台灣最大產能的茶 “The drip irrigation system not only saves water; it
園，但對一年喝掉4萬噸茶，其中有3萬噸需進口 also saves on electricity costs and manpower,” notes Teng.
的台灣來說，仍然供不應求。 “That’s because we set it to irrigate at night when off-peak
electricity charges apply—an approach that also cuts down
智慧禽舍、溫室：全環控 on daytime losses of water through evaporation. And we
run fertilizer through the system as well as water, enabling
智慧農業4.0另一面向，是「產銷服務數位
us to achieve our goal of practicing precision agriculture.”
化」，從生產到加工，包裝到銷售一條龍的元進 In addition to automating work in the fields, the Laopi
莊畜產，智慧禽舍的設計，以及通過HACCP、提 plantation’s managers want to record and digitize the
供生產履歷，讓消費者從產地到餐桌增加對食品 experience and knowledge gained by the plantation’s tea
安全的信心，也是智慧農業4.0的目標。 processors over 20 years, and then use big-data computer
元進莊專案主任盧瑋翎指出，傳統露天、開放 applications to adjust the amounts of tealeaf “withering”
and “rolling” to be done after picking. These adjustments
式的家禽場，是1.0的禽舍，容易受到天候影響，
禽舍4.0的設計，採密閉、隧道式的建築，可以有效預防禽流感。
“Smart Poultry Housing 4.0” is based around closed, tunnel-like
structures, which are designed to prevent outbreaks of bird flu.

（上圖）生產履歷的管理，包括冷凍室物品都有條碼管控出貨。
(above) To better control production and understand production and sales trends,
all items at this poultry farm, including those placed in its freezer warehouse, are
barcoded.
（下、右圖）智慧禽舍由電腦控制，自動餵食飼料、飲水。
地板下埋有體重機，偵測家禽每天平均增加的重量。
Smart poultry houses are computerized to dispense both feed and drinking water
automatically. Underfloor scales measure the birds' average daily weight gain.
35
更難以預防禽流感。禽舍4.0的設計，採密閉、隧全環控的智慧溫室系統，在桃園源鮮農場，給
道式的建築，除了自動餵食飼料、飲水，還會自蔬菜生長的空間，則更上一層樓。14層的立體
動量體重，由粗糠作為地板的墊料，底下埋有體溫室，是目前全球層數最多的立體農場，透過
重機，偵測家禽每天平均增加的重量。人為溫度、溼度與風速的調控，創造出仿大自
為了避免外界的汙染，即便是農委會官員參然的微型氣候，可以因時制宜，農場參考「巴
觀，也必須穿著隔離衣，進入禽舍，實際體會克斯效應」播放古典音樂，增加植物吸收養份
「空間的舒適感」。的效率。溫室裡的綠色菜蔬，在微風吹拂下輕
智慧禽舍由電腦自動偵測與控制溫度、溼盈擺動，似乎也在隨著音樂起舞。
度、二氧化碳與壓力差，例如溫度過高時，水
走過生死關，種植無毒蔬菜
簾自動灑水降溫，配合自動啟動風扇，帶入涼
風。因此當夏天室外高達攝氏三十多度時，禽「當初只是想種菜給自己吃！」10年前，源
舍總是維持26~27度。環境舒適，雞、鴨比較會鮮集團董事長蔡文清因肝臟長滿腫瘤，被2家大
生蛋。醫院醫師宣判唯有換肝才能活命，「我當下眼
淚快噴出來，我6歲沒了父親，13歲當學徒，21
歲創業，一生沒有懈怠過，44歲公司上興櫃，
醫師卻宣判我死刑，人生太不公平了！」
蔡文清又快又急地說著當初種菜的緣由，
「但當時卻面臨大陸強力取締器官捐贈者，等
不到肝，我開始嚐試『生機飲食自然療法』，5
個月後，居然不藥而癒。」
走過人生生死那一關，蔡文清領悟了希臘醫
聖希波克拉提斯所說：「食物就是你的藥，藥
就是你的食物」，改變飲食是身體自癒的第一
步。在生病時，為他打蔬果汁的太太經常買不
到完全無毒、無農藥的蔬菜。蔡文清因此辭去
光電公司的董事長，一心一意只想種出「安
全、無農藥、零大腸桿菌、低硝酸鹽、低生菌
數」的蔬菜。
一開始蔡文清種在溫室的蔬菜，縱使網子圍
得再密，一樣被蟲子吃光光；轉進「水耕」，
專家警告他不要作無謂投資，因為水菌共生的
原理，不用藥，逃不過三年魔咒，菜苗要再長大
就得用藥。
（左圖）透過智能監控與大數據分析等科學方法，提升產能。
(left) A scientific approach that leverages smart management and
big data can raise productivity.
（右圖）透過調整12道光譜的人造太陽，可以種植不同季節
的蔬菜。
(right) With 12-channel-spectrum LED lights, YesHealth creates
artificial sunlight that allows the farm to grow vegetables out of
season.

will allow for customization, yielding leaves that brew with 源鮮農場透過人為調控溫度、溼度與風速等，
different aromas, colors and tastes. 創造出仿大自然的微型氣候。
Through artificial control of temperature, humidity and airflow,
Taoyuan’s YesHealth iFarm boasts a fully controllable the YesHealth iFarm can mimic natural microclimates.
smart farm system. With 14 levels, this vertical farming facil-
ity has more levels than any other greenhouse in the world.
Its artificially controlled temperature, humidity and airflow Life changes after confronting death
settings give it an ability to mimic natural microclimates. “At first, we just wanted to grow vegetables for our-
Drawing on understanding of the “Backster effect,” the farm selves!” says Winston Tsai, president of YesHealth, about
plays classical music at varying tempos to enhance plants’ his motivation for founding the farm a decade ago. Doc-
absorption of nutrients. The vegetables in the greenhouse tors at two major hospitals had looked at the tumors in
sway gently in the breeze as if dancing to the music. his liver and considered him a terminal case. “I almost
burst into tears: At six I lost my father; at 13 I became
an apprentice; at 21 I opened a business. My whole life I
never slacked off. At 44, when the company I was leading
had just been listed on the emerging stocks market, the
doctors gave me a death sentence. Life was too unfair!”
Speaking rapidly, Tsai tells of his original desire to plant
vegetables. “Back then we were faced with a ban on organ
donations from mainland China. Seeing that I would have
a long time to wait for a liver, I began to try a naturopathic
therapy that emphasizes a raw organic plant-based diet.
Five months later I was healed without medicine.”
Having approached death’s door, Tsai came to under-
stand the injunction of Hippocrates, the ancient Greek sage
regarded as the father of Western medicine: “Let food be
37
智慧農業，台灣發光
還有種子本身含有細菌，導致不用農藥，蔬菜
也長不好。蔡文清因此去中興大學植病系上課，
帶著研發團隊向中興大學蔡東纂教授請益，蔡老
師被蔡文清的善願感動，願意提供微生物菌種的
技術，解決了「微生物拮抗」的難題。
蔡文清進一步解釋，透過蔡東纂所研發的48支
強勢菌種，有益微生物佔好地盤後，即可抑制有
害微生物的生長，達到不用農藥即可防治病害的
目的。此外，透過灌溉發酵後的液態肥，有如提
供植物維他命酵素，可以分解蟲卵與蟲殼的幾丁
質，達到防治蟲害的目的。
不只是善願感動天，而是蔡文清「不放棄」的
精神，連著4年的請益，蔡文清笑著說：「我成
功地學以致用，因此蔡東纂老師說，我是他教過
讓他最有面子的學生。」
源鮮農場為了增加產量，每天記錄光照度、溼
度、溫度、養液濃度，透過參數的調整，將每單
位面積的產量從600公克提升至2,400公克。透過
智能監控與大數據分析，科學化提升產能，目前
400坪種植面積的農場，一天可以生產1,600公斤
的菜蔬。
蔡文清說，因為從事電子產業時，客戶每季都
要求降價，因此養成隨時追蹤更便宜物料，與提
升產能效率的思考習慣，把從事科技業的慣性用
在農耕上，「傻傻地記錄了6年，發現原來這叫
大數據分析」。
此外，人工太陽的技術是仿太陽光的12道光
埔里茭白荀利用人工光照調節產期，譜，透過螢光粉調和LED燈，但拿掉會曬傷植物
每年收成從2次增加4次。
The use of artificial lighting has increased harvests of Puli’s
的紅外光與紫外光，產生適合不同植物的光源。
water-bamboo crop from two to four times per year. 例如調成秋、冬的光譜，即可以在夏天時種茼
蒿；羽衣甘藍用的是接近澳洲的太陽光譜；名為
「義大利綠精靈萵苣」運用接近倫敦的陽光來照
「人只要有善願，天必從之」蔡文清說，「正拂；也因為如此，蔡文清說，「只要有人類城市
當我發愁時，就這麼恰巧，我生命中的貴人、介的地方都可以複製。」因而吸引必須常年進口蔬
紹生機飲食給我的陶君亮董事長，返台飛機上，菜的加拿大、丹麥、英國的投資者，來台灣洽談
一旁坐著移民英國24年的王望南教授，健談的二合作投資。
人居然聊到我種菜遇到的困難……」蔡文清在此這樣的智能農場，一年365天可以天天播種，
機緣下求教於王望南，他所研發的人工太陽與奈天天採收。這也是智慧農業的目標，可以順天
米氣泡的技術，解決了水菌共生的難題。時、應地利，可以一畦春韭綠，十里稻花香。 □

毛豆在4小時內完成採收到
冷凍加工，是台灣毛豆在國
際市場勝出的關鍵。
One of the keys to Taiwan’s
strong position in the global
edamame market is that no
more than four hours elapse
from picking to freezing.
thy medicine and medicine thy food.” Changing one’s diet strains among them release an enzyme that degrades the
is the first step toward healing oneself. Consequently, Tsai chitin in insect exoskeletons and egg shells, achieving pest
left his job as president of an optoelectronics firm and com- control. It thus becomes no longer necessary to use pesti-
mitted himself single-mindedly to producing fruit that had cides. The protective microbes are delivered to the plants
zero pesticide residue, zero contamination with the fecal together with liquid fertilizer by the irrigation system.
bacterium E. coli, and low levels of nitrates and bacteria. Tsai’s scientific approach employing computerized
“When people have good intentions, Heaven will monitoring and big-data analysis have raised the farm’s
help,” avers Tsai. “It just so happened that Eddy Tao, the productive capacity such that its 1,300 square meters now
CEO of Novatec Yachts, who introduced naturopathy to yields 1,600 kilos of vegetables per day.
me, ended up sitting next to Wang Wang Nang, a profes- What’s more, the farm’s 12-channel-spectrum LED
sor who had emigrated to Britain, on a flight back to Tai- lights, which make use of fluorescent powder coatings,
wan. The two ended up discussing some of the problems I can imitate sunlight—but without the infrared and ultra-
was having growing vegetables.” Thanks to this fortuitous violet light that can burn plants. The lighting, moreover,
encounter, Tsai asked Wang for help, and Wang’s artificial can be adjusted to suit different plants. For instance, by
sunlight and nanobubble technologies solved the issue of imitating fall and winter sunlight, the farm can grow
waterborne bacteria. crown daisy in summer. “We can replicate the conditions
Taiwan shines at smart farming of any location,” says Tsai. As a result, investors from
Some seeds themselves bear bacteria, causing vegeta- places that have long had to import vegetables—Canada,
bles to grow poorly if chemicals are not used. To better un- Denmark, and the UK—have come to Taiwan to negoti-
derstand these issues, Tsai took classes in the Department ate investment partnerships.
of Plant Pathology at National Chung Hsing University. With smart greenhouses such as these, it is possible to
He also brought his R&D team there to get extra instruc- plant and harvest 365 days a year. That attribute under-
tion from Professor Tsay Tung-tsuan. Moved by Tsai’s scores another goal of smart farming—to be able grow
good intentions, Tsay provided the farm with “antagonist” food quickly and in a manner that makes the most effi-
microbial strains with anti-insect properties. cient use of land. A verdant and bountiful agricultural
Tsai explains that with the 48 strong strains that Tsay has future beckons. l
developed, once the microorganisms are well established (Esther Tseng/photos by Jimmy Lin/
they can suppress the growth of pathogens. The anti-insect tr. by Jonathan Barnard)
39
創造改變的
移動新能源
Gogoro不只是機車
Creating Change:
Gogoro
eScooters
文•鄧慧純　圖•林旻萱　版面設計•胡如瑜
全球空氣汙染日益惡化，使歐美各國相繼宣 2016年，一群G o g o r o的車主自發性地在三重
布在2020∼2040年間全面禁售汽、柴油車，台集結，再一起騎下台北大橋，電動機車不會排放
灣政府也明令於2035年禁售燃油機車。時程表已廢氣，而且騎乘時安靜無聲，創造出不一樣的機
定，相關替代方案順應而出。其實中華emoving 車瀑布。2017年更有超過500名來自北中南各地
早在多年前進入市場取得先機，老牌車廠光陽機的車主參與台北大橋快閃活動，他們稱這是一場
車擁有55年的製車歷史也不容小覷，但近三年異「寧靜革命」，也希望未來此情此景能成為台北
軍突起的Gogoro以獨創的能源網路系統與饒富科的日常。
技感與時尚造型橫空出世，撼動二輪機車市場版
重新定義二輪機車
圖，也加速電動車產業的發展。
台灣是機車大國，2,300萬的人口擁有一千六百
台北大橋的機車瀑布是許多機車通勤族的記多萬輛機車，平均每兩個人就擁有一輛機車，機
憶，這串連新北市三重區與台北市大同區的橋車是台灣民眾生活日常最重要的移動工具。不僅
梁是雙北市民上班的路徑，尖峰的通勤時間，於此，機車在台灣是獨立、自主的象徵，幾乎每
大批過橋的機車停等著紅綠燈，一眼望去如機位滿18歲的年輕人，人生第一件大事就是考駕
車瀑布。置身車陣中，機車催動引擎的噪音、照、買機車；也有研究者將女性行動自主權與機
排氣，也是市井小民不得不忍受的日常，國民車扣連。機車是方便的代步工具，但不可避免的
導演吳念真編導的《人間條件6》以此景為宣傳也帶來噪音和汙染。而今Gogoro出現，重新定義
海報，許多外籍記者來訪，也都指名要拍攝如二輪機車的符號意涵。
此機車大軍。讓機車與環保相扣是Gogoro改變世界的切入角
度。能源是當今全球關注的重要議題，能源危機
不只是能源短缺，還包括污染問題。目前機車的
動力來自燃燒汽油，雖然價格低廉，卻會在空氣
中產生污染的懸浮微粒。電動機車改以電力為動
力，是相對環保的方式。爰此，Gogoro選擇從電
動機車出發，如果讓馬路上的排氣管都消失的話，
是否就可以有效減少地球環境的污染，創造的影
響是不是會更大？Gogoro行銷總監陳彥揚解釋。
將對地球環境的關心灌注在二輪機車的設計
中，是Gogoro的初心；但市場能否接受又是另一
個議題。
從2015年產品推出，到今日Gogoro已擁有八萬多
的車主，三年內成為國內第四大機車品牌，大家對
Gogoro的接受度越來越高，也意味著對地球環境的
改變越來越顯著。
這情況與G o g o r o車體的設計感緊密相扣。陳
彥揚訪談過許多車主，購買Gogoro的動機，得到
換電模式其實是來自於「共享經濟」的概念。
Gogoro’s method for swapping batteries draws on concepts from
the sharing economy.

T aiwan’s government has decreed that no new 電動車的車主共創一場台北大橋的「寧靜革命」。
（Gogoro提供）
fossil-fuel motorcycles or scooters will be sold Electric scooter owners celebrated a “silent revolution” at the
here after 2035. With that deadline set, alternatives Taipei Bridge. (courtesy of Gogoro)
have begun to appear. China Motor Corporation gained

first-mover advantage when its “e-moving” business
group entered the market some years ago, and Kymco’s surrounded by the noise of running motors and the stink
55 years of motor cycle manufacturing experience of exhaust, is a daily trial for countless ordinary citizens.
cannot be discounted. But over the last three years a In 2016, a group of Gogoro riders created a new kind of
startup named Gogoro has leapt to the forefront of Tai- “scooter waterfall” by gathering in Sanchong, New Taipei
wan’s e-scooter market. The company's tech sensibility, City, and riding their silent, exhaust-free scooters across
fashionable styling, and unique charging network have the bridge into Taipei City. In 2017, more than 500 Gogoro
shaken up the market and boosted the development of owners from all over Taiwan came together for another
our electric vehicle industry. flash event on Taipei Bridge. Calling their gathering a “si-
lent revolution,” participants expressed the hope that their
Many of Taipei’s scooter-riding commuters are all too quiet commute would become Taipei’s new norm.
familiar with the Taipei Bridge “scooter waterfall.” During A new kind of scooter
peak commuting hours, the huge numbers of scooters Two-wheelers are ubiquitous in Taiwan: our 23 mil-
coming down the ramp off the bridge resemble a two- lion people own more than 16 million of them. They also
wheeled cataract. Sitting waiting for the lights to change, occupy a place in our cultural iconography as symbols of
43
最多的答案是「科技感」三個字。Gogoro把機車他槽孔會再跳出兩顆飽電的電池，再裝回車內，
改造得不一樣了。渾圓的車體、超跑級鋁合金車就可以繼續上路。
架、大膽用色，再加上對細節的注重，Gogoro 1 Gogoro的車體和電池內建許多感應器，感應器
系列像是精雕細琢的精品。Gogoro 2系列更傾聽收集使用者騎行模式的資料，再彙集成大數據，
市場的聲音，考量不同騎乘者的需求。「說教畢大數據分析能協助業者進行下一階段的決策及優
竟太沈重」，陳彥揚說，環保訴求在民眾的購買化系統。
行為中並非首要考量，Gogoro則選擇另一種說故陳彥揚表示，Gogoro目前已在全台配置了六百
事的方式，以設計感與民眾溝通，「你可以選擇多座換電站，累積至今（7月中旬）已超過152萬
做對的事情，但是你要有技巧地說對的話。」陳顆電池交換。每顆電池記錄著騎士更換電池的模
彥揚說。式，如時段、使用天數、騎行距離等資料，透過
充電站回傳雲端記錄，在騎士的手機App上就能
不只是機車，還很SMART
清楚瞭解自己的騎乘資訊。系統自主運算，調配
2015年，首度在全球最大的國際消費電子展各換電站的充電，確保滿足尖峰時段的換電需
（Consumer Electronics Show, CES）中亮相的求。大數據的分析有助於瞭解消費者的電池交換
Smartscooter隨即驚艷各界，拿下「年度金獎」及行為，使廠商能更有效運用電池，維持能源網絡
「設計金獎」兩大獎項。而打造這一輛技驚四座平衡。
雙輪電動車的人是陸學森及其團隊。他在香港出 Gogoro的換電模式其實是來自於共享經濟的概
生，中學移居美國，學的是工業設計，職涯卻一念，消費者不直接擁有電池，電池統一由Gogoro
路從Nike、微軟到宏達電不斷跨界，最終選擇在管理、保養，向消費者收取的是電池的服務費，
台灣創業，將各種稀奇古怪的創意投注在傳統的他們並不把自己視為機車的製造商，而更傾向以
雙輪機車上。「能源管理公司」來定位自己。
面對電動車的供電方式尚在換電或充電兩系統以創新的產品及電池交換模式，Gogoro成功改
間爭議時，Gogoro率先採用換電系統，使用松下寫電動機車充電慢、續航力不足的傳統
的鋰電池，並自行研發換電系統。儘管換電站建印象，獨創的能源網路系統、佈
置的成本較高，但換置電池方便，只要把車騎到建的換電站不僅作為電動車的
GoStation（換電站），後勤系統，未來更將為建構
將電池取出，放入綠能智慧城市而準備。
槽孔，系統會自
動檢視記錄電
池，六秒後，其
機車變得不一樣了。科技感的車體、
精雕細琢的每個細節，一上市就擄獲消費者的心。
A new kind of scooter! Gogoro’s “high-tech” styling and
attention to detail won over consumers the minute the
scooters were released.
設計出有趣的產品也是Gogoro的精神，一如陳彥揚留下這張有趣的畫面。
Gogoro has fun in its blood, as marketing director Yang Chen demonstrates in this photo.
freedom and independence, making the act of obtaining air pollution. E-scooters are powered instead by electric-
a driver’s license and buying a scooter a rite of passage ity. Gogoro marketing director Yang Chen says that the
for nearly every Taiwanese 18-year-old. Researchers company wondered whether the reduction in exhaust
have even connected scooters to the behavioral auton- emissions that would result from getting commuters onto
omy of women. But for all that scooters provide a con- electric scooters would effectively reduce global environ-
venient means of getting around, they also create a great mental pollution.
deal of noise and pollution. Gogoro is changing that. Believing that it would, the company applied itself to
The company’s starting point for achieving positive “environmentally friendly” scooter design, while also ad-
change is to link scooters and the environment. Con- dressing concerns about how the market would respond
ventional scooters, though inexpensive, are powered by to such scooters.
internal combustion engines that burn Gogoro has grown into Taiwan’s fourth largest scooter
fossil fuels, creating particulate brand since launching its first product in 2015.
Much of that success can be traced to how the company
designed its scooter’s body. Owners interviewed about
their reasons for buying a Gogoro most frequently cited
the firm’s “tech sensibility.” Unlike conventional scoot-
ers, Gogoro’s first-generation scooters feature a rac-
ing-grade alloy frame, bold colors, and a high level of
attention to detail. The company then listened closely
to the market and designed the second generation, the
Gogoro 2, for a different kind of rider. “We learned that
people don’t want to be preached at,” says Chen. Since
most consumers aren’t thinking of the environment when
they go shopping, Gogoro refocused its product narrative
45
維修區窗明几淨。
A clean, well lighted repair shop.
車主們對產品的認同表現在熱情參與各式的車聚活動。（Gogoro提供）
Gogoro owners identify strongly with their scooters, as demonstrated by their enthusiastic
participation in a variety of meetups. (courtesy of Gogoro)

on design. “You can choose to do the right thing, but
彈性應對各地市場
you still need the skill to say the right thing.”
Gogoro在台灣的實驗場域已經站穩腳步了，實 A smart scooter
踐換電系統是可行的作法。下一步，面向世界。 Gogoro’s smart scooter surprised everyone when
the company introduced it at the 2015 CES in Las Ve-
德國柏林是G o g o r o跨入歐洲的第一站，與
gas. Company cofounder Horace Luke had designed
B o s c h旗下子公司C o u p合作，以租賃方式營
the scooter with his team, and incorporated all kinds of
運。陳彥揚解釋，G o g o r o始終保持商業模式上
quirky innovations into the design.
的彈性；台灣擁有厚實的機車文化，可以一人 Luke himself was born in Hong Kong, but moved
擁有一輛專屬的電動機車，但在歐洲機車並非 to the US while in middle school. He went on to study
當地主要的移動工具，G o g o r o則採機車共享的 industrial design, and worked for Nike, Microsoft and
方式提供服務。歐洲民眾擁有相當高的環境永 HTC before starting his own business in Taiwan.
續意識，同樣能達成推動從燃油車轉到電動機 Designers face a perennial question when developing
e-vehicles: whether to “refuel” them by swapping out
車的目標。繼柏林之後，第二座城市是法國巴
their batteries, or by recharging the batteries in situ. Go-
黎，而今年夏天西班牙馬德里的街頭也能看到
goro chose to pioneer the use of battery swapping, and
Gogoro時尚的身影。 developed its own system using Panasonic lithium-ion
亞洲市場則拓展到日本沖繩的石垣島，與日本 batteries. It then built a network of battery-swap locations
住友商事集團合作，在幅原不大的石垣島設置了 to make “refueling” very convenient for customers. The
四個換電站，租賃模式適合小島旅遊。 system is so easy to use that it takes riders only about six
seconds to swap their batteries and be on their way again.
Users pay a fixed monthly charge for battery swaps.
Gogoro also installs numerous sensors in its scooters’
從哪個角度看車體都很
bodies and batteries to gather data on users’ riding styles.
時尚。（Gogoro提供）
Gogoro scooters look After big-data analysis, this information helps the com-
hip from every angle.
(courtesy of Gogoro) pany plan system upgrades and business developments.
Chen says Gogoro currently has over 600 “GoStations”
around Taiwan that have facilitated more than 1.52 million
battery changes. Every battery records the details of its
swaps, including the time, the number of days it was used,
and the distance ridden. Swap stations upload this data to
cloud-based servers, which use it to manage recharges at
swap locations and ensure there are enough charged bat-
teries to meet demand at peak times. This enables the com-
pany to more efficiently manage its batteries and maintain
a balance throughout its battery swapping infrastructure,
which it calls the Gogoro Energy Network.
Gogoro’s battery swapping method draws on
ideas from the sharing economy.
Users don’t own, manage or
maintain the batteries;
Gogoro does, thinking
of itself as more of an
energy management
company than a scooter
manufacturer.
47
從台灣到國際，台灣的
設計也為地球環境盡一
份力。（Gogoro提供）
Taiwanese design is
improving the environment
both at home and abroad.
(courtesy of Gogoro)
2016年，Gogoro開始佈局海外市場，目前設置這一切改變得以成就，「來自台灣是一個很願
在海外的車輛已經有四千多輛了，用智慧雙輪打意接受創新想法的地方。」陳彥揚說。過去數十
造更美好世界的願景，Gogoro正一步步跨出。年厚實的電腦、智慧型手機、半導體產業，成就
陸學森曾在媒體上預告下階段目標將前進東台灣成為一個名副其實的科技島，是發展新創的
南亞。陳彥揚進一步闡釋，台灣去（2017）年絕佳後盾。G o g o r o所有的零組件，除了電池以
賣出一百萬輛摩托車，而東南亞的市場是台灣外，百分百Made in Taiwan。
的17倍，它是一個能夠創造規模經濟與創造影台灣同時也是孕育新創的搖籃，當新創業者
響力的市場。在台灣實現概念，在當地市場練完兵之後，台
東南亞街道上的機車大軍並不能單從當地的經灣是往海外發展很好的基地。因此「台灣跟
濟情況解釋，二輪機車或許是最適應當地地形、 G o g o r o是互為彼此很重要依存的夥伴關係。」
環境的選擇，而二輪機車產生的污染問題同樣是陳彥揚補充。
當地政府勢必面臨的考驗；Gogoro研判，電動機 G o g o r o的網站上，記錄現有車主騎行累積的
車才是未來解決東南亞都市規劃、智慧城市建設總里程數，七月中旬已達到兩億九千三百萬多公
最合適的解決方案。里，可繞行地球7,334次，二氧化碳總排放量減少
Gogoro開放換電系統標準，不收取任何權利兩千四百多萬公斤，等於減少每年約兩百四萬多
金，藉此吸引有興趣的廠商加入電動車的研發，棵樹的吸收量，而且每秒鐘數字仍不斷變化著，
組成台灣團隊，開發國際市場。Gogoro本來要做這意味著每位車主的行為都為地球的環境改善貢
的就是一個系統平台，像Android一樣，各家廠商獻一份心力。
能發揮自己的創意。陳彥揚強調：「Gogoro成功筆者問Gogoro算成功了嗎？陳彥揚以他的老闆
不代表什麼，Gogoro怎麼跟台灣的夥伴一起成功陸學森為例，「他這個人不會有成功的一天，因
這才是重點。」為他永遠都在做最新的東西……而且成功不在於
你成就什麼，而是你有沒有找到下一個可以影響
改變的起點
世界的切入點，所以這條道路是不會停的。」這
今年六月，Gogoro新車市佔率達到8.14％（計句話不僅只描述陸學森個人，也適用於鼓舞地球
算新車掛牌率），是創立以來最高的數字，三年上的每一個份子。那怕是再小的力量，每個人都
內從零成長到超過八萬輛。能成就一個更美好的世界，願改變成真。 □

Flexible responses tion
Gogoro’s implementation of a viable battery swapping to the re-
system has earned it a place among Taiwan’s innovators. gion’s urban planning and
Its next step is to take its system worldwide. smart city development issues.
Chen says Gogoro has a flexible business model. In Gogoro has released the stan-
Europe, where scooters are not a major means of getting dards for its battery swapping system,
around, it has opted to provide scooter sharing services. The and collects no licensing fees, in hopes of encouraging
company initiated its European operations in Berlin, work- other companies to get involved in electric vehicle R&D
ing with Coup, a Bosch subsidiary. It has since extended its and in developing the international market. Chen says, “It
operations to Paris, and expects to move into Madrid this doesn’t mean anything if Gogoro succeeds on its own. The
summer. It has also expanded into Japan, working with the key is to figure out how we can succeed together with our
Sumitomo Corporation on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa. Taiwanese partners.”
Gogoro began operating in overseas markets in 2016, Changing the starting point
and has since distributed more than 4,000 vehicles abroad, Based on new vehicle registrations, Gogoro accounted
working towards its vision of using smart scooters to build for 8.14% of Taiwan’s new motorcycle and scooter sales
a better world. in June 2018. The figure was a new high for the company,
Luke has stated that Gogoro’s next objective will be which has put more than 80,000 scooters on the road in the
Southeast Asia. He believes e-scooters offer an ideal solu- three years since its first product launch.
Chen says this achievement stems in part from Taiwan’s
willingness to accept new ideas. The success of Taiwan’s
personal computing, smartphone and semiconductor indus-
tries in recent decades has turned us into a technology island
both in name and in fact, and supported the development of
still more innovations. For example, all the parts used in Go-
goro scooters, except the battery, are made in Taiwan. Our is-
land is an incubator for innovation. Entrepreneurs can bring
their ideas to life and learn the ropes in our local market,
then use Taiwan as a base to expand overseas. Chen adds,
“Taiwan and Gogoro are mutually dependent partners.”
Gogoro’s website tracks the total distance traveled by
Gogoro riders. The more than 293 million kilometers the
scooters have been ridden as of mid-July 2018 has reduced
tailpipe CO2 emissions by more than 24 million kilograms.
As these figures continue to rise, every owner’s behavior is
contributing to improving the global environment.
When I ask whether this means Gogoro is a success,
Chen mentions his boss. “Horace is always moving on to
the newest thing, so he never considers success to have
been achieved.” Chen adds, “[For him,] success isn’t what
you’ve accomplished. It’s an endless road, the starting point
you’ve yet to find for your next effort to impact the world.”
The sentiment applies not only to Horace Luke himself, but
to every person on Earth. Everyone who wants to make
change happen can contribute to building a better world. l
與手機App連線，能了解車況、騎乘里程、預約維修等。 (Cathy Teng/photos by Lin Min-hsuan/
Owners can use the Gogoro app to track their scooter’s condition
and mileage, as well as to schedule maintenance.
tr. by Scott Williams)
49
好讀
霜降．露天的超級市場 ◎ 李慧宜
月
看著她們，不只入神我還傻了，
這讓人嚮往的交情、令人想望的農村人生。
或許我又想多了，但還是忍不住想，以後我老了，
可以一起吹風逛菜市場的女伴，會是誰呢？
來到了秋天的最後一個節氣，透過農作物、食物可以彼此關懷
霜降。對話的介面。
這個時候，暑氣慢慢消退。在夜人隨土地一起脈動，人的呼吸，
晚和早晨，地面水蒸氣和冷空氣相也在大自然的起伏之中。在農村，
遇會凝結成露珠，如果遇到更冷的人順應生態，也破壞環境，在順應
空氣就會結霜。在美濃，結霜的情與破壞的同時，這世界又長出了一
是一趟巡覽好文的旅程，
更是一回賞讀美篇的心靈停駐……
也是一段遍閱佳構的遨遊，
形非常少見。些新芽。如果都市的人，也能欣賞

田野上的各種裡作，已經進入生到更多立體的色彩、聞到不同的花
長期的第一個階段。白玉蘿蔔和香，或是親手觸摸到捲曲的藤蔓
紅豆的種籽，已經破土發芽，也冒嫩葉，甚至跟著農民一同流汗、一
出心型子葉；紫色茄花、黃色番茄起在田裡說笑吃點心，那該是多
花、辣椒白花，不是含苞待放就是麼美好的事！
花瓣乍綻；敏豆的枝葉伸向太陽、二○一五年霜降前，台灣來了個
攀架過半；南瓜的粗梗壯葉鋪地而糾纏長達一星期的颱風──巨爵，
生，覆蓋出一大片長方形的綠床。村子裡的農民個個擔心得要命。
這樣的景觀，不應只讓住在農這颱風先是強颱的姿態，橫掃
村的人獨享。太平洋和南海間，重創菲律賓。還
農，都市與自然的介面好後來經過一個小小的轉身，扭
農，是都市與自然之中，最無捏慢步輕搖羅裙，才從中颱、輕颱
縫接軌的一處環境和一種生產形漸漸化為一片水氣氤氳的熱帶性
態。沒有農，都市與自然之間，不低氣壓，輕輕地滋潤著台灣這座
僅少了淡出淡入的流暢感，更欠缺蕞爾小島。
只要颱風變小，一切都好，農民尺、寬有一點五米的菜園裡，有高
鬆了一口氣，冬季裡作才正要開始。麗菜、花椰菜、白菜、小白菜、青江
此時，農村的主舞台上，有中秋菜、烏肚子、芫荽、茴香、甜椒、秋
節種下的橙蜜香小番茄，有國慶日葵、九層塔、蔥、紅莧菜、芥菜、葉
施肥落種的白玉蘿蔔，也有一些萵苣、皺葉萵苣、茄子、韭菜和南
是秋分時節，急性子的人種下的敏瓜，洋洋灑灑一共十九種蔬菜。
豆、茄子、辣椒、玉米、南瓜，還有這小菜園可比大觀園，光是花
這些年紅透半邊天的紅豆。椰菜、白菜、小白菜、青江菜這些
舞台側邊，燈光漸亮，一道布幕蔬菜上的幼芽、嫩葉和老葉，隨便
正緩緩升起，笠嬤花陸續上場。她就超過十多種深淺不一的自然綠
們穿入屋旁、站上圳邊、踩進畸零彩，再加上剛開花的茄子，點上一
地，個個好整以暇捲起衣袖，準備抹粉紫，爬上水圳騰空的南瓜藤，
在田野上作畫。伸出一線墨綠，水利地的遠處盡
書名：農村，你好嗎？
菜園大發生頭，還有一棵年老結實的紅莧菜作者：李慧宜
我在一個濕濕涼涼的清晨，走厚葉中心，刷出萬紫千紅震懾人定價：450元頁數：336頁
出版：果力文化
進龍山街上的紅豆田，看到一位心。這風景，看得人心跳加速。
老伯姆，正蹲在水圳邊，全心全意伯姆厲害的不只於此，她的每
地種菜。種蔬菜，看似各據山頭，也有順其
伯姆姓陳，這個時候七十五歲，自然的隨興之作。開花中的打烏
看起來比實際年齡更年輕。紅豆子，散落地長在葉萵苣和皺葉萵
是她和老伴一起種的裡作，一旁苣叢中，呈現深綠淺綠的渲染效碎花，還有粉紫粉紫的吊菜花（客
水利地上的菜園，是她個人的私密果；在打烏子和萵苣糊成一片的綠家人稱茄子為「吊菜」，吊菜花即
天地，就像英國作家維吉尼亞．吳意裡，有幾棵甜椒幼株悄悄隱匿茄子花）喔！超厲害！」我豎起拇
爾芙所說的「自己的房間」那樣。其中，像是大合唱中不時發出的指向她致意。
走在水圳旁，我邊走邊數，「一、叮噹聲響。老伯姆的作品，是一幅「沒有啦！剛種完紅豆半個月，
二、三、四、五……」還沒有數完，大型的地景藝術，就差沒裱框入比較有時間，就在這裡種點菜，自
伯姆就問：「汝算麼个啊？」（妳在館供世人詠歎了。己家裡可以吃，還有我嫁到高雄
數什麼啊？）我一邊拍照一邊走向伯姆，她的女兒，每個星期也會帶回她家

「佇个算汝種幾多項菜。」一面拔草一面往我這兒移動，我們煮來吃。」她淺淺地笑著說。
（我在算妳種幾種菜。）就這樣在菜園中線交會。她問我：颱風剛過，天氣涼涼地，無風，

「自家算過，十九項！」（我「小姐，這裡哪有什麼好拍啊？亂空氣比平日清新。
自己算過，十九種。）七八糟菜啦！」沒多久，產業道路那頭傳來一台
伯姆充滿自信地回答。果然，經「妳的菜園好漂亮，好多好多菜老舊摩托車的喘聲，騎車的人正
我一一點名記錄，這片長約一百公喔！綠色的花椰菜、白色的九層塔是伯姆的小娘姑（客家人對小姑
53
的稱呼）。這一天早上，她特地回喔！這是我自己留的種，特別好吃福氣啊！」（是啊！我有這樣的大
娘家向大嫂求救，想到菜園採幾樣非常甜。）伯姆開心地說。嫂，是我的福氣啊！）
新鮮好料回婆家應颱風天的急。在農村，姑嫂關係很微妙，有些老伯姆回答：「汝等兩个人講毋
伯姆一看到小娘姑就熱情招呼，是世仇，有些情比姊妹深，成因複著欸，係　要感謝汝等，感謝汝等
「喔！共快來　手哇！烏肚子都愛雜。而菜園是女性的場子，可以傳來尋　聊！」（你們兩個人這樣講
打花欸，毋食會老核啊，共快來遞家族訊息，也是開放式的心理不對，是我要感謝妳們，謝謝妳們

　手摘歸去食。」（喔！快點來幫輔導空間，能舒緩女性的生活壓來看我！）
忙啊！龍葵都要開花了，不吃就老力。說到底，菜園是食材產地也是農村情

了，快點來幫忙摘回家吃。）保存區，分享食物互相餽贈，會讓在菜園逗留不到一小時，我要
嫁到隔壁庄頭的小娘姑回老伯原本的美好人情越來越濃郁。趕到高雄市區跑新聞了。再見還
姆：「　等屋脣个塊地整理好勢我站在一旁看她們聊得開心，沒有說出口，老伯姆神手一推，迅
欸，　想拔幾條戆仔菜秧歸去種。」也忍不住插話。「伯姆，汝做人實速把剛採好的一大把烏肚子分我
（我們屋旁的那塊地整理好了，我在嶄然好。」
（伯姆，妳做人實在很一半。她看著我說：「帶歸去分屋
想拔一些葉萵苣的幼苗回去種。）好。）家人食，這種菜做得退火解毒。」
「好哇！好哇！這係　自家留个伯姆的小娘姑也馬上跟著說：（帶回去煮給家人吃，這個菜有退
種，特別好食嶄然甜。」（好喔！好「係啊！　有恁好个大嫂，係　个火解毒的功效。）

我一時語塞，心裡充滿感動。岸的災情，到淹水、潰堤地區的採是，只要把孩子抱在懷中餵奶，所
這，就是農村的禮物，作物傳遞訪算小事，光是甲仙小林村，就有疲勞都瞬間消失了。
的，是人與人之間的你來我往。離跑了六、七趟，甚至還曾手腳並用哺乳很奇妙，有一種能量在母親
開前，我又回頭看看伯姆和她的「爬」到滅村元凶的獻肚山上。和孩子之間流動。無論是樂樂哥
小娘姑。這對姑嫂認識超過半世媽媽知道後對我說：「妳現在懷哥還是小樂弟弟，喝奶的時候都非
紀，老了還有不期在菜園相會的默孕，一個人有兩雙眼睛，是一個人常投入，他們總是喝到全身濕透，
契。兩人東家長西家短，聊聊各自一輩子最有力量的時候，盡量放而我也是滿身大汗，簡直就是武俠
子女在外地的生活，說膩了又講回手去做對社會好的事情。不過每小說中一場發功對決的場景。總
田裡的蔬菜，討論誰長得好、誰老踏一步，都要很小心。」之，大家都「用盡吃奶的力氣」了。
得快，或是誰又長得太密太多。就「為母則強」應該就是這個意直到現在，如果遇到一時難解
這樣邊聊邊採收，採收好了，一把思！在那些親見台灣山林崩壞的採的事，我會回想那段懷孕哺乳的日
青菜放進水圳淘洗一陣。不一會訪歲月中，我的心裡常常出現「謝子，想像孩子穿越產道的痛楚、重
兒，她們又或蹲或站或一起漫步，謝你這段時間陪我」或「沒有什麼現孩子閉眼吸奶的幸福，活著的力
就在她們這輩子最熟悉的露天超好怕的」這樣的句子。無論遇到何氣又回來了。
級市場裡，細數人生的種種。種困境，都有一股無以名狀的力量，客家人說土壤是「泥肉」。土在
看著她們，不只入神我還傻了，支撐著我好好活著、快樂以對。農人的心裡，是大自然的肉，是孕
這讓人嚮往的交情、令人想望的農生產的那一天，震撼最強烈。兩育生命的溫床。
村人生。或許我又想多了，但還是個孩子的產兆，都是先破水，哥哥我不是那麼敏感的人，因此直到
忍不住想，以後我老了，可以一起讓我陣痛了十六個小時，弟弟小親身體會才懂得俗話說的道理。
吹風逛菜市場的女伴，會是誰呢？樂八小時就生出來了。陣痛從子宮女人是水，媽媽的身體是土地，無
農村學：姆媽係泥肉（母親深處傳來，撞擊腹部的力量強烈，論是懷孕還是哺乳，母身既是子宮
是土壤）痛，越來越深、越來越長，我可以也是食物，靜靜地供養孕育生命
還沒有當媽媽以前，常看到一感覺到孩子在子宮內，也同時承受所需的一切條件。我看著自己，從
些文章，提及土地有如母親之類巨大的壓迫和推擠。女人變成媽媽，有如在看一棵樹
的描述，常感到不以為然。不過自我一直想像著，陣痛是長浪，孩成林、一滴水變海，或是方寸田地
從成為兩個小男孩的媽媽後，我子跟我一起乘浪前行。我們努力變成寬廣大地一樣，一時之間，身
慢慢可以理解，為什麼土地會被脫離彼此的身體，卻也接上了更體不再由自己獨佔，而是變成恆
比喻成母親了。深刻的聯繫。躺在產檯上，聽到孩溫恆濕穩定的棲地，以及過濾循
我是個有福報的孕婦，懷兩胎子第一聲大哭，我告訴自己：「這環功能完美的食物轉化器。
完全沒有不適，吃得飽、睡得好，輩子，再也沒有什麼事情可以難生命如此美好！孩子藉由我們
雖然體型變胖、腳也大了半號，但倒我了。」的身體來到這個世界，看似是父
還是一樣東奔西跑四處採訪。懷孩子出生後，又是一連串挑戰，母無盡付出，但路程上的奇遇，反
老大的時候，剛好遇到八八風災，有時候甚至會累到腦海裡出現而才讓人有機會進一步探索，生命
我挺著大肚上山下海拍高屏溪沿「真想把小鬼塞回去」的念頭。可在宇宙之中的意義。
55
影像對話　PHOTO ESSAY
蘭嶼
Land of the Human Beings: Orchid Island
圖／文•莊坤儒　版面設計•王敬勛

蘭嶼的海，清澈的像一面明鏡，深邃的像岩石
一般沉重。空氣中傳來原始的鹹味，遺世獨立的
個性，吸引無數擁有海洋性格的人們前來探訪。
她是台灣最難以抵達的離島之一，達悟族的文
化讓她維持了原始的風貌，不論是聳然入天的岩
洞、枝幹奇特的枯木，都跟擁有海洋文化的原住
民和平共存。
在蘭嶼的時光，我感覺到時間的緩慢、人類的
渺小。或許這便是在黑潮湧浪下拚搏的蘭嶼，亦
稱作「人之島」的原因吧！ l
T he ocean around Orchid Island is as clear as glass,

as mysterious as a rock hidden in the depths. The
air carries the primitive taste of salt, and the island’s
aloof personality attracts countless people of a maritime
bent to come and visit.
It is one of the hardest to reach of Taiwan’s offshore is-
lands, and the culture of the Tao indigenous inhabitants
has allowed its natural scenery to be preserved. Be it a
towering cliffside cave, or dead trees with their strangely
shaped trunks and branches, all coexist peacefully with
this Aboriginal people and their oceanic culture.
During my time on Orchid Island, I felt the slowness
of time and the insignificance of humankind. Perhaps
this is the reason that Orchid Island, which battles on
amid the surging waves of the Kuroshio Current, is also
called the “Land of the Human Beings.” l
(photos and text by Chuang Kung-ju/tr. by Phil Newell)
57
59
61
63
65
島嶼行旅　AROUND TAIWAN
胡適故居
彙總新思潮　百折猶不屈
胡適故居
Commemorating an Indomitable Thinker:
The Hu Shih Memorial Hall
文•李珊瑋　圖•林格立　版面設計•蕭郢岑

棲居在中央研究院裡，胡適故居一甲子風貌
未移，綠草茵茵環抱，池水悠悠凝聚。風起雲湧 N estled away on the campus of Academia Sinica,
the Hu Shih Memorial Hall stands unchanged
by time. It was here that the philosopher and writer
的激情早已平息，只留存恆久的寧靜。這是一代
lived and worked, giving his all in both, and it is
先哲生前工作和生活的場域，也是他鞠躬盡瘁，
here that he set down his final roots in Taiwan.
在台灣的最後根基。 Hu Shih’s eventful and extraordinary life is laid
回顧胡適熠熠生輝的一生，在故居紀念館的 out in detail at his eponymous memorial hall, and
看板上細膩鋪陳。胡適公園裡多少風雲人物，而 the park dedicated to the man evokes the memory of
今墓木已拱，徒留緬懷長憶。風起雨落，典範猶 his works, his life, and the many high-profile people
在夙昔。 and events that were part of them.
A home of courtesy and respect

寓含禮遇和敬重的小宅 Surrounded by a lush green lawn, the former res-
idence of Hu Shih cuts a tranquil and unassuming
坐落在一片綠油油的草坪裡，胡適故居靜謐
figure. A small, single-story three-bedroom home, it
的舒展著內斂的身影。黑瓦紅牆三房兩廳的小 radiates simplicity from its red brick walls and black
平房，陳設平實簡樸。叱吒風雲的一代宗師， tile roof. It was here that Hu Shih, a leader of the
怡然自得的委身其間，孕育出垂世立教的論 20th- century modernization of Chinese thought and
著，這就是「要怎麼收穫，先那麼栽」，帶領 literature, spent his final days. While more than half a
中國思想現代化的胡適先生，生前最後的居 century has passed since he departed the mortal realm,
Hu’s former residence remains virtually unchanged.
所。56個春秋過去了，小樹兀自攀長，高聳入
This was the first official residence set up at Academia
雲。四週的環境也由一片近乎荒涼的廣袤，轉
Sinica, built in 1958 as a sign of courtesy and respect to
為櫛比鱗次的建物，但是故居風貌依舊，守護
Hu as he took up the presidency of the institution.
著書香滿室。 A collection of Hu’s letters, manuscripts, copybooks
昔日故居前的小樹，
歷經半個世紀，已高
聳入雲。
What was a sapling
while Hu lived here
has, in the decades
since, grown into a
towering tree.
67
這是中央研究院第一棟官舍，為了迎接胡適 and annotations is on display in a showroom added after
歸國接掌中研院，1958年在院址內蓋了這棟 his passing, a collection that is both an important piece of
cultural heritage and a valuable resource for researchers.
小屋，表達對他的禮遇和敬重。站在故居的迴
His elegant and scholarly appearance belied the ten-
廊，仿佛穿越時空，胡適清瘦的身影，正愉悅
acity and will beneath. With his writings and his life, Hu
地穿梭在毗鄰的史語所圖書館間，撰寫他最愛
served his country with honor and left indelible foot-
的研究。只可惜案牘勞形，4年後，他就撒手人 prints in the modern history of Greater China.
寰，安息在面對故居的小山丘上，遙望他最後 Enlightened through his father’s love
的學術殿堂。 Born in Qing-era Chuansha County, Jiangsu Province
穿過綠葉繁茂的廊道，胡適身後增建的陳列 (now Pu dong New Area, Shang hai) on December 17,
室，一道玻璃門，把仲夏的熱浪隔絕在外。滿室 1891, Hu was doted on by his father, who was 50 at the
time of Hu’s birth. When Hu Shih was just two years
鉅細靡遺的展板、文物，活脫脫地演繹著胡適的
old, his father, Hu Chuan, brought him to Taiwan, where
一生。這裡典藏著不可多得的書札、文稿、抄
the elder Hu was stationed in Tainan and Taitung.
簡、批註等文獻，不僅是重要的文化資產，更是 With a three-year-old Hu Shih at his side, Hu Chuan
後世研究的珍貴史料。 composed a book in classical verse called Conduct of Life,
胡適外型溫文儒雅，內心堅毅執著，文人報 teaching his young son to conduct himself with propri-
國，用生命的足跡，撰寫中國近代史。在歷史的 ety. Unfortunately these idyllic times were to be short-
定位中，他是著名的學者、思想家、政論家、外 lived, and the following year Hu Chuan fell ill and died.
Hu Shih’s mother, Feng Shundi, was Hu Chuan’s
交家、自由民主和人權鬥士，多元面向環環相
third wife, and his junior by quite a margin. In the large
扣。現在就讓我們走進胡適故居，從幾處細微末
節，探究他的一生。
手抄啟蒙書，父愛滿溢
1891年12月17日未時，胡適在江蘇省川沙縣
（現今上海浦東新區）誕生，胡適的父親胡傳
（字鐵花）當時50歲，衷心寵愛著這個新生
的么兒，1893年帶著年僅2歲的胡適，來
台就任，駐守在台南和台東。讓胡適和
台灣的緣份，從幼兒開始。
父親看出胡適的聰穎，自編四言
韻文《學為人詩》手抄讀本，懷抱
著年僅3歲的胡適，講解做人的道
理。只可惜好光景實在太短了，在
他4歲那年，父親溘然病逝。
母親是父親第3任妻子，與丈夫
年紀相距很大。胡適家族是徽州名
門之後。在清末的大家庭裡，一位年
叱吒風雲的一代宗師胡適，孕育出垂世立教的論著。
Once-in-a-generation master Hu Shih created numerous
scholarly masterpieces.
69
故居裡小小的餐桌，是胡適生前最常坐的地方，
在這裡吃飯、看書，是他最愜意的時光。
This small dining table was Hu’s favorite place to sit
and eat or read, whiling away his most pleasurable
hours.
輕的寡婦，帶著稚齡的幼兒，隱忍低調，是安身適紀念館中，洋洋灑灑的學經歷，以及 33個榮譽

立命最好的修為。這個成長背景，讓胡適在母親博士學位，鋪陳了半面牆。1895年胡適隨母親離
身上學會了寬恕忍讓，也養成待人接物的真誠和開台灣回到上海，再轉歸祖籍安徽績溪上莊，進
氣，言教和身教，影響了他的一生。更自此埋下入家塾就學。自此一路在中國傳統學制中修讀，
思想淬練的伏筆，倡議改革社會禮俗，呼籲婦女直到1906年考取中國公學，1908年進入中國新公
解放，也呼應他一以貫之的「容忍比自由還更重學。17歲的青年才俊，就兼任英文教員，也打下
要」的信念。赴美的根基。
母親對孤子的疼愛，可以由紀念館中胡適寫給 1910年通過庚子賠款考試，留學美國，進入
二哥的書信中體現。胡適回憶年少時曾患眼疾，康乃爾大學。1915年進入哥倫比亞大學哲學系攻
母親馮順弟十分焦慮，聽聞可以用舌頭舔治，為讀博士學位，師從約翰．杜威。服膺實用主義，
求孩子康復，竟親力為之。慈恩浩瀚，永銘心形塑思想改造的基石，講求「有幾分證據，說幾
扉，感念之情，躍然紙上。分話」，「沒有一點努力是會白白地丟了的。」
許多細節裡，更可以看出胡適的勤奮好學， 1919年初版的《中國古代哲學史》，即是由其博
以及母親的期盼殷切，督導嚴謹。在胡適紀念館士論文演繹而來，成為中國學術思想現代化的典
中，留下一份珍貴的手稿，是他13歲時，手抄範。
《反切直圖》課本。工整的字跡，突顯他為學的心繫改革的胡適，1917年初通過哲學博士學位
認真和深入。的最後考試後，就匆匆返國，到北京大學任教，
並參加五四運動中重要的刊物《新青年》的編
留學生涯，奠基思想改造
輯。在這個舞台上，與志同道合的精英們，一起
他一生中學為體，西學為用，知識淵博，在胡為推動「新文化運動」奔走發聲。

extended families of the late Qing era, a young widow Serving the country with the written word
with a small child was expected to grit her teeth, stay Living in a turbulent era, Hu found himself a man
low-key, and focus on raising her child. And so it was for the times, passionately devoted to making the Re-
that Hu Shih learned forgiveness and forbearance from public of China a better place through his writings. At a
his mother, growing up to become a man of integrity special exhibition in the memorial hall, we can see how
and kindness, committed to teaching in word and deed. while he and Chiang Kai-shek took different paths, the
Hu later recalled how his mother fretted over him two were both committed to similar goals.
when he suffered from an eye infection as a child and, In 1938, Hu was named the ROC’s ambassador to the
having heard that one could cure such infections by lick- United States, and in this role he traveled the country,
ing the affected part, set to work for the sake of her child giving some 246 talks and fervently seeking American
doing just that. Such great maternal love left an indelible support in the ROC’s fight against the Japanese Empire.
mark on Hu’s spirit, and his deep gratitude to her shines However, with financial aid slow in coming, Chiang’s
through his writings. faith in Hu was shaken, and in 1942 Hu was recalled
In many fine details of his writings, we can see clearly from the ambassadorship.
how diligent a young man Hu was, and the expectations
and rigor with which his mother raised him. On display
at the Hu Shih Memorial Hall is a Chinese pronunciation 胡適一生「中學為體，西學為用」的精神，也反映在他的衣
guide which Hu copied by hand himself at the age of 13. 著上，一襲長袍，配上皮鞋，是他慣常的打扮。
Throughout his life, Hu was committed to applying Western
From the precise and neat handwriting, we can see how thought in Eastern contexts, and this combination of cultures was
reflected in his sartorial choices—a Chinese changshan paired
dedicated and assiduous he was in his studies. with leather shoes was his usual outfit.
Foreign study foments transformation
Throughout his life, Hu was committed to applying
Western thought in Eastern contexts, and at the memorial
hall half a wall is dedicated to displaying the 33 honorary
doctorates he received over the years. In 1895, Hu and his
mother left Taiwan to return to Shanghai, and then went
on to the family’s ancestral home in Jixi, Anhui Province,
where Hu enrolled under a private teacher. There he be-
gan his studies in the traditional Chinese system.
In 1910 he was selected for the Boxer Indemnity
Scholarship Program and was sent to study in the United
States at Cornell University. Five years later, he went on
to pursue a PhD at Columbia University, studying under
John Dewey. Dewey’s philosophy of pragmatism became
the cornerstone of Hu’s ideological transformation and
his belief in never making claims that go beyond the evi-
dence one has to support them.
Newly committed to reform in China, in 1917 Hu
received his PhD and hurried back to his homeland, be-
coming a professor at Peking University and a contribu-
tor to the journal New Youth, an influential publication in
the May Fourth Movement.
Over the 1920s and 1930s, through publications like
New Youth, The Endeavor, and Independent Critique, Hu
made penetrating critiques of current events, driven by
a passion to make the country and the world better.
71
跨越中西的胡適，習於用毛筆寫詩，其他時候多用鋼筆書寫。
As befits his habit of mixing East and West, Hu adopted different
instruments for his writing, using a brush to write his poetry and
a fountain pen for his other writings.
紀念館內陳列著泛黃的刊物，記錄胡適終其一胡適學貫中西，主張實踐自由民主。1949年在台北創辦《自
由中國》雜誌，擔任發行人。
生，始終沒有脫離這道軌跡。由《競業旬報》， Hu Shih was a student of both East and West and a leading
advocate for democracy. In 1949 he cofounded the journal Free
到《新青年》、《努力週報》、《新月》、《獨 China in Taipei, also serving as its publisher.
立評論》，那份報國救世的熱忱，力透紙背，針
砭時事，鞭辟入裡。不只點化沉睡的大眾，也敲
響醒世的警鐘。
文人報國　力持穩健堅毅
在那個動盪的歲月裡，胡適可說是生逢其時，
一腔熱血，投筆報國。紀念館特展中，詳述胡適
與蔣介石「道不同而相為謀」的始末。
1937年7月7日盧溝橋事變發生後，改變了胡
適原本主張用外交途徑延緩戰爭，培植國力的想
法。1938年銜命出任中華民國駐美大使，各方奔
走，力行「寧鳴而死，不默而生」，演說次數多
達246次，極力爭取美方對抗日戰爭的支持。但
是由於金援遲遲未至，蔣介石對胡適信心動搖，
1942年胡適黯然辭卸大使一職。
即或胡適面對強人總統蔣介石仍犯顏直諫，蔣
總統仍器重他高瞻遠矚的視野，尊重他堅持不入
政黨的超然風骨，並且屢屢委以重任。1945年代
表出席舊金山聯合國制憲會議，又以中華民國政
府首席代表身分，出席倫敦聯合國教科文組織會
議，制訂憲章。胡適用思想論述報國，在國際間
聲望日隆。
1946年12月25日，國民大會正式三讀通過憲
法草案，並由胡適遞交憲法。1954年胡適由美
返台，參加第一屆國民大會第二次會議，擔任
臨時主席，蔣介石當選第二任總統，胡適代表

Chiang still had high regard for Hu’s vision, though, had returned to his hometown to help create gravesites
and continued to entrust him with positions of responsi- for his grandparents and parents, enduring no small
bility. In 1945, Hu was the chief representative of the ROC amount of hard work. In his description of her contribu-
government at the United Nations Conference on Inter- tion, written in elegant, poetic phrasing, Hu’s feelings
national Organization in San Francisco, and later at the for her shine through as bright as day.
Conference for the Establishment of the United Nations On November 26, 1961, Hu Shih was admitted to Na-
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, held in tional Taiwan University Hospital with heart disease. He
London, at which the UNESCO charter was formulated. put US$100 into an envelope, sealed it, and wrote on it,
On December 25, 1946, the Constituent National As- “A little extra money for my mahjong-loving wife to play
sembly, chaired by Hu Shih, formally adopted the newly with.” He also got one of the nurses to buy a pearl neck-
drafted Constitution of the Republic of China. In 1954, re- lace and earrings for him as a gift for Jiang’s December
turning to Taiwan from the US, Hu, as acting chair of the 15th birthday. Such demonstrations paint a picture of just
second meeting of the National Assembly, represented how much Hu loved his wife.
the assembly in certifying Chiang Kai-shek’s reelection After Hu’s passing, Jiang came back to Taiwan from
to the presidency. the US with boxes of books and documents and expressed
A promise to his mother the wish that their former residence should be renovated
While Hu was always at the forefront of new ways of and the collection stored there “so that my husband can
thinking, he nonetheless also respected the old ways, in- rest peacefully in the afterlife.” Such a deep understand-
cluding a lifelong commitment to honoring his mother. ing of Hu and such commitment to realizing his final
He was betrothed to Jiang Dong xiu at 14, eventually wishes are yet another demonstration of the close bond
marrying her 13 years later. They went on to have three forged between the couple over their 45 years together.
children together, a daughter and two sons. While such A life’s work comes to an end
a marriage may seem to be built on a foundation that An old and yellowed calendar, still showing February
lacks love, over time the two grew increasingly fond of 24, 1962, commemorates the day that Hu Shih suffered
one another. a fatal heart attack while at the Fifth Academic Recep-
On June 4, 1928, Hu wrote in his journal that Jiang tion of Academia Sinica. President Chiang Kai-shek
胡適故居的客廳
維持當時的樣
貌，是胡適擔任
中央研究院院長
時，接待賓客的
地方。
Hu’s lounge has
been maintained
in its original state,
still looking today
as it did when he
hosted guests there
as president of
Academia Sinica.
73
胡適公園裡有一面箴
言牆，記載著胡氏語
錄。其中一幅引楊誠
齋詩句，贈勉雷震。
Dr. Hu Shih Park, just
outside the Academia
Sinica campus, features
a wall that showcases
several of his quotations
and aphorisms, along
with a poem by Yang
Wanli that Hu cited to
give encouragement to
Lei Chen.
國民大會致送當選證書。這些歷史的見證，胡
鞠躬盡瘁　長眠守候最愛
適都沒有缺席。
一本停駐在民國51年2月24日的斑駁日曆，記
不違母命，遵守婚約信誓
錄下胡適參與中央研究院第五屆院士歡迎酒會
一個追求新思潮的先進，卻恪守舊禮教，用一時，心臟病發猝逝。葬於面對故居，由當地仕紳
生的承諾，寬慰母懷。胡適14歲就訂親，但是過李福人捐贈的兩公頃小山丘上，蔣介石以「新文
了13年，在母親逝世之前，才與江冬秀完婚，育化中舊道德的楷模；舊倫理中新思想的師表。」
有一女二子。這個看似沒有感情基礎的婚姻，卻評定胡適的一生。
在婚後相知相惜。毛子水撰文，王壯為刻寫的胡適墓誌銘，「這
胡適1928年6月4日的日記中寫著，江冬秀返鄉個為學術和文化的進步，為思想和言論的自由，
為祖父母及父母營造墳墓，每日上山督工選料，為民族的尊榮，為人類的幸福而苦心焦思，敝精
吃了不少苦，「兩世先塋，於今始就。誰成此勞神以致身死的人，現在在這裏安息了！」正是
功，吾婦冬秀。」字裡行間，感念之情，溢於言先哲一生的寫照。
表。「做學問要在不疑處有疑，待人要在有疑處不
最有趣的是1961年11月26日，胡適因心臟病住疑。」嚴以治學，寬以待人，是胡適一生奉行的
進台大醫院特一號病房治療期間，用信封裝了圭臬。胡適暮年以顧亭林詩自勉「遠路不須愁日
100美元，並寫上「讓偶打麻將的太太多些錢玩暮，老年終自望河清」。誠如胡適在雷震案中，
玩」，同時託護士買了珍珠項鍊和耳環等首飾，引楊誠齋詩句，「萬山不許一溪奔，攔得溪聲日
做為江冬秀12月15生日的賀禮，鶼鰈情深，不言夜喧，到得前頭山腳盡，堂堂溪水出前村。」為
而喻。理想而奮鬥，此生無憾。
胡適身後，江冬秀自美攜回多箱書籍，並言明而今兩柱青松，像衛士般守護著陵墓，江冬秀
出資改建故居，以便存放。「也叫適之在九泉之在側，二子也長伴膝前，清風徐來，戴著復古風
下放心點。」深知胡適一生的所繫，助其完成遺潮的細圓框眼鏡，胡適執著地說「我們必須選擇
願的襟懷，正是攜手45載的默契。我們的方向」。 l

memorialized Hu as “a model of the old morality amid were the standards for which Hu Shih strove through-
the new culture, and an exemplary teacher of the new out his life. When Lei Chen (1897–1979), cofounder of
thought amid the old ethics.” Free China, was imprisoned on sedition charges, Hu
Hu’s epitaph is a perfect encapsulation of his life: sought to boost Lei’s morale by quoting these lines by
“This man, who worked tirelessly for the advancement the Song-Dynasty poet Yang Wanli (1127–1206): “Though
of learning and culture, for freedom of thought and mighty mountains block the way / The creeks still
speech, for the honor of the nation, for the wellbeing of trickle night and day / Weaving to the other side / To
mankind, now rests here in peace.” merge into a mighty tide.” A person who fights for his
“In academics, one should always be suspicious ideals should have no regrets in life.
of the unsuspected, and in dealing with people, one Today, two pines stand like watchmen guarding Hu
should always be unsuspecting of the suspect.” Rigor Shih’s grave, his wife at his side forevermore, together
in his academic work and tolerance in his personal life with their two sons. As a gentle breeze blows through,
one imagines Hu, clad in traditional dress and sporting
his trademark thin-framed glasses, continuing to insist
that “we must choose our own direction.” l
胡適長眠在故居對面的山丘上，守護著他最愛的學術殿堂。
(Lee Shan Wei/photos by Jimmy Lin/
Today Hu Shih lies at rest on a hill across from his former home,
watching over his beloved academy. tr. by Geof Aberhart)
75
島嶼行旅　AROUND TAIWAN

共營制下的奇蹟
原住民部落司馬庫斯
Cooperative Community
—The Renaissance of Smangus
文•鍾孟學　圖•黃仲新　版面設計•蕭郢岑
司馬庫斯的特殊之處，不僅僅是台灣最後開通道路的原住民部
落，不只是擁有台灣特有的紅檜神木群，更是因為它成功實施了全
台獨有的「共營制度」。在這裡，居民分擔工作、共用土地、均分
所得，同時享有醫療、教育等各方面福利津貼，人人得以安居樂業、
互助合作，出走的族人開始返鄉，年輕人願意生養下一代，部落實踐
了永續發展、守護家園的夢想。
從新竹內灣到司馬庫斯，還要3小時崎嶇山路的車程，一踏上司馬庫斯的
巨木步道，古木參天，清涼綠蔭下，聆聽著蟬鳴濤聲，將盛暑炎夏拋在腦
後，提醒我們這是台灣最後開通道路之「上帝的部落：司馬庫斯」。
W hat makes Smangus unique is not just that it was the last Aboriginal village
in Taiwan to get a road link to the outside world, nor simply its groves of
giant Formosan cypress trees. Rather it is the fact that Smangus is the only community
in all Taiwan that successfully operates as a cooperative. Here, the residents divide up
the work between themselves, farm the land collectively, and distribute their income
equally. They also receive subsidies for items such as healthcare and education. By
helping each other, tribe members are able to live and work in happiness and tranquility.
Some who had left the village have begun to return home, and young people are willing to
raise the next generation here, as this indigenous community puts into practice the dreams of
sustainable development and preserving their homeland.
77
朝共營制度的方向邁進。「他們分工合作，利
深山明珠，命運轉折
益共享，齊心為社區貢獻一己之力。在世界其他
位於新竹縣尖石鄉、海拔約1,500公尺的司馬庫地方，我們親眼看到了實實在在發展共營制的團
斯，曾是台灣遺世獨立的部落之一。信仰基督教體，這讓我們對於家鄉的前景更具信心。」現任
的泰雅族部落，1979年才有電力、1995年才開通頭目馬賽•蘇隆說。
對外車用道路。次年，司馬庫斯透過統整規劃村內的土地資
這樣的聚落原本面臨人口外移、凋落的前景，源，並且以最有效率的方式運用，讓實現土地共
隨著1991年村民在距離部落4.5公里處發現了巨有的理想，在共營制的基礎上又進了一步。「各
木群，開始出現收留遊客的民宿，1995年最後一家戶的土地大小價值不一，因此土地共有的理想
段聯外道路開通，司馬庫斯一躍成為熱門觀光據特別不易達成，大家必須放下私心才能成事，但
點。不過，最終扭轉村落命運的還是2000年開始終究我們做到了。」議會部長拉互依•倚岕說。
實施的共營制。「以往原住民打獵回家，都大方地與眾人分享所
「客人上門了，大家都想搶，於是原本和睦相捕獲的山豬肉，現在我們分享土地，將這分享的
處的村民開始爭執，關係出現了裂痕。」部落議文化發揮到極致。」
會教育暨文化部長拉互依•倚岕說，當時的頭目
共營共享，福利傲人
倚岕•蘇隆看在眼裡，深思憂心部落的未來，認
為必須尋找可以讓家鄉重新團結起來的新模式，同時，共營制社區透過「制度與規則」的建
司馬庫斯社區於是在1990年代晚期醞釀建立「共立，來維繫部落的永續發展。掌司馬庫斯大小事
營制」。在老頭目的帶領之下，爾後族人於新世務的部落議會目前分成9個部門，管理範疇從觀
紀初始著手實施該制度。首先，他們於2001年共光發展、教育文化，到生態資源維護不一而足。
同經營遊客餐廳，並且共享相關收入，次年便將
此理念延伸到住房服務。
2003年，在台灣基督教長老教會的資助下，通過司馬庫斯的入口，一探這個獨特的原住民部落永續生存
之道。
部分族人遠赴以色列，觀摩聞名於世的集體社區 After you pass through the entrance to Smangus, you can
explore the path of sustainability followed by this unique
Kibbutz。這一趟旅程，無疑地更鼓勵司馬庫斯 Aboriginal community.

It is a rugged three-hour drive from Nei-
wan in Hsinchu County’s Hengshan Town-
ship to Smangus in the mountains of Jianshi
Township. As we hike the Giant Trees Trail,
beneath the cool green canopy of the an-
cient trees that tower into the sky, we hear
cicadas chirping, and cast the intense heat
of summer to the back of our minds. We
are reminded that we are in the last place in
Taiwan to be connected by road to the out-
side world: “God’s village, Smangus.”
A change in fortunes
Smangus, perched at an elevation of
1,500 meters, was once one of Taiwan’s
most remote and independent indigenous
communities. A Christian village of the Ata-
yal people, it only got electricity in 1979 and
a paved road to the outside world in 1995.
This type of community generally faced 村落裡的獵人木雕訴說著泰雅族的古老傳統。
a future of population outflow and general The wooden statue of hunters in the village evokes the ancient traditions of the
Atayal people.
decline. But following the discovery by local
residents in 1991 of groves of giant ancient
trees about 4.5 kilometers from the village, homestays be- some members of the community went to Israel to visit
gan to spring up to take in travelers. When the last section kibbutzim, the world-famous collective communities. This
of road was opened to traffic in 1995, Smangus became journey undoubtedly encouraged the people of Smangus
a popular tourist destination overnight. However, what to move further in the direction of a co-op system. “The
ultimately changed the fate of this Aboriginal community kibbutz members have a collaborative division of labor,
was the communal “cooperative” system (called Tnunan share their earnings, and work together as one to con-
Smangus), that began to be implemented in 2000. tribute all their efforts to the community. In another part
“When visitors came, everyone wanted to compete of the world, we personally witnessed a group that had
for their business. Villagers who had previously lived in genuinely developed a cooperative system. This gave us
harmony began to have disputes, and cracks appeared in greater confidence in the future prospects of our home-
people’s relationships,” says Lahuy Icyeh, director of the town,” says current tribal chief Masay Sulung.
Education and Culture Department of the Tribal Council. The next year, building on the foundation of the cooper-
When Icyeh Sulung, who was village chieftain at the time, ative, the people of Smangus took a step toward collective
saw all this, he became worried for the community’s fu- ownership of the land by introducing a unified plan for
ture, and felt there was a need to find a new model that the most efficient use of the village’s land resources. Lahuy
could restore unity. Thus the idea of establishing a “co-op” Icyeh says: “In the past, when indigenous people returned
started to ferment in Smangus in the late 1990s, and at from the hunt, they would generously share the meat of
the start of the new millennium, under the leadership of the mountain boar with everyone. Now we are sharing the
the old tribal chief, members of the community set about land, taking this culture of sharing to its extreme.”
putting the system into effect. In 2001 they began coopera- The benefits of sharing
tively supplying food and beverage services to tourist vis- The Tribal Council, which is in charge of all matters
itors, sharing the income among everyone involved. The large and small in Smangus, currently has nine de-
next year, this concept was extended to accommodations. partments, managing everything from tourism devel-
In 2003, funded by the Presbyterian Church in Taiwan, opment, education and culture to the conservation of
79
族人的日常工作則依照個人的能力和興趣來
分配。目前多達8成的族人加入共營制，負
責客房整理、餐廳膳食、導覽、農作等各項
事務；其他2成不認同共營理念的族人就各
自經營民宿。
經過18年共營制的施行，如今的司馬庫
斯憑藉細緻的分工、資源的統籌管理，已
發展出收益可觀的觀光業，進而充實族人的
各項福利津貼，達到人人安居樂業的目的。
不僅成功地解決原住民部落常見的人口流失
問題，更讓曾經離鄉的族人重返家鄉服務。
1992年離鄉工作、2010年重返司馬庫斯的溝
勇．尤珮便是其中之一，目前負責部落的交
通指揮與客房業務，「這裡的生活非常令人
安心，回鄉也讓我有了歸屬感。」這位43
歲的泰雅男人如是說，臉上顯出滿足的笑
容。
如今，共營社區的每一位成員，無論從事
任何工作，都可獲得新台幣2萬元月薪，相較
於2004年整整漲了一倍。良好的福利制度更
是確保居民安定的生活，舉凡醫療、教育各
項費用都由公家埋單。「如果你有念書的資
質，從幼稚園到研究所，盡管念，你都不必
為相關費用操心。」拉互依•倚岕說。津貼
的金額多年來也有所增長，例如給予兩歲以
下幼兒的每月育兒津貼自2007年開辦以來，
已從新台幣1,000元成長至目前的4,000元。
當然，紀律也是維繫共營制重要的一環。
拉互依．倚岕承認社區中可能仍有少數個人
存有吃大鍋飯的心態，因此設定規矩就顯得
無可避免。「例如工作中不能喝酒，否則年
終獎金減半，再犯就減更多。」他並強調，
去年年終獎金已調升至8萬元。「我們很嚴
肅看待喝酒這事，甚至花了2萬元買了酒測
器，用來突襲檢查。」同理，教育補助的發
放也得到有效監管，如果部落子弟在校缺曠
課過多，補助將會中止，達到有效運用部落
距離村莊4.5公里的巨木群是司馬庫斯重要的收入的目的；但對不愛念書的子弟，建議他
觀光資源。
The groves of gigantic ancient cypress trees 4.5
們及早回部落幫忙。
kilometers from Smangus are a major tourist 當台灣社會許多人迫於經濟壓力，因而不
attraction for the community.
敢生育、養育下一代，管理得宜的司馬庫斯

environmental resources. The jobs that are part of the
daily routine for community members are assigned
based on individual abilities and interests. To date, 80%
of residents have joined the co-op, and perform all types
of tasks including preparation of guest rooms, restaurant
meals, guide services, and tending crops.
After 18 years of co-op activity, Smangus today,
through a refined division of labor and integrated man-
agement of resources, has developed a tourism industry
that brings in considerable income, enabling it to provide
all kinds of welfare support to community members, thus
achieving the goal of letting everyone live settled and
contented lives. Not only have they resolved the problem
of population outflow, which is common in Aboriginal
communities, they have made it possible for tribe mem- 司馬庫斯族人為訪客導覽自己的家鄉。
bers who had left the village to return home to work. The people of Smangus guide visitors through their homeland.
在通往巨木群的路途中小憩，思索部落的過去、
現在與未來。
Taking a breather on the trail to the giant trees, one has time to think
about the past, present, and future of this indigenous community.
Today, each co-op member receives a monthly sal-

ary of NT$20,000, regardless of what job they do. This
is double the figure for 2004. A good welfare system
further underpins the stability of residents’ lives, with
all kinds of fees, including medical and educational,
being borne by the collective. Lahuy Icyeh says that the
amount of benefits paid out has grown over the years.
For example, the monthly child-rearing subsidy given
to households with children under two years old has
increased from NT$1,000, when this benefit was intro-
duced in 2007, to the current level of NT$4,000.
Of course, discipline is an important link in uphold-
ing the cooperative system. Lahuy Icyeh admits that
there are still a small number of people in the commu-
nity who have the mindset of eating from the commu-
nal pot without doing much work, so the need to set
some rules appears inevitable. “For example, we don’t
allow drinking alcohol while working, otherwise your
annual bonus will be cut in half, or by even more if you
do it again.” He emphasizes that last year’s annual bo-
nus rose to NT$80,000. “We take the issue of drinking
very seriously, and even spent NT$20,000 to buy breath-
alyzers, which we use for random tests.”
At a time when many people in Taiwan are unwilling
81
新光國小司馬庫斯實驗分
班為學生開設豐富的泰雅
文化課程。
The Smangus experimental
branch of Hsin Kwang
Elementary School has
developed a rich curriculum
in Atayal culture for
students.
卻沒有這樣的困擾。在這山村，每對年輕夫妻平始提升客房空間及舒適度，如此一來，部落內可
均都有3個小孩，社區內唯一的小學新光國小司容納的遊客量隨之降低，客房單價卻提高，總收
馬庫斯實驗分班的人數，自2004設校以來，6個入依然不變。目前部落旅店可供240人過夜，而
年級的學生總人數已從10人增至目前24人。族群 8年前這個數字是450。「遊客量少，垃圾量也變
的人口是其語言及文化保存的基礎，司馬庫斯顯少。我們走高質量的觀光路線，更有利於環境永
然透過發展共營制，延續了族群命脈。續發展。」拉互依•倚岕說。
共營制的成效甚至吸引了外地青年教師琪娃 2010年由公視籌劃拍攝《司馬庫斯》部落紀錄
斯．布雅來到司馬庫斯實驗分班服務。來自同為片，邀請英國導演狄恩•強生和法蘭克•史密斯
泰雅族、位於台中山區的白蘭部落，琪娃斯• 擔任導演。隨著在全球各地影展放映，讓部落發
布雅3年前自家鄉的小學自願轉到更遙遠的司馬展共營制的故事在海外廣為人知。迄今該片已獲
庫斯擔任教職，開始了週一至週五的住宿生涯。得數項大獎，包括2011年9月在美國蒙大拿影展拿
「司馬庫斯給外地老師的福利很好。住宿、水電下最佳原住民紀錄片獎，以及次年5月在紐約獲
費都免費。」她說。「這裡的人凝聚力強，很有得了美國廣播電視最高榮譽「匹巴迪大獎」。
文化保存意識，例如學校開了好多種專人教導的共營制度施行18年以來，許多其他的原住民部
泰雅文化相關課程，只要我有空，就盡量去和小落都曾造訪司馬庫斯，一窺其成功之道，然而迄
朋友一起上課。我的泰雅母語反而是來到司馬庫今它仍是全台唯一遵行此制度的原民社區。
斯後變好的。」「人人放下自身利益，全力為部落未來努力，
這本來就不是簡單的事。無論如何我們的共營社
永續發展，國際發光
區已經運行多年，隨時可供大家參考，對於視察
著眼於長遠發展，司馬庫斯也採取了相應措訪客，我們也毫不保留地分享相關經驗。」部落
施。例如部落男人定期組隊在周邊山區巡邏，以議會總幹事阿敏•尤索說。
嚇阻盜伐、盜獵等行為。造林是另一項持續實施「泰雅族人篳路藍縷，在台灣中、北部的山
的重點工作，除了提升觀光景緻，更重要的這是林間為後輩子孫尋找生存的空間，如今我們怎麼
水土保持重要的一環。此外，司馬庫斯自2010 能辜負這些先人，不努力團結一致、守住家園
年開始嚴肅反思無限制收留遊客的現象，於是開呢？」部落頭目馬賽•蘇隆如此說。 l

to have children because of economic pressure, there fell. But the price of guest rooms increased, so that over-
is no such problem in well-managed Smangus. In this all income did not change. Currently guesthouses in the
mountain village, each young couple has an average of community can provide overnight accommodation for
three children, and at Hsin Kwang Elementary, the com- 240 people, as against 450 eight years ago.
munity’s only primary school, the roll has risen from In the 18 years since the co-op system was initiated,
ten students in six grades when the school was founded representatives from many Aboriginal communities have
in 2004, to 24 today. come to Smangus to see the village’s formula for success.
Sustainable development But to date it remains the only indigenous community in
With an eye to long-term development, Smangus has Taiwan to follow this system.
adopted various measures. For example, teams of men “It will never be easy to get everyone to set aside their
from the community regularly patrol the surrounding personal interests and devote all their effort to the future
mountains to deter illegal logging and hunting. Plant- of the village. Nevertheless our co-op has been up and
ing trees is another major long-term task, for besides running for many years, and we are willing to provide
beautifying the landscape for tourists, more importantly our experience as a reference to others at any time. We
it is a key link in soil and water conservation. More- unreservedly share relevant experience with visitors who
over, from 2010 Smangus began to seriously reassess come to view our operations,” says Amin Yosyo, director-
the practice of allowing unlimited numbers of visitors. general of the Tribal Council.
They began to upgrade guest room sizes and comfort, Current village chief Masay Sulung remarks: “Atayal
and as a result the accommodation capacity for tourists people led the way, searching for a space for the survival
of future generations in the mountain forests of central and
northern Taiwan. Today, how could we not make every
effort to meet the expectations of our forebears, and not
曾經位在深山面臨凋零的命運，司馬庫斯因實施共營制正 struggle to unite together and defend our homeland?” l
在發光發熱。
Once facing decline deep in the mountains, Smangus is now thriving (Oscar Chung/photos by Huang Chung-hsin/
thanks to the cooperative system they have put in place there. tr. by Phil Newell)
83
藝文脈絡　CULTURAL TRENDS
科學繪圖
啟蒙多元世界
Scientific Illustrators
—Exploring Nature’s
Diversity Through Pictures
文•鄧慧純　圖•莊坤儒　版面設計•王敬勛
「科學繪圖」源自昔日相機尚未發明
的時代，科學家為紀錄動、植物的種類特 S cientific illustration arose in a time before the
invention of the camera and allowed scientists
to capture the distinctive characteristics of plant
徵，透過簡單的繪圖工具與觀察，繪出栩
and animal species. Armed only with keen pow-
栩如生的物種，不僅成為獨門的藝術形
ers of observation and an artist’s simple tools,
式，也開啟我們對多元世界的認識。 illustrators rendered lifelike images of botanical
and zoological specimens. Scientific illustration
科學繪圖演示是國立自然科學博物館 developed into a unique art form and introduced
（簡稱「科博館」）內引人駐足的角落。 viewers to the diversity of the natural world.
以透明玻璃窗隔出的明亮空間，除了陳列
各種標本，畫桌上還有調色盤、顏料、畫 The special exhibition on scientific illustration at
the National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS) in
具及顯微鏡。繪圖員彭瑄玉拿著水彩筆熟
Taichung has attracted a lot of attention. In a brightly
練地為狂蟻的步足上色，一旁的攝影機將
lit space enclosed behind a glass partition there are
她動作的細節傳送到玻璃窗外的電視上， many biological specimens on display, as well as an
讓民眾仔細端詳，不時有好奇的民眾貼著 art table on which are the palettes, paints, brushes,
玻璃看得入迷，她也會透過麥克風與民眾 and microscope used by illustrators. On the day of our
互動。 visit, we could also watch as illustrator Peng Hsuan
Yu took up her brushes to paint the legs of a longhorn
crazy ant in watercolors. Some mesmerized visitors
watched with faces glued to the glass, and Peng also
interacted with visitors with the help of a microphone.
李政霖常將他賞鳥觀察到的姿態，安排進他的作品中，
讓他筆下的鳥類有了靈魂，更顯生動。（李政霖繪）
While birdwatching, Li Cheng-lin carefully observes the
bearing and character of different bird species. He then
incorporates these unique characteristics into his illustrations,
to capture the birds’ essence and vitality. (art by Li Cheng-lin)

85
察、或當文字敘述過為抽象累贅之時，一張圖像
一探科學研究的幕後花絮
勝過千萬語言，圖像能進行更有效率的溝通。
這是科博館的獨門特展，彭瑄玉常笑稱自己是「科學繪圖的本質就是溝通」，它的範疇極
「活的常設展」，長年在玻璃屋內創作，從兩棲廣，不論是圖鑑式的寫實描繪、或常見於科學期
爬蟲類、囓齒類、無脊椎類到太陽星系星球都收刊的點畫，甚至漫畫都可稱為科學繪圖。劉德祥
在她的筆下，成為一張張講究科學性又活靈活現的專長在演化生態學，他以植物授粉並萌發出花
的科學繪圖。粉管至胚珠變成種子的歷程為例，這些過程肉眼
把科學研究的幕後工作搬到幕前來，讓民眾一都不可見的，但歷程中許多細節變化需要藉大量
探究竟，是科博館科學教育組副研究員劉德祥的文字說明才得以理解，因此他曾創作一幅漫畫，
點子。長年推動科普教育，他解釋：「靈感來自讓花粉在跳跨欄，比擬這段歷程，讓人一眼就
大家都愛看的電影幕後花絮」，於是他設計把科懂，因此劉德祥說：「科學繪圖不一定要寫實，
學家研究的幕後歷程、邏輯展示出來，此舉果然只要能達到溝通的目的。」
讓科學繪圖演示成為科博館的人氣角落。當前流行的資訊圖表（infographics）也是科學
科博館已舉辦12年的科學繪圖研習及競賽，繪圖的一種，劉德祥表示，數字是科學研究的重
藉由研習課程，帶領民眾從科學繪圖的源由、觀
察、繪圖技巧、實作等階段逐一操作，無論是以
針筆或代針筆「點畫」，用黑點的疏密程度來表
達明暗和立體感，或是彩繪動植物的特徵細節，
肉眼難以辨識的生物構造也需透過
都希望勾起民眾對科學的興趣。
顯微鏡觀察後再描繪出來。
劉德祥解釋「科學繪圖是指透過圖像為媒介來 Details of a specimen that are invisible to the
naked eye are observed under a microscope
傳達科學訊息」。自然界許多現象無法以肉眼觀 before being incorporated into an illustration.

Scientific inquiry on display 先畫好草圖，確認物
種身體各部位細節正
This spectacle is part of the exhibition, and Peng 確後才上色。
jokingly describes herself as a “living permanent ex- （彭瑄玉繪）
The illustrator first
hibit.” The idea of publicly displaying the behind-the- sketches the subject
scenes work of scientific research was the brainchild of species and checks
that the details of
Lau Tak-cheung, an associate curator in the museum’s its appearance are
accurate, before finally
Science Education Department. A long-time advocate of adding color. (art by
science education, he explains that he drew inspiration Peng Hsuan Yu)
from the film industry, where fans love to catch a look

at the magic behind the scenes, and he decided to give
museum visitors a similar insight into the process and
rationale of scientific research. The scientific illustration
exhibit has become one of the museum’s most popular.
For the last 12 years, the museum has offered scien-
tific illustration seminars and competitions. The semi-
nars allow the public to try their hand at the art and are scientific journals. Even cartoon-style illustrations can be
intended to arouse interest in the sciences. considered scientific illustrations.
Many phenomena in the natural world are invisible Infographics, widely used today, are also a form of
to the naked eye, or a verbal description would be too scientific illustration, Lau says. Numerical data are an
abstract and cumbersome. Often images can communi- important part of scientific findings. The challenge is to
cate more effectively. “Scientific illustration allows for present those dry statistics through appealing visuals.
the transmission of scientific information through im- Observation is key
ages alone,” Lau explains. The first step in scientific illustration is observation,
In fact, communication is the essence of scientific seeing the true nature of things and then depicting them
illustration. It is an inclusive term covering a wide systematically.
variety of artistic techniques, from the realistic images Peng Hsuan Yu’s first assignment as a scientific illus-
found in field guides to the stipple drawings seen in trator was to depict cetaceans—aquatic mammals such
科學繪圖演示是科
博館內引人駐足的
角落，彭瑄玉聚精
會神為狂蟻上色。
Peng Hsuan Yu
concentrates on
illustrating a longhorn
crazy ant at the
scientific illustration
exhibition at the
National Museum
of Natural Science,
which has proven
popular with visitors.
87
劉德祥指出，科學繪圖的本質就是溝通。
Lau Tak-cheung notes that the essence of
scientific illustration is communication.
觀念也逐步修正，正確性是首要考量，從此不管
是畫老鼠的牙齒，昆蟲的觸鬚、步足，都仔細觀
察形狀、數量、跟身體的比例。「觀察」也開啟
她的視野，在顯微鏡下觀察蒼蠅，彭瑄玉讚嘆：
「服裝設計師都只愛看孔雀，卻沒人發現蒼蠅的
配色漂亮極了。」如今，在科學繪圖的領域裡，
她越畫越自得其樂。
科學繪圖更重要是培養觀察力，劉德祥指出，
孩子能從觀察一個細微的現象，學會提出問題，進
而探究背後的原因，引導此後一系列的研究探討。
服務於行政院農業委員會林業試驗所森林保護
組的陳一銘，是國內科學繪圖的先進，長年從事
生態調查，擁有豐富的野外經驗。我們與他約訪
在台北植物園，他親身示範如何進行觀察記錄。
園區內一隻野鳥正悠閒地踱步，陳一銘一手持速
寫本，一手拿鉛筆迅速畫下野鳥的頭部特徵，再
用望遠鏡細看野鳥走路的姿勢，在畫紙另一個角
落草草描繪鳥的身形。陳一銘解釋，在野外無法
慢工細活地描繪，但可粗略記錄下特徵和姿態，
做為日後繪圖的參考資料。
完成第一本國人自繪的《台灣野鳥手繪圖鑑》
的李政霖，書中共搜羅約650種鳥類，其中他曾
親眼觀察過350種，「圖鑑創作事實上大量依賴
照片，才能畫下鳥的身體細節，但如果你曾經親
要產出，但如何將枯燥的數據轉化成有吸引力的眼觀察過牠日常活動的樣態與氣質，那產出的成
圖像，則是另一項挑戰。果會與單憑照片的創作差很多。」
他說鳥的情緒要從肢體的動作觀察。一隻鳥如
觀察是科學繪圖的入門
果站得直挺，全身羽毛貼緊身子，通常處於警戒
科學繪圖的第一步驟是觀察。觀察物件的真實中；如果看到鳥的身體縮成一顆球狀，羽毛澎起
樣態，一五一十地記錄下來。來，那就是放鬆的狀態。每種鳥類也有各自的氣
彭瑄玉回想當初接觸科學繪圖的首個任務是質，鴨子與鵝的體態較優雅，脖子比較長，常常
畫鯨豚，她依照自己的印象，把鯨豚畫得圓圓胖彎成S狀；某些鳥則較神經質，眼神和姿態常常
胖的，頗為可愛；但研究人員一看就指正鯨豚有感覺緊張兮兮地。他將這些細節安排進他的作品
標準的外型，差一點都不行；剛開始她以為是研中，表現鳥的氣質與個性，讓他筆下的鳥類有了
究人員過度吹毛求疵，但隨著作品的累積，她的靈魂，更顯生動。

as whales and dolphins. She rendered them as rotund
animals with full bodies, as she perceived them. But re-
searchers pointed out that her images failed to capture
the true shape of the sea creatures. At first she thought
the researchers were nitpicking, but her ideas changed
with more practice. She realized that the most import-
ant factor was accuracy. Careful observation changed
her perspective, and love of her work has grown with
practice. “Fashion designers love the peacock’s splen-
dor, but few realize the amazing beauty of the colors of
a fly,” she says with wonder after having studied flies
under a microscope.
Chen Yi-ming, who works for the Forest Protection
Division of the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, is a
pioneer of scientific illustration in Taiwan. He has been
engaged in ecological surveys for many years and has
considerable field experience. We visited him at the Tai-
pei Botanical Garden, and he gave us a first-hand look
at the observation techniques of an illustrator. With a
pencil in one hand and a sketchbook in the other, he
rapidly sketched the distinctive traits of the head of a
bird strolling at a leisurely pace in the park. He then
observed the bird’s gait through binoculars and made a
quick sketch of its body shape in another corner of the
page. Chen explains that in the wild an illustrator must
work rapidly, but the appearance and posture of the
subject can be captured through quick sketches, provid-
ing a reference for later producing detailed illustrations.
Li Cheng-lin illustrated some 650 bird species for A
Field Guide to the Birds of Taiwan (2014), the first Taiwan
bird guide to be illustrated entirely by a Taiwanese il-
lustrator.
He notes that every bird species has its own charac-
ter. Ducks and geese are more elegant, with their long
S-shaped necks. Some other birds are more skittish, with
their alert eyes and wary movements. By including these
traits in his illustrations, he captures their unique ap-
pearance and personality, their spirit and their vitality.
An irreplaceable art form
At present Chen is not overly fussy about accuracy
in his work. He prefers to capture the vitality of the
natural world as he perceives it. Scientific illustration is 科博館藉舉辦科學繪圖研習及競賽，勾起民眾
just a means of expressing his affection and apprehen- 對科學的興趣。（科博館提供）
The National Museum of Natural Science holds
sions for the natural world. scientific illustration seminars and competitions to
A decade ago he created Primitive Taipei, a painting spark interest in science. (courtesy of NMNS)
that depicts the Taipei Basin as it might have looked 500
89
創作面臨低潮，他的工作進度正遇到挑戰性
無可取代的手繪
頗高的鷸科鳥類，這群鳥身上的斑紋繁複，且雷
科學繪圖領域中，攝影技術的出同度高，但身為圖鑑的繪圖者，卻必須要仔細繪
現不曾取代傳統手繪技法，反而使製，讓觀者能輕易辨識特徵。他學著把鳥的身體
我們更了解科技的侷限，凸顯手繪切分成不同區塊，細細觀察每一個部位羽片的邏
特有的價值與創作性。輯，只要找出一片的規律，其他就可依樣複製。
如今，陳一銘的作品已經不過度真正帶他走出瓶頸的還是他最鍾情的鳥類。有
強調正確性，他更想呈現他眼中世一回利用休假去海邊賞鳥，看著潮汐間，身軀只
界的生命力，藉科學繪圖為工具，有20公分長的三趾濱鷸在浪進浪退間覓食，「你
傳達他對地球的關心與憂心。看牠的體型最多這樣（李政霖張開手指示意），
十年前他創作《蠻湮台北》，想但你知道牠飛行的距離從阿拉斯加一直到澳洲，
像500年前台北盆地的樣子。要重建牠每一年遷徙兩次，南來北往，牠去過的國家、
一個已經消失的生態系，就需要加
上更多的想像，同時又不能偏離科
學依據。
因此，他把畫面的場景設定在今
日北投石牌一帶，背景是面天山。考
據漢人還沒進入台北盆地的蠻湮之
況，陳一銘將已幾近消失的野生葦草
蘭、已滅絕的藍睡蓮安排在畫面中，
淺水處有梅花鹿在覓食，濕地有野生
水獺出沒，畫面的時間設定在秋季，
遠方台灣欒樹正開花，近處的棋盤
腳花期將盡。光影也有所考據，他從
Google Earth模擬早上八點太陽的光
線角度，描摹出背景山系的明暗。
如此的創作自是攝影無法達成，
陳一銘希望藉由這樣的生態創作，
勾起人類共同潛意識裡的感動，激
發更多的討論與思考，喚起公眾對
自然生態的重視。
李政霖回憶《台灣野鳥手繪圖
鑑》四年半的手繪歷程。曾是國小
自然科代課老師的他，後來決定轉
以科學繪圖為業，多是靠著母親的
支持與鼓勵才得以堅持。唯母親卻
在專案剛開始不久發現罹癌，在半
陳一銘是是國內科學繪圖的先驅，長年從事
年內撒手人寰。失恃之痛，讓他幾生態調查，擁有豐富的野外經驗。
Chen Yi-ming is a pioneer of scientific illustration in
乎失了心緒，鳥怎麼都畫不好，當 Taiwan. He has been engaged in ecological surveys
for years and has considerable experience in the field.
時審畫的編輯評論他畫的鳥看起來
都不快樂。

years ago. Capturing a lost ecosystem required him to stimulate discussion and contemplation and
rely on his imagination while also applying our scien- arouse public interest in the natural world.
tific understanding of the natural world of that day. Li Cheng-lin recalls that it took him four
For the setting he chose the landscape of Shipai, an and a half years to complete the illustrations
area in modern Taipei’s Beitou District. He adorned this for A Field Guide to the Birds of Taiwan. Just
landscape with the nearly extinct bamboo orchid and as he was beginning the project his mother
the blue lotus, which is thought to be extinct in the wild was diagnosed with cancer, and she passed
in Taiwan, along with sika deer foraging in shallow wa- away six months later. The pain of losing his
ter and otters playing in the wetlands. mother was almost unbearable. It affected
These are scenes impossible to capture through his work, and his editor noted that the birds
photography. Chen hopes that this type of imaginative he painted had a sorrowful appearance.
rendering of the natural world will resonate with hu- The loss slowed Li’s creative output, but
manity’s collective unconscious. In this way he hopes to he threw himself into the difficult job of
illustrating birds of the sandpiper family
(Scolopacidae), which have complex mark-
ings and a high degree of similarity. He had
to render the differences clearly so that the
viewer can easily distinguish between dif-
ferent birds. He learned to divide the bird’s
body into different blocks and identify the
patterns of each section of plumage. Once
this was done, he replicated the results to fill
in other parts of the body.
During this difficult period, Li found
great comfort in observing his favorite bird
species, the sanderling, a small wading bird
with a body only 20 centimeters long. He
tells us how once when he went birdwatch-
ing by the sea, as he watched the tides roll in
and out he noticed the sanderlings darting in
and out between the waves, scavenging for
food. Li uses his fingers to show the birds’
size as he says excitedly: “Just look how
small they are, and yet they fly all the way
from Alaska to Australia, migrating twice
a year. They have likely traveled to more
countries than us and certainly flown farther.
We will probably never witness the sights
they have seen. But wherever they land, all
they do is fill themselves up by feeding on
tiny bugs in the wet sand along the shore-
line, fulfilling their role in nature.”
Reflecting on these stories while working
on his illustrations, Li came to terms with his
mother’s passing. He realized that her life’s
journey had come to an end, while his work
91
飛行的里程數、見過的世面也遠遠超過
我們。但牠這麼小的身子，每到一個地
方只做一件事，就是啄食泥灘地裡的小
蟲子，盡自己的本分而已。」李政霖情
緒略微激動一口氣說了好多。「還有斑
尾鷸，牠是地球上飛行生物中『直飛紀
錄保持者』，路程長達一萬五千公里，
一旦起飛就是兩個星期都不吃不喝不休
息，我用Trivago查牠的航線，全球只有
一班直達機，其他都要轉機。」
一邊畫著鳥，一邊想著這些故事，李
政霖突然看開了，覺得生命不就如此，
母親的生命旅程已經圓滿，而自己的繪
畫生命還在持續。自此他的心情沈澱下
來，就像是一種修行，找出事情的道
理，按部就班的做，接續的創作也就越
來越好。
畫出自然，搶救環境
其實年過六旬的陳一銘，與我們初見
面就表示，他已經很久沒畫傳統的科學
繪圖了，因為耗時間，也耗眼力。「但
是我還在做的是『生態繪圖』。」
從小喜愛自然，遙遠的深山是他兒時
的嚮往，大學讀了森林系，工作後有機
會親赴真正的荒野，陳一銘投入生態調
查，就此鑽入荒野多年。
不料，家園突變，「我們都在關懷山陳一銘親身示範在戶外觀察記錄。
Chen Yi-ming demonstrates his sketching techniques in nature.
上的生態，卻沒發現山下的家園已經完
全面目全非了。」話鋒一轉，陳一銘心
痛地說。水泥構造物取代原本有機的河
岸，河邊被改造成人工化的河濱公園，
河川整治工程卻造成大量的水中生態系讓民眾體驗自然的美，除了能多識於蟲魚鳥獸之名，也
被破壞，也造成許多迴游魚類無法回正視身邊的環境正被破壞，「這是我們近代最重要的任
家。人類將自然逕自改造成自己喜歡的務了。」
樣子，而無視原本生態的樣貌，這讓他李政霖從「生態棲位」（niche）的角度解釋科學繪圖
很痛心。對他的影響。生態棲位指的是一個物種在生態系統裡面
「我和一些朋友，最近都開始把我的位置，並非單指棲息環境，還包括在生態系統中扮演
們的戰場從山上轉移到平地。」陳一銘的角色與能使用的資源等等。李政霖說他從小的志向從
說。他們認為民眾的觀念需要被改變，國父轉變為太空人，也曾一度認真想當一位麻辣教師，
而繪圖者能做的事是藉由科學繪圖創作最終卻在科學繪圖找到自己的歸屬，安身立命於此。

as an illustrator was not yet done. He found a certain prevented migratory fish from returning. He is sad-
tranquility, and the quality of his work improved. dened to see how these natural landscapes have been
The illustrator as conservationist transformed to suit human activity.
When we met Chen Yi-ming, who is in his sixties, Chen and some likeminded friends have redirected
he explained that he has not done traditional scien- their conservation efforts from Taiwan’s mountains to
tific illustrations for quite some time because they are its coastal plains, where most of the population lives.
time-consuming and hard on the eyes. “But I do what I These illustrators believe they can help people appre-
like to call ‘ecological illustrations,’” he says. ciate the beauty of the natural world, learn about the
As a child Chen loved nature and longed to ex- insects, birds and animals that inhabit it, and become
plore the distant mountains. In college he majored in more aware of the environmental degradation occur-
forestry, and after graduation he began to explore the ring around us. They hope to use their work to change
wilds that had so fascinated him as a youth. For many public attitudes. “This is our most pressing responsibil-
years now he has participated in ecological fieldwork. ity at present,” says Chen.
He was surprised to find out how much Taiwan’s Li Cheng-lin explains how the idea of an “ecological
ecology has changed in a short period. “We all worry niche,” which describes the particular role a species
about the ecology of the mountain regions, but we may play in an ecosystem, helped lead him to scientific
didn’t realize that the lowland areas had already
changed beyond recognition,” he says.
With this change of topic Chen becomes somber.
Cement structures have replaced natural riverbanks,
and riversides have been converted to parks for
human use. Flood control projects have resulted in 李政霖臨摹照片中鳥的姿態，畫下特徵。
Working from a photograph, Li Cheng-lin captures the details
considerable destruction of aquatic ecosystems and of a bird’s appearance.
93
陳一銘創作的《蠻湮台北》，希望藉此生態繪圖喚起公眾對自然生態的重視。（陳一銘提供）
Chen Yi-Ming created Primitive Taipei, an imaginative rendering of the Taipei Basin 500 years ago,
to stimulate public interest in preserving the natural world. (courtesy of Chen Yi-ming)
因為曾經歷這段尋覓的過程，李單一，每個人就可以在其中找到自己，不需再與其他
政霖更希望透過自己的作品，盡力人攀比，就像在環境中找到自己的生態棲位一般。
把自然事物的美好呈現出來。他想「你知道以前社子堤防外、百齡橋那頭，晚上有螢
藉由創作告訴大眾，每個人可以有火蟲、蛇、青蛙、各式各樣的魚類出沒嗎？」陳一銘
千百種角度去認識世界，有千百種語帶感慨的說。
方式與世界互動。他希望透過作品昔日相機尚未發明的時代，科學繪圖開啟我們對
勾起大眾對自然的嚮往，而不再只多元世界的認識，而在當代，科學繪圖再一次擔負
追逐數位虛擬的聲色刺激。當認識啟蒙的角色，繪者們正努力勾勒一幅生物多樣性的
世界的方式變得多元了，價值不再未來，期望喚醒已遠離生物多樣性的人們。 l

illustration. As a kid, he first wanted to be president world, Li is giving viewers the opportunity to discover
and then an astronaut. He even dreamed of becoming a their own relationship with nature, just as each species
star teacher, inspired by the Japanese manga series Great finds its unique role in an ecological habitat.
Teacher Onizuka. But in the end he discovered scientific Before the advent of cameras, scientific illustration
illustration and settled into the work. helped people get to know the multifaceted world
Li’s own journey of discovery has inspired him to around them. Today illustrators have taken on the role
capture nature’s many marvels through his illustra- of educators, striving to enlighten a public estranged
tions. His work allows viewers to see the world from from nature about the wonders of biodiversity. l
countless angles and interact with it in myriad ways. By (Cathy Teng/photos by Chuang Kung-ju/
providing more diverse ways to understand the natural tr. by Robert Green)
95
產業新創　ENTREPRENEURSHIP
泰國台商新典範
產官學研共啟產業升級動能
Powering Up:
Thailand’s Taiwanese
Entrepreneurs
文•蘇俐穎　圖•林格立　版面設計•蕭郢岑

97
泰國作為東南亞市場的重要據點，在新南向熱潮以前，
便有許多台商預見商機，前往投資。經過數十載歲月，至今
仍屹立不搖的，多已成為業界的中堅翹楚。不過，隨著時代
遞嬗，全球市場競爭加劇，台商除了步步為營，趁早運籌布
局，也嘗試突破過去單打獨鬥的局勢，統合產官學研各領域
的能量，激發產業蛻變的可能。
在諸多的泰國台商之中，1998年在泰國成立，2017在台灣
上市，以金屬鈑金加工為主的「經寶精密公司」，稱得上是數位化、自動化的鈑
標竿企業之一。金工廠，產線上不需
要任何人力，只有員
總經理鍾國松回憶28年前赴泰國創業的往事，彼時，大學工透過工作站檢視作
業進度。
才剛畢業1年的他，憑著初生之犢不畏虎的勇氣，離鄉背井
Jinpao Precision
到泰國打拚，「當時，誰也不認識，也不像一般公司有母公 Industry Company’s
automated sheet metal
司的支援，就這麼跌跌撞撞，從零開始，慢慢摸索。」 plants can be operated
with a barebones staff,
誰能料想得到，如今的經寶，已是一間年營業額高達14 who monitor production
from computer
億元的公司，因著擁有彈性生產、智慧製造等優異技術，歐 workstations.
美、亞洲等一級大廠紛紛慕名而來，指定下單。
世界級的鈑金工藝
作為鈑金加工廠，包含日常生活中的湯匙、貨架、家具
等，都在業務範疇之內，但鍾國松相當清楚，若想要做出競
爭力，勢必得瞄準高階市場。因此，早在十多年前，他便劃
定航太、電子、食品加工、醫療、通訊、綠能等六大產業，
作為公司接單的主要利基市場。
鍾國松憑著遠見
與謀略打下經寶
精密的一片天。
Jinpao’s success is
the result of Victor
Chung’s vision and
careful planning.

L ong before Taiwan’s New Southbound Policy
was instituted, Taiwanese companies, sensing
market opportunities, began to invest in Thailand,
core business is precision sheet metal fabrication. It was
listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange in 2017.
The company’s president, Victor Chung, recounts how
which became an important base of operations. After he went to Thailand 28 years ago to start his own business
several decades of investment, Taiwanese industry there from scratch. It was only a year after he had grad-
is highly developed in the country. Amid changing uated from college and he relied on his natural fearless-
times and intensifying global market competition, ness when he left his home in Taiwan to try his fortunes
Taiwanese businesses are steadily improving effi- abroad. Who would have imagined that today Jinpao does
ciency and streamlining operations to succeed in an some NT$1.4 billion in business a year? The company’s
era of strong headwinds. Through the combined ef- technological excellence in flexible production and smart
forts of industry, government, and academia, there is manufacturing has led to orders from major manufactur-
a movement afoot to stimulate new possibilities for ers in Europe, North America, and Asia.
industrial transformation. High-end sheet metal processing
Jinpao’s product lines include all kinds of everyday
Jinpao Precision Industry Company, which set up items such as cutlery, shelving and domestic furniture.
shop in Thailand in 1998, has become a model of suc- But Chung knew that to be competitive he would need
cess among Taiwanese enterprises in the kingdom. Its to focus on certain high-end markets. Thus, more than
99
經寶以具備生產航太等級產品的實力備受矚貫的經營政策，他表示，經寶每年挹注約1億
目。由於航太產品具有高精密度、高穩定度、少元升級設備。當我們來到曼谷附近，位於挽蒲
量多樣等特色，加上在生產前必須先取得各種認（Bangpoo）工業區的經寶廠房，廠內氬雷射焊
證，在製造業中具有高度指標性。接機、3D雷射光纖切割焊接機、自動光學檢測
除了通過A S9100在品質管理上的認證，經寶儀、質譜儀等一應俱全。
也擁有美國NADCAP的焊接、化學皮膜處理、非尤其在擁有航太認證的第二廠區，有別於一般
破壞性試驗製程等三項特殊製程認證，可用以生傳統鈑金廠的人聲雜沓，生產線上的員工登時銳
產航電設備，可接單生產波音公司的產品。現今減成個位數，偌大的廠房聲音寥落，只見巨大的
也正緊鑼密鼓興建中第四廠區，更鎖定市場廣大 NCT機台依據電腦指令，從上料、切割、沖壓、
的航太結構件產品，打造陽極處理與熱處理生產折彎、熔接到組裝等工序，自動、精準、快速、
線，實力將更上一層。無聲地運作著，周遭只有少數幾名員工透過工作
以高階設備提升企業競爭力，是鍾國松一站的電腦檢視進度。
這套由日本Amada為經寶量身打造，要價高達
1億5,000萬的頂級設備，至今仍是獨步全球，讓
經寶成為一般廠商望塵莫及的夢幻工廠，也讓波
音、空中巴士等航太大廠紛紛下單。
董事會秘書王盈舒進一步解釋，這套自動化
設備，除了具有大幅降低人力成本、可24小時運
作的優勢，還能大幅提升產品的品質。他談到：
「所有的生產刀具都有一定的使用壽命，過去多
靠人工憑感覺、經驗判斷，甚至到產品都沖壓出
來了，才發現品質有問題，但這套設備擁有自己
的刀具庫，每次沖壓都會自動計算次數。」
他又補充：「而且，我們在每個步驟都裝設上
感測器，包括折彎的角度、精密度等，能夠達到
100％全部檢驗。」
經寶4.0：打造智能化的數位工廠
當市場變化越快，也越讓鍾國松篤信「機會是
給準備好的人」的道理，2004年時，他將企業轉
往少量多樣化客製化的高端市場，因為客戶訂單
多元、產品規格不一，6年以前，甚至領先於國
家政策，鍾國松就開始前瞻布局，將工廠導向自
動化、數位化、智能化的方向，用以因應日趨複
雜的生產模式。

odizing and heat-treatment facilities, further upgrading
the company’s manufacturing capabilities.
傳統的製造業生產流程，仍需仰賴大量人力。 Under Chung’s management, Jin pao has relied on
Traditional manufacturing processes still require considerable equipment upgrades to improve its competitiveness. He
manpower.
says that company spends about NT$100 million on up-
grades annually. When Jinpao opened a manufacturing
facility in the Bangpoo Industrial Estates, located just out-
a decade ago, he targeted six industries to be the com- side Bangkok, it installed argon laser welding equipment,
pany’s chief clients—aerospace, electronics, food process- 3D laser cutting and welding equipment, automated
ing, healthcare, communications, and green energy. optical sensors, and mass spectrometers, among other ad-
Jinpao’s ability to manufacture aerospace-grade vanced machinery.
products has greatly enhanced its reputation. Aerospace The company’s aerospace-accredited Phase 2 facility dif-
manufacturing requires a high degree of precision and fers greatly from typical sheet metal factories. In the enor-
consistency and involves small-batch production of di- mous plant, human voices are few and far between. A se-
verse items. In addition it is necessary to obtain various ries of numerically controlled machines run the production
certifications before production. Aerospace manufactur- process from loading, cutting, stamping, molding, welding
ing is therefore seen in the industry as the gold standard. to assembly. The automated processes are accurate, rapid,
The company has received AS9100 quality man- and silent. It requires only a few technicians at worksta-
agement certification, an important credential for the tions to monitor the process with computer systems.
aerospace industry. It also holds Nadcap aerospace The plant’s top-grade equipment was custom built by
industry certification in three specialized areas—weld- Japanese machine makers Amada and cost the company
ing, chemical processing and nondestructive testing. It some NT$150 million. Most companies can only dream of
is thus authorized to produce avionics equipment and having such a facility, and it has helped Jinpao to outpace
undertake orders for Boeing. Jinpao is constructing its competitors in the industry. As a result the company has
Phase 4 factory to concentrate on the enormous market won contracts with Boeing, Airbus and other major aero-
for aerospace structural components. It will include an- space companies.
101
章維斌（左）與張玲琴（右）均
是台商第二代，特殊的成長環境
使他們紛紛投身教育領域。
Growing up in Thailand as second-
generation Taiwanese immigrants
prompted Yosapol Changcharoenkij
(left) and Belinda Changkajonsakdi
(right) to facilitate educational
opportunities for others.
到台灣的專家赴泰擔任顧
問。
泰國國家科技發展署技
術顧問張仁安，就在這樣
的契機下來到B D I。他指
他找來跨國團隊，以「日本規劃、印度寫軟出，製造業屬於傳統產業，在過往，製程多仰賴
體、泰國實踐」的合作模式，開發出一套名為技術人員的經驗判斷，憑著trial and error反覆測
「經寶4.0」的管理軟體，整合產線的每日生產排試，卻相當浪費時間、原料；企業若要升級，
程、企業資源規劃系統（ERP）、產品生命週期除了添購自動化設備，還必須搭配一套標準化流
管理系統（PLM）、製造執行系統（MES）與即程，數據與結果才能有跡可循。
時監控系統等不同系統，並可透過Kiosk工作站來張仁安說：「自動化設備只是工具，必須經
操作、瀏覽，除了運用在生產端，包含業務、行由標準化流程找到合理的參數，再透過參數調整
政等都可延伸應用。當多數廠商仍在苦思該如何產品的生產條件。」除了協助BDI建置標準化流
實踐工業4.0之際，經寶卻已臻至完成。程，張仁安也導入電腦作工程分析，輔導解決製
「這是我們自己學習來的，不是買套裝軟體。程上的疑難雜症。
就像公司是從零開始的，沒有任何別人的影子。長期旅泰的張玲琴，由於主要都在泰國，才因
我們自己創造自己的路、自己的時代，」鍾國松此認識台灣的高科技實力。她說：「從顧問的身
不無自豪地說：「這不是花錢可以買到的，是花上，我們才得知台灣有這麼多高科技人才，還有
時間、精神、生命，才能玩到這樣的規模。」工研院、工業4.0實作中心與各大學的產學合作
中心等機構，都值得我們去連結。」
人才南向，輸出高科技實力
不只受惠於泰政府政策協助，另一面，駐泰
除了大企業積極創新，以保產業競爭力，由於國台北經濟文化辦事處代表童振源也積極敦促
正逢泰國政府發展「泰國4.0」（Thailand 4.0）台商提升。這位被鍾國松稱為「嚴父」的駐泰
經濟改革計畫，積極推動泰國產業升級，不少中大使，已協助泰國台灣商會聯合總會成立泰國
小企業主也搶搭這班順風車，藉此升級。在泰耕台灣高科技中心，並召集約210位來自不同領域
耘已超過四十年，以生產塑膠與鋁合金產品為主的專家人才，以定期舉辦講座的方式，協助台
「BDI集團」，便是一例。商升級，讓台灣的高科技軟實力，成為台商強
談到升級轉型，董事長張玲琴表示：「我們有力的後盾。
是製造業，一定得跟得很緊。」從5年前，B D I
便開始逐步投資自動化生產設備，又逢泰政府
人才需求擴大，台商自主辦學
輔導當地中小企業升級轉型，B D I便主動爭取在產業蛻變的時刻，更加仰賴優秀的人才，企

機會，透過泰國國家科技發展署的媒合，邀請業之間紛紛展開人才爭奪戰。

Smart factories on the horizon ahead,” says Belinda Changkajonsakdi, BDI president,
The more rapidly market conditions change, Chung speaking of the need for industrial upgrading.
believes, the more opportunity will favor the prepared. Five years ago, BDI began to invest in automated
In 2004 he began to focus on customization for the high- production facilities, and when the Thai government
end market to accommodate the diversity of orders and began to encourage SMEs to upgrade, BDI sought out
product specifications. Six years ago, before the Taiwan the opportunity to work with Thailand’s National Sci-
government’s New Southbound Policy, he began to ad- ence and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) to
just for changing trends. He began to rely more on auto- bring in a technical advisor from Taiwan.
mation, digitization, and intelligent production methods It was in this way that BDI got access to the expertise
to meet increasingly complex modes of production. of Chang Jen-an, a consultant to the NSTDA. Chang
He created an international development and produc- notes that traditionally manufacturing has relied on the
tion team with planning in Japan, software development experience and judgment of technical personnel who
in India, and production in Thailand. To integrate the pro- arrive at solutions through trial and error, combined
cess, he created specialized management software, called with repeated testing and measurement. But this results
Jinpao 4.0, which combines daily production scheduling, in much waste of time and resources. For enterprises
enterprise resource planning, product lifecycle manage- wishing to upgrade, it is not enough merely to purchase
ment, manufacturing execution and real-time monitoring automated equipment; they also need to apply stan-
systems. Production can be controlled and monitored dardized operating procedures that enable data and
through computer stations known as interactive kiosks. outcomes to be tracked consistently.
The technology upgrades are also being applied to other Aside from assisting BDI with defining standardized
aspects of the business, including sales and administra- procedures, Chang also introduced computerized engi-
tion. While many other companies are contemplating neering analysis to solve production problems.
how to upgrade for the new generation of production Education at the fore
known as Industry 4.0, Jinpao is already leading the way. Under rapidly changing industrial conditions, skilled
Cultivating high-tech prowess personnel are ever more vital, and companies are com-
As large enterprises race to innovate to enhance their peting ferociously to attract talent.
competitiveness, the Thai government’s economic re- As a result, many established Taiwanese entrepreneurs
form plan, called Thailand 4.0, is also encouraging in- in Thailand are recruiting recent graduates and establish-
dustrial upgrading and spurring many small and me- ing their own educational programs to cultivate talent.
dium-sized enterprises to jump on the bandwagon. A decade ago BDI’s founder, Suthum Changkajon-
The BDI Group is a prime example. It manufactures sakdi—Belinda Changkajonsakdi’s father—saw the short-
products from plastics and aluminum alloys and comings of Thailand’s vocational training. Because there
has been operating in Thailand for 40 years. was little coordination between formal education and in-
“As manufacturers, we’ve got to race to keep dustry needs, schools were failing to produce a sufficient
103
「誰有好的人才，誰才能取得勝利。」鍾國松為台商第二代子女，面臨下一代的教育問題，他
這樣說。雖然經寶的知名度不比許多日商汽機車心有戚戚：「從台灣來的企業主，要顧前顧後，
大廠，但他已藉由各種方式，多管齊下地增加企家庭、教育都要跟上，穩住腳步以後，才能往前
業曝光的機會，好比與台灣、泰國多所大學進行衝。」
產學合作，提供學生實習機會或企業獎學金，今高等教育與技職教育，提供企業所需的專業人
年也拿出100萬的經費，在泰國舉辦全國大專盃才；國中、小的基礎教育，則在文化、人情上創
自動化比賽，為的就是要吸引優秀人才進入。造出鏈結，雖然乍看無形，將來卻可能為產業帶
除了積極延攬畢業生，不少深耕泰國已久的台來龐大的商機。
商，也涉足教育界，從人才育成的前線作耕耘。同樣是泰國中華國際學校董事的張玲琴說：
十年以前，BDI集團的創辦人，同時也是張玲「像我們，一來是因著情感，二來是父親留下
琴的父親張聚麟，便已洞見泰國技職教育的不來的人脈、關係，現在公司要購買設備，還是
足，由於產學斷鏈，所訓練出來的技術人才不敷會優先考量台灣產品。」章維斌說：「只要有
企業所需，故成立「泰國─台灣（BDI）科技學一個學生過去，全家人就都過去了，心也會了
院」，希望藉此解決台商企業的人才荒。解台灣。」辦學，也是台灣人「搏感情」的方
直到張聚麟去世，張玲琴繼承父親遺願，持續式之一。 l
辦學不輟。泰國─台灣（BDI）科技學院的科系
由企業的需求出發，將學制分成高職、二專兩
種，高職以汽車零件製造科為主，二專則是製造
科技系與會計系，每個年級約20名學生，均採建
教合作的形式，並提供全額獎學金，學生畢業以
後，必須在企業服務約2∼3年。
所謂前人種樹，後人乘涼，在教育界頗多建樹
的張聚麟，也是「泰國中華國際學校」的創辦元
老之一。
這所創立於1995年的國際學校，不是以教授中
文為主的華語學校。最早，是因著台商子女的教
育問題，由多位台商前輩集資創辦。從幼稚園、
小學到高中12個年級，制度上採美制，師資大多
數也來自英語系國家，但由於獨特創辦背景，董
事會均由台灣人組成，從授課內容到文化活動設
計，兼顧美、台、泰三種文化。由於辦學口碑
良好，不只吸引台籍學生就讀，泰籍學生更佔多
數，也有不少學生在高中畢業以後，選擇赴台留
學。
勁捷營造公司董事長章維斌，因著承包校內活
動中心工程，注意到這所學校，待工程竣工，他
向校方捐款，成為董事會的成員之一，也陸續將
自己的三個子女送到學校就讀。
今（2018）年6月剛赴任董事長的章維斌說：
「教育是一切的根本。新南向政策談的就是『以
人為本』，以人為本，就是以教育為本。」身

number of graduates with technical skills. He therefore internships. After graduation, students must spend two
founded the Thai–Taiwan (BDI) Technological College to three years working for a Taiwanese-owned company.
to train talent for Thailand’s Taiwanese enterprises. There is a saying that pioneers plant the trees and
The school’s curriculum is designed to meet the later generations enjoy the shade. As a founder of the
needs of industry, and the school offers two programs— Thai–Chinese International School (TCIS), Su thum
vocational high school and two-year college. The former Changkajonsakdi counts as one of those pioneers.
focuses on automotive parts manufacturing, and the Founded in 1995, this international school was orig-
latter on manufacturing technology and bookkeeping. inally established to educate the children of overseas-
About 20 students a year are provided with full scholar- based Taiwanese businesspeople. It is set up on the
ships for vocational education combined with practical American educational system and includes education at
all levels from kindergarten to high school. Teachers are
recruited mostly from English-speaking countries. The
school’s good reputation has also attracted Thai stu-
dents, and many graduates go on to study in Taiwan.
配合泰國宋干節將至，泰國中華國際學校舉辦潑水活動。
The Thai–Chinese International School joins the festivities for Yosapol Changcharoenkij, president of Power Fast
Songkran, the Thai new year festival. Corporation, joined the school’s board of directors
in June. “Education is the foundation of everything,”
he says. “The New Southbound Policy emphasizes a
people-first approach, which really means focusing on
education.
As a second-generation overseas Taiwanese entre-
preneur, he worries about the education of today’s kids.
“As overseas businesspeople we can’t just rush head-
long without building a stable foundation by focusing
on family and education,” he says. “Progress can only
be made if we shore up those foundations.”
The BDI Technical College addresses the immedi-
ate needs of industry through its dual vocational high
school and college education tracks. But the primary
and middle-school education provided by TCIS culti-
vates cultural and social links between Thailand and
Taiwan. The benefits might not be immediately visible,
but these links could provide enormous advantages for
industry in the future.
“As the second generation, we have deep feelings for
Taiwan and also benefit from the business relationships
our parents built,” says Belinda Changkajonsakdi, who
is also a director of the TCIS. “When we need to up-
grade our factories today, we naturally think of buying
Taiwanese equipment first.”
In schools founded by overseas Taiwanese, students
come to know the kindness and compassion of Taiwan.
“When students attend a Taiwanese school, their whole
families get to know Taiwan better,” says Yo sa pol
Changcharoenkij. l
(Lynn Su/photos by Jimmy Lin/tr. by Robert Green)
105
產業新創　ENTREPRENEURSHIP
見證時代的林業變遷
挑戰木構建築極限——德豐木業
Exploring Wood’s Potential:
Te Feng Lumber Company
文•李珊瑋　圖•莊坤儒　版面設計•王敬勛
傳承三代的傳統產業，見證百年來的林業變遷。曾站
上顯耀的巔峰，也苦守過沒落的低潮。德豐用木材溫潤
的毛細孔，迎擊冰冷的鋼鐵水泥。以友善大地的環保意
識，打造無毒家園，讓建築自然呼吸，林業永續興旺。
2018台灣住宅建築獎，德豐木業以「半半齋」抱回首
獎。耗時一年的工期，首次挑戰設計與施作合一。從使
用者的角度，讓建築融入地景。用現代工法，突顯木構
獨特的風韻。細膩的邏輯，創造靈動的語彙。風在牆間
穿梭，雨在窗外奏鳴，朝露夕霞，各有不同風情。
O wned by the same family for three generations, Te Feng

Lumber Company has survived nearly 80 years of ups
and downs in the lumber industry, reveling in the peaks and
suffering through the lows. In recent years, the company
has pioneered the industry’s sustainable revival by offering
“warm” woods as an alternative to “cold” concrete and steel,
and creating environmentally friendly homes that “breathe.”
Te Feng’s “Half-Half House,” a year-long project that rep-
resented the company’s first attempt at integrating design
with practice and structure with landscape, earned top hon-
ors at the 2018 Taiwan Residential Architecture Awards.

德豐木業以「半半齋」，抱回2018台灣住宅建築首獎。
Te Feng Lumber’s “Half-Half House” earned top honors at the
2018 Taiwan Residential Architecture Awards.
107
德豐木業為台東池上車站
大廳所做的樑柱結構，是
台灣現今尺度最大的國產
結構用彎曲集成材。
（德豐木業提供）
The post-and-beam
concourse that Te Feng built
for Chishang Train Station
in Taitung is the largest
domestically built structure to
use curved structural glued-
laminated timber. (courtesy of
Te Feng Lumber)
「父親那一代比較容易看到好木材。」台灣豐
融入生活的傳統產業
富的原始森林資源，得天獨厚。那個年代，木業
一樹為木，二木成林。位於南投竹山的德豐蓬勃到讓人欣羨，但是風光的表象下，卻隱藏著
木業，從祖父到孫兒，三代都以林木為生。祖父極大的風險。李成宗記得在他7歲那年，父親趕
販售木炭、木屐起家，發展到承租林班，伐木造著在過年前，要把林木銷售出去。
林；父輩研發乾燥、防蟲、防腐、防燃等木材加他出動大批人力，好不容易把林木運送下山，
工技術，扭轉夕陽產業命運；孫輩傳承基業，創堆放在河邊，等待船期。沒想到一場連續大雨，
新木構建築工法，矢志要讓木業再起，為環保投把集中的林木沖散，全數漂流殆盡。血本無歸不
注心力。算，還要支付收購金、開路、砍伐、運送等龐大
「木頭和我們的生活，幾千年來都分不開。」費用。講究誠信的李有德遭此巨變，賣地賣屋，
南投縣永隆林業生產合作社理事主席，也是德豐木償還所有債務後，領著妻小返鄉種田。
業第二代傳人李成宗，在寬厚的原木桌上，悠然地「屋漏偏逢連夜雨」李成宗無奈地笑著說。
泡著自己栽種的烏龍茶，回憶起父親創業的艱辛。「那一年史無前例，連稻穗收成都是空殼」，原
1941年，德豐木業創始人李有德看出木材和本想用務農轉變生計的李有德，再一次遭受重
食衣住行密不可分，就從日常用品的木炭、木屐創。好在他秉性仁厚，信用良好，同業們同意再
生意做起。「父親經歷過舊台幣換新台幣的年給他一次機會，先墊付伐木的所有費用，讓他東
代。」當時物價飆漲，為了壓低成本，李有德上山再起。「父親總是對我們說，誠信是無形的資
山批發原料。從下游商轉為上游商，承租林班營本。」李成宗時刻記得父親的家訓，也這麼督促
運，1945年創立德豐木業股份有限公司。著兒孫。

李文雄和弟弟李岳峰在921地震後
重建家園，三層樓的仿古木構建
築，展現古樸的氣勢。
Richard Lee and his younger brother
Jason rebuilt their family home
after it was destroyed by 1999’s Jiji
Earthquake. Three stories tall and
made of wood, the new house has
an old-fashioned rustic charm.
Making it relevant ing raw materials from wholesalers in the mountains.

Te Feng is a family-owned business located in Zhu- He then rented a plot of forest land, and transformed
shan Township, Nan tou County. Company founder his retailing enterprise into a raw materials supplier. Li
Li Youde, grandfather of the current general manager, formally established Te Feng Lumber Company, Ltd.,
started the business selling charcoal and clogs, then in 1945.
expanded it by renting a section of forest, cutting trees, In those days, Taiwan possessed abundant forestry
and planting saplings. His son, Li Chengzong, kept the resources and a booming timber industry. But timber
business going in the face of an industry-wide decline businesses faced risks even in those heady times.
by developing new processes for drying lumber, and Li Cheng zong shares a boyhood memory of his
for making his products resistant to pests, rot, and fire. father hustling to sell the company’s lumber in the pe-
Li Youde’s grandsons have vowed to revive the lumber riod before the Chinese New Year. The elder Li’s hard
business and focus on environmental sustainability. work had seemingly paid off: he had managed to get
Under their leadership, the company has developed in- the logs out of the mountains, and had them stacked by
novative methods for constructing wooden buildings. the river awaiting transport by ship. But then a series
“Our way of life has been inextricably bound to of major storms washed away every one of them. It
wood for thousands of years,” avers Li Cheng zong, was bad enough that he’d wasted so much effort, but
who now chairs the Nantou County Yonglong Lumber he also had to pay for logging rights, cutting the trees,
Industry Association. building roads to get the trees out of the forest, and
Li Youde went into business in 1941 selling every- transporting the logs. The scrupulously honest Li sold
day products made from wood. When inflation ate into his land and home to settle his debts, then returned to
his profits, the elder Li sought to cut his costs by sourc- his hometown with his wife and child to farm.
109
德豐木業守護大地的願景，吸引年輕人用熱忱和專業，齊心投注。
Te Feng’s interest in protecting the environment has encouraged young
people to put their passions and skills to work for the company.
「木材必須要先乾燥才能加工，但是烘乾過
物性調整，夕陽產業重生
程，時間很長。」在屏科大吳教授的研發下，乾燥
李成宗繼承家業後，好光景維持不到幾年。時間由30天縮短到3天。這項木材高溫乾燥保存處
「我這一代，林木由鼎盛逐漸走下坡。」回憶起理技術，不但時間短，而且品質高。「真的是喜出
1981年左右，鋼鐵產業興起，建築用材普遍由鋼望外。」李成宗難忘當年久旱望雲霓的激動，皇天
筋取代。「那段期間，竹山100間的木材行，淘不負苦心人，德豐木業終於等到重生的轉機。
汰只剩10家。」李成宗咬牙苦撐，「不能讓爸爸治木材，猶如烹小鮮，一定要掌握原料個別不
的德豐，在我手裡結束啊！」只能想盡辦法求同的特性，「每種木頭都有它最適合的用途。」透
生。「我剛退伍時，全公司連我只有5個人。」過精良的木材物性調整、製材技術、接合工法，
慘澹的經營，讓熱愛藝術的第三代傳人李文雄，德豐木業結構用集成材2009年通過ISO-9001品質驗
根本不想承接家業。證，2010年防腐製程通過中華木質構造協會認證，
「很感謝屏科大和台大的幫忙。」李成宗無心結構用集成材不但獲得正字標記，並且是台灣唯一
插柳，沒想到卻讓沒落的傳統產業，覓得一線生符合國家標準CNS11031。至此德豐木業終於站穩
機。當時屏東科技大學到竹山工業區開班講習，腳跟，並且開啟現代木構建築的命脈。
推廣竹材乾燥技術，李成宗好奇去聽看看，立即
無名樹，小卒能量大
聯想到木材能不能運用這套乾燥技術呢？於是和
屏科大建教合作，連太太也全力投入。「吳學旦「取名無名樹，是希望破解大家對名貴木材的
教授是我們的貴人」，引導德豐木業的加工技迷思。」其實所有的樹木，都很珍貴，即使是無
術，一日千里。名樹，只要運用得當，都是好木材。「人造林必

用精密機具加工達到延伸木材長度的榫接工法，
提升木構建築的穩定度。
Precision tools enable the creation of joins that
extend the length of wooden structural members,
making wooden buildings more stable.
木材的年輪，記載春秋不同的生長速度，
是珍貴的環境記憶素材。
The age rings of trees record the variability
in seasonal growth rates from year to year,
providing a valuable environmental record.
“It never rains but it pours,” says Li Cheng zong Li says that he’s very grateful to National Pingtung
with a wry smile. “The rice plants failed to produce University of Science and Technology and National
any grain that year. No one had seen anything like it.” Taiwan University for the help they provided in guid-
It was another blow to the elder Li, who had expected ing the rapid advancement of Te Feng’s processing
to support his family by farming. Fortunately, he had a technology.
good reputation and outstanding credit, which encour- NPUST professor Wu Xue dan’s research into
aged some lumber industry peers to lend a hand: they high-temperature drying and preservation enabled Te
advanced him enough money to cut some trees, which Feng to cut the time required to dry its lumber from 30
enabled him to rebuild his business. “Father always days to just three, while also producing high-quality
told us that honesty was a valuable intangible asset.” lumber. It was a turning point for the company.
Li Chengzong has instilled the same principles in his Different woods have different characteristics, with
own children. each having applications for which it is best suited. In
Revitalizing a sunset industry 2009, Te Feng earned ISO 9001 quality management
The good times didn’t last long after Li Chengzong certification for its structural glued-laminated timber
took over the company. “My generation saw the lum- (glulam), which uses a variety of woods and manu-
ber industry peak and then go into gradual decline.” facturing technologies. Te Feng’s glulam has since re-
When the steel industry began to take off around 1981, ceived Taiwan’s CNS Mark, making it the only domes-
steel rebar gradually became a ubiquitous replacement tic product to have gained certification under the CNS
for wood as a construction material. “Around that 11031 national standard. The company has also earned
time the number of lumber companies in Zhu shan certification from the Chinese Wood Construction
plummeted from about 100 to only ten,” says Li. Buildings Association for its rot-proofing processes.
111
泰華茶屋是採用預製組裝的木構建築，
大幅節省現場施作的時間。（德豐木業提供）
Prefabricating and pre-assembling the wooden
Taihua Tea House in Shenzhen, mainland China,
greatly reduced on-site construction time.
(courtesy of Te Feng Lumber)
此脆弱，那麼用自家現成的材料，回歸老祖宗的
房舍，會不會更經得起考驗？「一切從頭學起，
蓋了3年才完工」，木構建築深奧的內涵，讓李
須定期疏林，樹才會長高長大。」這些看似廢料文雄沉迷探究。走進李家挑高4米8的迎賓大廳，
的小雜木，只要經過加工處理，「強度可以增加跨距長達6米的主樑，大氣沉穩地支撐著整個家
2倍以上」，成為棟樑之材。只有供需市場滿足族。3層樓的仿古木構建築，結合現代工法和材
了，原始森林才能成功保育。料，展現古樸的氣勢。
「樹木全身都是寶，即使是碎木屑，也有價「一般人認為木構建築不可靠，現在都有技術
值。」愛惜木材的李成宗，看到工廠裁切後的邊克服。」德豐運用無毒或低毒性處理，讓木材耐
料，聯想到父親製作的木質生活用品，興起回饋候保存，抗拒蟲害。環保型硼酸鹽木材耐燃保存
社區的念頭。近二十年前就在國立台灣工藝所的處理，品質達到內政部耐燃3級標準。「我們都
積極輔導下，搭上「社區總體營造」列車、社區認為鋼鐵比木材堅固耐火，但是當溫度達到臨界
工藝家扶植計畫，運用既有的資源，結合地方特點，鋼鐵會脆弱到瞬間崩毀。」反而是木材燃燒
色，推動社區發展，形成文化產業，振興地方經後炭化，會形成天然的絕緣層。「這些都是推動
濟。「木材可以由大變小，也可以由小變大。」木構建築時，客戶心中的疑慮。」德豐用具有公
一生沉浸在林木中的李成宗，覺得木材加工就像信力的實驗數據，建立市場信心。
魔法，樂趣無窮。 2005年德豐木業開始跨足建築，十多年來，接
案50餘件，由中台灣到南、北、東台灣，甚至加
創意組合，挑戰木構極限
拿大、深圳，都留下足跡，也創下無數讓人激賞
「921地震，我們的家也倒了。」李文雄和弟的建築作品。
弟李岳峰銜命肩負起重建家園的重任。「日本很「木頭的可塑性很高。」2009年德豐木業和
多百年古蹟都是用木頭蓋的」，既然水泥磚塊如姜樂靜建築師合作的台中大墩國小體育館屋頂，

The power of anonymity Exploring wood’s capabilities
“We call our glulam product ‘the name- When the Li family home was among
less tree’ to distance it from the myths peo- those knocked down by the Jiji Earthquake
ple associate with woods from well known in 1999, Chengzong’s sons Richard and Ja-
tree species.” In fact, all trees are precious, son Lee took on the task of rebuilding it. “It
and even wood from “nameless” trees is took us three years to complete. We had
useful in the right applications. to learn everything from scratch.” Along
“Every part of a tree should be trea- the way, Richard fell in love with the art of
sured. Even wood shavings have value.” building wooden structures.
When Li Chengzong looked at the trim- “Technological workarounds now exist
mings scattered around the factory, he for all of the problems we traditionally as-
recalled the everyday products his father sociate with building in wood.” For exam-
made, and began thinking about giving ple, Te Feng uses non-toxic or low-toxicity
back to the community. Nearly 20 years processes to make its woods durable and
ago, those thoughts led him to climb pest-resistant. The company has earned
aboard the community development the market’s trust through its use of exper-
bandwagon and get involved in the effort imental data to back up its claims, and has
to promote community crafts, under the developed an environmentally friendly
guidance of what is now called the Na- borate preservation treatment that also
tional Taiwan Craft Research and Develop- meets the Ministry of the Interior’s Tier-3
ment Institute. This institute’s community standard for flame resistance.
development program draws on extant Te Feng expanded into construction in
resources and the character of individual 2005. It has worked on more than 50 proj-
communities to establish cultural indus- ects in the years since, racking up admira-
tries, promote community development, ble firsts all over Taiwan, and as far afield
and revitalize local economies. as Canada and Shenzhen.
南園風檐是一項裝置藝術，以榫接方式完成
接合，在新竹強風中屹立不搖。
（德豐木業提供）
The joinery techniques used to assemble this
wooden art installation at the One Nanyuan
retreat center keep it stable in Hsinchu’s
powerful winds. (courtesy of Te Feng Lumber)
113
德豐木業第三代傳人李文雄，
用現代工法，突顯木構建築獨特的風韻。
Te Feng Lumber, a family-owned business
now run by Richard Lee, the founder’s
grandson, is using modern methods to
highlight the charm of wooden buildings.
40米跨距的彎曲集成材，是國產結構使用集成流露高雅氣質。「木材是活的，潮濕時，它會吸
材的第一例。收水氣，等到天氣乾燥時，它又緩緩釋放。」物
2016年完成的台東池上車站氣勢壯闊的大廳，理調節的原始特性，讓木構建築更加舒適寧靜。
單支曲樑長度達8.5米，是台灣現今尺度最大的國由抗拒到接納，由生疏到嫻熟，李家第三代的
產結構用彎曲集成材建築。材積數量超過100立李文雄和李岳峰走出守成，用創新開展傳統產業
方公尺，以內埋鐵板方式組裝，再用金屬摩擦栓寬廣的未來。「木材的含碳量很高，如果把碳保
嚴密固定。採取特殊工法，保障結構安全。一次存在木材裡，阻斷碳足跡，就是節能減碳。」減
又一次，挑戰木構建築的極限。少鋼鐵的用量，就可以杜絕提煉的污染。德豐守
護大地的願景，吸引三十多位年輕人用熱忱和專
現代工法，創新木構好宅
業，齊心投注。
直到「半半齋」，德豐突破材料供應商和局「台灣有很好的實力，只是沒有整合。」千年
部輔佐的角色，獨挑大樑。初試啼聲，就讓人驚傳承的優良工法，搭配現代的精密元件，競爭力
豔，抱回2018台灣住宅建築首獎。「半半齋」用無庸置疑。客製化的商品，高品質的精密焊接技
高規格訂製扣件，取代傳統榫接的現代工法，讓術，與國外產品相比，絲毫不遜色。而今老師傅
木構建築與時俱進，更加穩固。整棟建築沒有過猶在，卻欠缺搭配工班。「我希望建置出系統化
多的綴飾，善用木材的本質，傳遞溫潤的禪語，的工法」，當一切元件和流程都上了軌道，就可
愈是開放，愈是無拘，創造出無限的可能。以克服現今木構建築施作費用高，施工時間長的
「半半齋」因地制宜，運用了六、七種不同的種種阻礙。這是德豐木業的宏願，也是品味木構
木料，時時飄散著原木的馨香。既具功能性，更好宅的契機。 l

那瑪夏圖書館的木構屋頂，
是德豐木業再一次挑戰木構
與金屬扣件的結合。
（林格立攝）
Te Feng again pushed the
envelope on the use of wood
with metal fasteners when
building the wooden roof
structure of the library at Min
Chyuan Elementary School
in Kaohsiung’s Namaxia
District. (photo by Jimmy Lin)
“Wood has a high degree of plasticity.” In 2009, Te The “Half-Half House” fits well into its surround-
Feng and architect Chiang Le-ching created a roof for ings. Built from six or seven varieties of timber, it smells
the gym at Taichung’s Da Dun Elementary School that pleasantly of wood, and is elegant looking as well as
required curved glulam to span 40 meters. It was the functional.
first use of domestically produced glulam. Building on the accomplishments of their elders,
In 2016, the company used 8.5-meter-long arched Richard and Jason Lee are using innovation to open up
glulam beams to construct the concourse of Chishang new vistas for an old industry.
Train Station in Taitung, the longest structural glulam “Taiwan has outstanding capabilities, but they aren’t
produced in Taiwan to date. The structural members, very well integrated.” Taiwan’s customized parts and
comprising more than 100 cubic meters of material, high-quality precision welding are a match for anything
were assembled using steel connector plates and fric- produced abroad, and Te Feng’s efforts to combine thou-
tion bolts to ensure the structure’s stability. With this sand-year-old methods with modern precision parts
project and others, Te Feng has continued to push the have yielded very competitive results. The Lees believe
boundaries of what can be built with wood. that getting all Te Feng’s products and processes on
Modern methods track will enable the company to overcome wood con-
The “Half-Half House” project extended Te Feng’s struction’s high costs and relatively slow build times.
business model, successfully modernized and further Doing so will not only mean achieving a corporate am-
stabilized wooden construction through its use of high- bition, but will also provide the public with the opportu-
grade custom fasteners instead of traditional joinery, nity to appreciate the pleasures of wooden homes. l
and earned the company a 2018 Taiwan Residential (Lee Shan Wei/photos by Chuang Kung-ju/
Architecture Award. tr. by Scott Williams)
115
多元族群　COVER
封面故事　 COMMUNITIES
STORY
泰國移工的
心靈導師
台泰溝通橋梁 ── 陶雲升
Asoke Srichantr: Spiritual Mentor to
Thai Migrant Workers
文•郭玉平　圖•林旻萱　版面設計•蕭郢岑
「我本身是泰國人，又有中華民國國籍，盡
自己的力量做有助於兩邊社會的事，我想這是義 “A s a Thai who is also a citizen of the Repub-
lic of China, I spare no effort to do things
that benefit both societies. I believe this is my duty,”
不容辭的。」在泰語廣播及政府活動舞台上熱情
says Asoke Sri chantr, who enthusiastically hosts
主持的陶雲升，私底下卻寡言少語，時常沉思；
Thai-language broadcasts and takes the stage at
而當電話響起，又肩負起為泰國貿易經濟辦事處 government events. In private, he is reticent and
（簡稱「泰辦處」）服務的雙重身分，多方聯 often contemplative; but when the phone rings, he
繫，處處機鋒，作為政府與移工的溝通橋梁。 shoulders the additional role of working for the
Thailand Trade and Economic Office in Taipei, li-
隨著政府對東南亞移工及新住民愈發重視，每 aising widely and speaking articulately as a bridge
年東南亞的開齋節和潑水節等重要節慶，國內各 facilitating communications between Thai migrant
workers and the Thai and Taiwan governments.
縣市舉辦大型活動吸引萬人齊聚，經常參加泰語
活動的人，一定會認得陶雲升高亢的聲音。
Asoke Sri chantr came to Taiwan nearly 40 years
陶雲升來台近40年，「聲」跡縱橫泰語主持 ago, and today the sound of his voice is omnipresent
界，長期為泰籍移工解決問題，是移工公認的心 at events presided over by Thai-language presenters.
靈導師。他默默付出，不居功名，如今（2018） He has long solved problems for Thai migrant workers,
年4月震驚社會的桃園敬鵬工廠大火事件，有2名 among whom he is recognized as a spiritual mentor. He
泰籍移工及6名消防員罹難，沒人曉得為桃園市 makes his contribution quietly, oblivious to recognition.
For example, in the Chin Poon factory fire in Taoyuan
政府與罹難移工家屬奔波聯繫的人，就是他。
that shocked society this April, two Thai workers and
佛家慈悲思想與捨我其誰的承擔，如何深植陶
six firefighters tragically died. Few people know, how-
雲升心底，這得從他的童年說起。
ever, that it was Srichantr who undertook the busy task

117
圈，讓他與聽友締結善緣，也攀上高峰，2013年
與收音機的不解之緣
獲得廣播金鐘獎的肯定。
低調的陶雲升鮮少說起自己的過去，身為泰國
泰國出家風俗
華人，他從小生活在泰國清邁，對電子產品很感
興趣，尤其是收音機。陶雲升每次看父親開啟家陶雲升童年曾短期出家、還俗的經歷，在普傳
裡那台老式飛利浦收音機，「我就覺得裡面是不大乘佛教的台灣並不常見，但在泰國是相當稀鬆
是有人啊？可是爸爸把他拆開來曬太陽，我看又平常的事。
沒人啊！」也在父親的教育下，養成每天收聽美小乘佛教是泰國最主要的宗教信仰，「男子
國VOA、英國BBC、澳洲ABC等國際廣播的習一生中要當一次和尚」是不成文的「義務」。出
慣。家3天、3個月或3年都隨個人志願，隨時可以還
陶雲升和收音機的不解之緣不僅於此，11歲出俗，前泰國國王拉瑪九世蒲美蓬亦曾按習俗短期
家當沙彌，每天研讀佛法和小學課程，一有閒暇出家15天。
就拆解收音機研究構造，無師自通，學會組裝免泰國人認為，當和尚能夠學習作人的道理，尤
用電池的礦石收音機。畢業還俗後，繼續到技術其在年輕時研修佛學，可養成良好的道德觀念。所
學院主修電子工程學，1980年代正逢台灣電子業以很多女孩子認為男朋友要先去當和尚，才能結
起飛，陶雲升順勢來台發揮所學。婚。此外，也有人希望藉由出家修行，以報答父母
來台6年後，收音機再度成為他的人生轉捩的養育之恩。
點，陶雲升勇於嘗試，報考亞洲之聲廣播電台的至於家境貧困促成出家機緣，是泰國民間的另
泰語主持人。一面向。許多經濟狀況不佳的家庭，為了讓孩子
亞洲之聲是當時行政院新聞局委託中國廣播電接受更好的教育，會把孩子送到寺廟當沙彌。
台管理的海外電台，報考泰語主持的競爭對手多陶雲升靦腆地說自己出家是「因為家裡不富有
達70人，很多是在台留學畢業的泰籍華人，人才啦！吃飯沒問題，但是要供你去上學是不太可能，
濟濟。由於陶雲升長年收聽國際廣播，熟悉國際所以我從小跟著師父到廟裡去出家兼唸書。」
政經專業用語，以及在台工作經歷豐富，脫穎而陶雲升藉著出家才能讀書，貧困並未打倒他的
出，成為亞洲之聲泰語主持人。心志，反將逆境轉變為積極求學的墊腳石。他在
或許陶雲升從沒想過，童年好奇開啟收音機，短時間內研習完國中及高中課程，畢業後就在廟
也開啟了他精彩的廣播人生。從電子業到廣播裡教其他小沙彌英文、科學和電子學。

泰國公共電視台來台採訪，由陶雲升翻譯解說。 industry was just taking off, so Srichantr came to the
（中央廣播電台提供） island to put his studies to good use.
Srichantr interpreting for an interview conducted in Taiwan
by the Thai Public Broadcasting Service. (courtesy of RTI) Six years after his arrival in Taiwan, the radio once
again played a pivotal role in his life. Srichantr applied
for the position of Thai announcer at the Voice of Asia,
of liaising between local officials and the families of the then managed by Taiwan’s Broadcasting Corporation of
Thai victims. China. Thanks to his many years listening to overseas
To understand how Buddhist compassion and a news broadcasts and his familiarity with international
willingness to selflessly throw himself into such chal- political and economic terminology, he stood out among
lenges took root in Srichantr’s heart, we must look to his the 70 applicants.
childhood. With this appointment, Srichantr’s remarkable career
Unbreakable bond with radio in broadcasting took off. He established excellent rela-
Low-key Srichantr rarely speaks of his past, but he re- tions with many listeners, and attained the pinnacle of
veals that as an overseas Chinese growing up in Chiang success in 2013 when the program he was hosting won
Mai, Thailand, from his earliest years he was particularly a Golden Bell Award.
fascinated by the radio. Guided by his father, he devel- Monkhood: A Thai custom
oped the habit of listening to international broadcasters Srichantr’s childhood experience of spending a short
such as the Voice of America, the British Broadcasting Cor- period as a monk, followed by reversion to lay life, is
poration, and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. not typical in Taiwan, where Mahayana Buddhism is
The unbreakable bond between Srichantr and radio widespread, but it is commonplace in Thailand.
didn’t end there. At 11 years of age, he was ordained as a The Theravada school of Buddhism is Thailand’s
novice monk. Whenever he had free time, he took radios principal religious faith. “A man must serve as a monk
apart to observe their structure, and learned on his own once in his life” is an unwritten duty. Be it for three
how to assemble a battery-free unit containing a crystal days, months or years, it is an individual choice, and
radio receiver. After graduation and once again a layman, one can return to lay life at any time. Even the late King
he went on to major in electrical engineering at a techni- Bhumibol Adulyadej, who passed away in 2016, did a
cal college. It was the 1980s, when Taiwan’s electronics 15-day stint as a novice monk.
119
廣播人不再隱身台
後，因應媒體新潮
流，轉型推出網路影
音直播節目。（中央
廣播電台提供）
No longer invisible:
Joining the trend
toward new media,
Srichantr appears
before viewers as
he launches live
video programming.
(courtesy of RTI)
陶雲升說，出家那6年自己年紀太小不懂大道事，1999年雲林台塑六輕廠爆發嚴重的移工衝突
理，只會背誦，長大之後才發現當年背讀的佛學事件，來自泰國和菲律賓的工人互丟石塊、汽油
經典，「對人生哲學和作人處事方面，還滿有幫彈，大批警力無法遏止，泰辦處長官和陶雲升趕
助的。」到現場與泰籍移工溝通。陶雲升看暴動人群手持
棍棒沒有退散的態勢，跟鎮暴警察借用擴音器，
泰籍移工的心靈導師
用泰語和移工說明政府單位會介入，以解決廠商
佛學在陶雲升心底埋下一份慈憫的情懷，他體高壓管理的問題，「希望大家能夠遵循泰國人的
察到移工聽友的需求，在廣播節目中開設法律常溫良美德，我數到三，你們就把東西全部放下回
識單元，開放聽友call in諮詢，甚至邀請泰辦處處去宿舍，能不能配合？」陶雲升的聲音彷彿有鎮
長來解說法規。節目從亞洲之聲，一直延續到後定的魔力，他一數到三，移工們陸續放下棍棒回
來的中央廣播電台（簡稱「央廣」），30年來為宿舍，解除危機。
眾多聽友解惑。其實陶雲升當下也很擔心逾千名的移工不願意
不像現在可撥打「1955勞工專線」諮詢申訴，配合，不過因為「我們在節目中說明法律常識、
早期泰籍移工都是透過這個節目來釐清資訊，並跟聽友聊天、幫他們解決問題，所以他們比較信
化解許多勞資誤會。陶雲升說，有些誤會是由於任吧！」
台泰習俗差異造成的，例如泰國人認為頭部是很他鄉遇故知的喜悅有如久旱逢甘霖，移工遠
神聖的，不能亂摸，而台灣人多以拍肩摸頭表示從泰國飛到台灣，在陌生的環境聽著不熟悉的語
親切，就有移工因為雇主輕輕摸頭的動作而生氣言，儘管遭遇糾紛也有苦難言，藉由陶雲升的
逃跑或離職返鄉。泰語廣播節目，能暢所欲言、受益解惑，實是旱
「我有廣播的資源，又有泰辦處的正確資訊來地甘霖之喜。林口發電廠工作十多年的泰籍移
源，我想結合這兩方面去幫助他們。」陶雲升說，工梅山說：「我們都叫他『陶老師』，聽陶老師
原本泰籍移工的逃跑率在印泰越菲4國裡是最高的，說話，就像爸爸媽媽在旁邊教你一樣，大家都會
節目播出後即大幅下降，成為四國最低。聽。」陶雲升如移工在台的第二父母，溫柔的叮
關於協助溝通，陶雲升談到另一件印象深刻的嚀都銘記在移工們的心裡。

Thais believe that serving as a monk can nurture a Cracking Plant #6 in Yunlin County. Srichantr and senior
healthy set of values. Many parents hope that via monk- TTEO officials rushed to the scene that night. Seeing that
hood, their sons can learn how to lead a proper life; the the rioters had clubs in their hands and showed no sign
boys, for their part, hope to show their gratitude to their of retreating, Srichantr borrowed a megaphone from the
parents for raising them. Poverty can also be a motivat- police, and explained to the Thai participants that the
ing factor. “My family wasn’t well off! They couldn’t Thai and Taiwan governments would intervene in or-
pay for my education,” says Sri chantr bashfully, “so der to resolve the issue of the employer’s high-pressure
when I was young I left home to become a monk and management practices. “I hope that everyone can respect
study with a master at the temple.” our traditional Thai virtue of moderation. When I count
Recalling his six years as a monk, spent reciting the to three, place the things in your hands on the ground
Buddhist classics alongside his high-school studies, Sri- and return to your dormitories. Could I have your coop-
chantr comments that “those years were very useful in eration, please?” His voice seemed to possess a magical
shaping my outlook on life and my behavior” now that calming quality, and at the count of three, the migrant
he is an adult. workers gradually did as requested and returned to their
Spiritual mentor to the Thai migrant community housing, thereby ending the crisis.
Buddhism has planted a sense of compassion in Sri- In fact, at that instant Srichantr himself was worried
chantr ’s heart. Recognizing the needs of his migrant that the workers—numbering over 1000—might not co-
worker audience, he devoted a segment during his show operate. But “since we popularize the basics of the law
to imparting basic legal knowledge and invited listeners via our show, and chat with the audience and help them
to call in and seek advice. He even invited the director resolve problems, they’re fairly trusting of us!”
of the Thailand Trade and Economic Office in Taipei Srichantr goes the extra mile, serving as a Taiwan-
(TTEO) to explain legal regulations. Beginning based surrogate “parent” for migrant workers on the
with Voice of Asia right down to today’s island, so his gentle admonitions are imprinted
show on Radio Taiwan International in their hearts.
(RTI)—covering three decades—he
has been demystifying the law for 儘管寫信人口銳減，泰語聽友
his listeners. 每月仍有三、四百封來信。
Despite a sharp decline in letter
Before the current 24-hour writing, Thai-language
“1955 Hotline” was put in place listeners still send in
three or four hundred
for migrant workers to seek each month.
advice or lodge complaints, Thai
workers would call Srichantr ’s
show to clarify information and
resolve misunderstandings between
workers and their employers. Previously,
the percentage of Thai workers who abandoned
their jobs was the highest among those coming
from Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and the
Philippines; but after the show began broad-
casting, the rate fell sharply to become the
lowest among the four nationalities that year.
Regarding his role in facilitating intercul-
tural communication, Sri chantr recounts an
incident that left a strong impression. In 1999,
a serious conflict involving Thai and Filipino
workers broke out at Formosa Plastics’ Naphtha
121
由泰辦處與央廣合辦的「泰想見到您」活動，
已提供五十多名泰籍優良勞工的子女來台省親。
（中央廣播電台提供）
Thanks to the “Thai Workers Family Reunion”
activity cosponsored by the TTEO and RTI, more
than 50 Thai children have come to Taiwan to visit
a parent who is working here. (courtesy of RTI)
率先轉型經營新媒體 Pioneering switch to new media

Srichantr set a precedent among foreign-language
隨著時代轉變，使用收音機收聽廣播的人口減
broadcasters in Taiwan by mobilizing Thai presenters
少，泰語聽友來信也從一個月兩、三千封減少到
at RTI to jointly host a Facebook fan page. Based on the
三、四百封，而網路收聽廣播的人數增加，網路 page’s analytics, it is evident that it is highly interactive.
的留言訊息也倍增。 One post alone—providing information on a typhoon—
陶雲升在外語廣播圈首開先例，他召集央廣泰 has notched up more than 1000 “likes.”
語主持人一起經營Facebook粉絲專頁，從後台的 Srichantr ’s initial motivation was that he sympa-
「洞悉報告」可以看出粉絲互動十分熱絡，光是 thized with Thai listeners who couldn’t read Chinese,
and he simply hoped he could help share information
一則颱風資訊的貼文就有超過一千五百多個讚。
via the web about local or Thai weather reports, currency
但陶雲升不是刻意「率先」，傑出的點閱率
exchange rates and major political events. But unexpec-
其實是無心插柳。起初是體恤泰籍朋友看不懂中 tedly, these practical tips attracted more than 30,000 fol-
文，希望藉由網路分享台泰的氣象、匯率及國 lowers, and even Thai media began citing the news on
家大事，善盡第二父母的職責，叮嚀「颱風要來 this fan page, updating Thais back in their home country
了，要小心！」、「新台幣升值了，現在匯錢回 about the status of their fellow citizens in Taiwan.
泰會多更多」……等，實用的生活資訊吸引來三 Transitioning to operating new media like Facebook
and YouTube is the trend in radio and television. This
萬多人追蹤，甚至泰國媒體會直接引用他們粉絲
calls for launching audio and video programs that more
專頁上的新聞，於泰國推播泰人在台灣的狀況。
closely match the needs of people, and the way listening
轉型經營新媒體如Facebook、YouTube，是廣
and viewing audiences consume them. Cross- media
播和電視媒體的趨勢，因應觀眾收聽收看型態， management is a fresh experience for Srichantr, but he
推出更貼近民眾需求的影音節目。雖然跨領域經 is enthusiastic about it as he surfs the waves of this new
營對陶雲升又是新的嘗試，但「得到的反應都是 media tide. l
正面的，我們覺得很值得！」陶雲升仍抱著熱 (Camille Kuo/photos by Lin Min-hsuan/
情，在媒體新潮流中揚帆前行。 l tr. by Bruce Humes)

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全 球 ． 在 地 ． 人 文

中華民國107年9月 第43卷 第9期

The Wave House

A mid the rise of “smart cities” around

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have begun to appear. China Motor Corporation gained

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此時，農村的主 舞 台上，有中 秋 菜、烏肚子、芫 荽、茴香、甜 椒、秋

節種下的橙蜜香小番茄，有國慶日 葵、九 層塔、蔥、紅莧 菜、芥 菜、葉

施 肥 落 種 的 白 玉 蘿 蔔，也 有 一 些 萵 苣、皺 葉 萵 苣、茄 子、韭 菜 和 南

這些年紅透半邊天的紅豆。 椰 菜、白 菜、小 白 菜、青 江 菜 這 些

正緩緩升起，笠嬤花陸 續上場。她 就 超過十多種深 淺不一的自然 綠

們穿入 屋旁、站上圳邊、踩進畸零 彩，再 加上剛開花的茄子，點上一

地，個個好 整以暇捲起 衣袖，準備 抹粉紫，爬上水圳騰空的南瓜藤，

老 伯姆，正 蹲 在水 圳邊，全心全 意 伯 姆 厲 害 的 不 只 於 此，她 的 每

是 她 和 老 伴 一 起 種 的 裡 作，一 旁 苣 叢 中，呈 現 深 綠 淺 綠 的 渲 染 效 碎 花，還有 粉紫 粉紫的吊菜 花（客

水利地上的菜園，是她個人的私密 果；在打烏子和萵苣糊成一片的綠 家 人稱 茄 子為「吊菜」，吊菜 花 即

天地，就像 英國作家 維 吉尼亞．吳 意 裡，有 幾 棵 甜 椒 幼 株 悄 悄 隱 匿 茄 子 花）喔！超 厲 害！」我 豎 起 拇

爾芙所說的「自己的房間」那樣。 其 中，像 是 大 合 唱 中 不 時 發 出 的 指向她致意。

走在水圳旁，我邊走邊數，「一、 叮噹聲 響。老 伯姆的作品，是一幅 「沒有啦！剛種完紅豆半個月，

二、三、四、五……」還 沒 有 數 完， 大 型 的 地 景 藝 術，就 差 沒 裱 框 入 比 較有時間，就在這裡種 點菜，自

伯姆就問：「汝算麼个啊？」（妳在 館供世人詠歎了。 己 家 裡 可 以 吃，還 有 我 嫁 到 高 雄

數什麼啊？） 我 一 邊 拍 照 一 邊 走 向 伯 姆，她 的 女 兒，每 個 星 期 也 會 帶 回 她 家

（我在算妳種幾種菜。） 就這樣在菜園中線交會。她問我： 颱 風 剛過，天 氣 涼 涼 地，無 風，

自己算過，十九種。） 七八糟菜啦！」 沒多久，產業道路那頭傳來一台

伯姆充滿自信地回答。果然，經 「妳的菜園好漂亮，好多好多菜 老 舊 摩 托 車 的 喘 聲，騎 車 的 人 正

我一一點名記錄，這片長約一百公 喔！綠色的花椰菜、白色的九 層 塔 是 伯 姆 的 小 娘 姑（客 家 人 對 小 姑

娘家向大嫂求救，想到菜園採幾樣 非常甜。）伯姆開心地說。 嫂，是我的福氣啊！）

新鮮好料回婆家應颱風天的急。 在 農村，姑嫂關係 很微 妙，有些 老 伯姆 回答：「 汝 等兩个人講毋

伯姆一看到小娘姑就熱情招呼， 是世仇，有些 情比 姊妹深，成因 複 著欸，係 要 感謝汝等，感謝汝等

「 喔！共 快 來 手哇！烏肚子 都愛 雜。而菜園是女性的場 子，可以傳 來尋 聊！」（你們 兩 個 人 這 樣 講

打 花 欸，毋 食 會 老 核 啊，共 快 來 遞 家 族 訊 息，也 是 開 放 式 的 心 理 不對，是我要 感 謝 妳們，謝 謝 妳們

忙啊！龍 葵 都 要開花了，不 吃 就 老 力。說 到底，菜園是食材產地也是 農村情

54 台灣光華 Taiwan Panorama 2018/09

農村學：姆媽係泥肉（母親 深處傳來，撞擊腹部的力量強烈， 論是懷孕還是哺乳，母身既是子宮

是土壤） 痛，越 來 越 深、越 來 越 長，我可以 也 是 食 物，靜 靜 地 供 養 孕 育 生 命

還 沒 有 當 媽 媽 以 前，常 看 到 一 感覺到孩子在子宮內，也同時承受 所需的一切條 件。我 看著自己，從

些 文 章，提 及 土 地 有 如 母 親 之 類 巨大的壓迫和推擠。 女 人 變 成 媽 媽，有 如 在 看 一 棵 樹

的描述，常感 到不以為然。不過自 我一直想像著，陣痛是長 浪，孩 成 林、一滴水變 海，或是 方寸田地

從 成 為 兩 個 小 男 孩 的 媽 媽 後，我 子 跟 我 一 起 乘 浪 前 行。我 們 努 力 變成寬 廣大地一樣，一時之間，身

全球．在地．人文

中華民國107年9月第43卷第9期

形非常少見。些新芽。如果都市的人，也能欣賞

村的人獨享。太平洋和南海間，重創菲律賓。還

農，是都市與自然之中，最無捏慢步輕搖羅裙，才從中颱、輕颱

態。沒有農，都市與自然之間，不低氣壓，輕輕地滋潤著台灣這座

此時，農村的主舞台上，有中秋菜、烏肚子、芫荽、茴香、甜椒、秋

節種下的橙蜜香小番茄，有國慶日葵、九層塔、蔥、紅莧菜、芥菜、葉

施肥落種的白玉蘿蔔，也有一些萵苣、皺葉萵苣、茄子、韭菜和南

這些年紅透半邊天的紅豆。椰菜、白菜、小白菜、青江菜這些

正緩緩升起，笠嬤花陸續上場。她就超過十多種深淺不一的自然綠

們穿入屋旁、站上圳邊、踩進畸零彩，再加上剛開花的茄子，點上一

地，個個好整以暇捲起衣袖，準備抹粉紫，爬上水圳騰空的南瓜藤，

老伯姆，正蹲在水圳邊，全心全意伯姆厲害的不只於此，她的每

是她和老伴一起種的裡作，一旁苣叢中，呈現深綠淺綠的渲染效碎花，還有粉紫粉紫的吊菜花（客

水利地上的菜園，是她個人的私密果；在打烏子和萵苣糊成一片的綠家人稱茄子為「吊菜」，吊菜花即

天地，就像英國作家維吉尼亞．吳意裡，有幾棵甜椒幼株悄悄隱匿茄子花）喔！超厲害！」我豎起拇

爾芙所說的「自己的房間」那樣。其中，像是大合唱中不時發出的指向她致意。

走在水圳旁，我邊走邊數，「一、叮噹聲響。老伯姆的作品，是一幅「沒有啦！剛種完紅豆半個月，

二、三、四、五……」還沒有數完，大型的地景藝術，就差沒裱框入比較有時間，就在這裡種點菜，自

伯姆就問：「汝算麼个啊？」（妳在館供世人詠歎了。己家裡可以吃，還有我嫁到高雄

數什麼啊？）我一邊拍照一邊走向伯姆，她的女兒，每個星期也會帶回她家

（我在算妳種幾種菜。）就這樣在菜園中線交會。她問我：颱風剛過，天氣涼涼地，無風，

自己算過，十九種。）七八糟菜啦！」沒多久，產業道路那頭傳來一台

伯姆充滿自信地回答。果然，經「妳的菜園好漂亮，好多好多菜老舊摩托車的喘聲，騎車的人正

我一一點名記錄，這片長約一百公喔！綠色的花椰菜、白色的九層塔是伯姆的小娘姑（客家人對小姑

娘家向大嫂求救，想到菜園採幾樣非常甜。）伯姆開心地說。嫂，是我的福氣啊！）

新鮮好料回婆家應颱風天的急。在農村，姑嫂關係很微妙，有些老伯姆回答：「汝等兩个人講毋

伯姆一看到小娘姑就熱情招呼，是世仇，有些情比姊妹深，成因複著欸，係　要感謝汝等，感謝汝等

「喔！共快來　手哇！烏肚子都愛雜。而菜園是女性的場子，可以傳來尋　聊！」（你們兩個人這樣講

打花欸，毋食會老核啊，共快來遞家族訊息，也是開放式的心理不對，是我要感謝妳們，謝謝妳們

忙啊！龍葵都要開花了，不吃就老力。說到底，菜園是食材產地也是農村情

農村學：姆媽係泥肉（母親深處傳來，撞擊腹部的力量強烈，論是懷孕還是哺乳，母身既是子宮

是土壤）痛，越來越深、越來越長，我可以也是食物，靜靜地供養孕育生命

還沒有當媽媽以前，常看到一感覺到孩子在子宮內，也同時承受所需的一切條件。我看著自己，從

些文章，提及土地有如母親之類巨大的壓迫和推擠。女人變成媽媽，有如在看一棵樹

的描述，常感到不以為然。不過自我一直想像著，陣痛是長浪，孩成林、一滴水變海，或是方寸田地

從成為兩個小男孩的媽媽後，我子跟我一起乘浪前行。我們努力變成寬廣大地一樣，一時之間，身

慢慢可以理解，為什麼土地會被脫離彼此的身體，卻也接上了更體不再由自己獨佔，而是變成恆

比喻成母親了。深刻的聯繫。躺在產檯上，聽到孩溫恆濕穩定的棲地，以及過濾循

我是個有福報的孕婦，懷兩胎子第一聲大哭，我告訴自己：「這環功能完美的食物轉化器。

完全沒有不適，吃得飽、睡得好，輩子，再也沒有什麼事情可以難生命如此美好！孩子藉由我們

雖然體型變胖、腳也大了半號，但倒我了。」的身體來到這個世界，看似是父

還是一樣東奔西跑四處採訪。懷孩子出生後，又是一連串挑戰，母無盡付出，但路程上的奇遇，反

老大的時候，剛好遇到八八風災，有時候甚至會累到腦海裡出現而才讓人有機會進一步探索，生命

我挺著大肚上山下海拍高屏溪沿「真想把小鬼塞回去」的念頭。可在宇宙之中的意義。

輕的寡婦，帶著稚齡的幼兒，隱忍低調，是安身適紀念館中，洋洋灑灑的學經歷，以及 33個榮譽

輔導當地中小企業升級轉型，B D I便主動爭取在產業蛻變的時刻，更加仰賴優秀的人才，企

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