Salt, also known as- table salt, or rock salt, is a mineral that is composed primarily of sodium chloride.

It is
essential for animal life in small quantities, but is harmful to animals and plants in excess. Salt is one of the oldest, most
ubiquitous food seasonings and salting is an important method of food preservation. The taste of salt (saltiness) is one of
the basic human tastes

Salt for human consumption is produced in different forms: unrefined salt (such as sea salt), refined salt (table salt),
and iodized salt. It is a crystalline solid, white, pale pink or light gray in color, normally obtained from sea water or rock
deposits. Edible rock salts may be slightly grayish in color because of mineral content.

Chloride and sodium ions, the two major components of salt, are needed by all known living creatures in small
quantities. Salt is involved in regulating the water content (fluid balance) of the body. However, too much salt increases the
risk of health problems, including high blood pressure. Therefore health authorities have recommended limitations of
dietary sodium.[1][2][3][4][5]

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction during which molecules of water (H2O) are split into hydrogen cations (H+)
(conventionally referred to as protons) and hydroxide anions (OH−) in the process of a chemical mechanism.[1][2] It is the
type of reaction that is used to break down certain polymers, especially those made by step-growth polymerization. Such
polymer degradation is usually catalysed by either acid, e.g., concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), or alkali, e.g., sodium
hydroxide (NaOH).

Hydrolysis is distinct from hydration. In hydration, the hydrated molecule does not "lyse" (break into two new
compounds). It should not be confused with hydrogenolysis, a reaction of hydrogen.

A buffer solution is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak
base and its conjugate acid. It has the property that the pH of the solution changes very little when a small amount of strong
acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety
of chemical applications. Many life forms thrive only in a relatively small pH range; an example of a buffer solution is
blood.

The reaction rate or rate of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how
fast or slow a reaction takes place. For example, the oxidation of iron under the atmosphere is a slow reaction which can
take many years, but the combustion of butane in a fire is a reaction that takes place in fractions of a second.

Chemical kinetics is the part of physical chemistry that studies reaction rates. The concepts of chemical kinetics are
applied in many disciplines, such as chemical engineering, enzymology and environmental engineering.

n chemistry, activation energy is a term introduced in 1889 by the Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius, that is
defined as the energy that must be overcome in order for a chemical reaction to occur. Activation energy may also be
defined as the minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction. The activation energy of a reaction is usually denoted
by Ea, and given in units of kilojoules per mole.

Activation energy can be thought of as the height of the potential barrier (sometimes called the energy barrier)
separating two minima of potential energy (of the reactants and products of a reaction). For a chemical reaction to proceed
at a reasonable rate, there should exist an appreciable number of molecules with energy equal to or greater than the
activation energy.

A statement of Le Chatelier's Principle

• If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to
counteract the change.