INSTALLATION An Industry Guide To The Correct Installation of Windows and Doors PDF

Installation
An Industry Guide to the Correct

Installation of Windows and Doors
Background
Foreword
The Australian Window Association is pleased to produce this Industry Guide

for the Installation of Windows and Doors as part of its commitment to raising
the standard of the built performance of windows and doors in Australia.
Australian Window Association
The AWA is a co-operative of window manufacturers and their suppliers.
The Australian Window Association (AWA) aims are:
• To promote and advance the awareness of windows as a major architectural

component in building design.
• To establish and self regulate minimum benchmark standards throughout

Australia. To facilitate the education and marketing of these standards
throughout the industry and wider community.
• To provide a national voice when representing the industry in discussions

and negotiations with government, local authorities, business and trade
associations and organisations, and the private sector.
• To promote and encourage ethical conduct and sound business practice

in the industry.
Note: Methods other than those shown are acceptable. Those detailed
in this publication are typical only and their primary aim is to stop water
from entering the building around the perimeter of window openings

Acknowledgments
Objective
Industry Guide Objective
This Industry Guide to the Installation of Windows and Doors sets out to
provide the basic handling and installation instructions for windows and doors
in residential buildings. By providing this resource as an instruction guide it is
hoped that windows and doors supplied to residential buildings remain valuable
and easy to install and maintain during the construction process.
Acknowledgment
The AWA gratefully acknowledges those member companies whose contribution

of materials and continued support to the AWA Technical Committee and its sub
committees have made this guide possible.
The AWA specially acknowledges Mr. Ian White who was the Executive Manager
of Dispute Management Division for the Queensland Building Services Authority.
Ian set the Association the challenge to produce this installation guide.
Disclaimer
While the AWA has made every effort to ensure that the material within this
guide is accurate, the Australian Window Association will not be liable for any
mistakes, errors or omissions arising as a result of information contained in this
guide.
This Installation Guide is designed to be used in conjunction

with the “Fixing - An Industry Guide to the Correct Fixing of
Windows & Doors” published by the AWA
An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors

Contents
Responsibilities 2
The Building Code of Australia 2
Installation 2
Extract from Appendix D AS2047 3
Methods of identifying windows that comply to AS2047 3
Certificate 4
Pre-installation care of windows 5
Factors that contribute to installation problems 5
Pre-Installation Care 5
Installing Frames Correctly 7

Flashing 9
General 9
Jamb Flashing 9
Head Flashing 9
Sill Flashing 10
Special Care 10
Aluminium Window Installation 12

Brick Veneer Applications 12
Cavity Brick Applications 13
Timber Frame Applications 14
Concrete Block Applications 15
Aluminium Door Installation 16

Timber Window Installation 20


Contents
Timber Door Installation 24

uPVC Window Installation 28

uPVC Door Installation 32


Post Installation Care 36
Soiling 37
Door Tracks and Sills 37
Acid Spills 37
Use of Hose 37
Glass Care 37
Further Information 38
Document No. AWA2010/INSV2

2010 © Copyright Australian Window Association
An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors

Responsibilities
The Building Code of Australia
The Building Code of Australia (BCA) is produced and maintained by the

Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB) on behalf of the Australian Government
and each State and Territory Government.
The BCA is a uniform set of technical provisions for the design and construction
of buildings and other structures throughout Australia. It allows for variations in
climate and geological or geographic conditions.
Under part 3.0, section 3.6.0 of Volume 2 of the BCA, performance requirements
(P2.1 & P2.2.2) are satisfied if windows are designed and constructed in
accordance with AS2047. For glazed assemblies not covered by AS2047
compliance to AS1288 is required.
AS2047 - Windows in buildings: Selection and Installation

AS1288 - Glass in buildings: Selection and Installation
Installation
At all times manufacturer’s installation instructions will be the predominant

procedure for the installation of proprietary windows.
Installers should ensure that manufacturer’s instructions are adopted.
The practices outlined in this guide are not intended to supersede

manufacturer’s instructions but provide basic and generic guidelines in
the absence of such.
Approved PPE (personal protective equipment) should be worn at all

times when handling windows.
Special consideration needs to be given to window and door systems

designed specifically for acoustics and energy efficiency. Reference must
be made to the building designer or installer for installation details.
2 Australian Window Association

Responsibilities
Extract from Appendix D AS2047
1. For housing and other residential buildings the purchaser (building designer
or builder) should nominate the window rating (N or C) when ordering the
window assemblies.
2. For other buildings the purchaser should nominate the design wind
pressures for the window assemblies when ordering the windows.
3. The manufacturer of window assemblies should verify the window rating or

design wind pressures.
Methods of identifying windows that comply to AS2047
Labelling
The label should be positioned so that the window can be identified when viewed
in situ and have the following information marked on the frame:
a. Housing:
1. Manufacturer’s indentification mark.
2. Window rating and water penetration resistance.
b. Residential other than housing:

1. Manufacturer’s identification mark.
2. Serviceability limit state residential ratings.
3. Ultimate limit state residential ratings.
4. Water penetration resistance.
c. Commercial:
1. Manufacturer’s identification mark.
2. Serviceability limit state commercial ratings.
3. Ultimate limit state commercial ratings.
4. Water penetration resistance.
Below is an example of labelling

xyz
This manufacturer certifies that this
AWA product was designed to confrom
DESIGN
with AS2047. The design perfor- PERFORMANCE
mance has been verified by a NATA 700
accredited test laboratory. This Structural Pa
AUSTRALIAN
WINDOW
manufacturer is a member of the C O M PANY Water Resistance
ASSOCIATION AWA Accreditation Program ACCREDITED MEMBER No. AWA XXX 150
An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2010 3

Responsibilities
Certificate
Certificates indicating the window’s performance can be provided for window

assemblies. The manufacturer of the window assembly would normally provide
this certificate.
Below is an example of a certificate
Compliance Certificate
is a participating member of the AWA Accreditation Program, provides a year Guarantee
against faulty w orkmanship a nd m aterials ( refer to M anufacturer’s Warranty), is
committed to the Industry Code of Conduct and has met the requirements of the annual
AWA Compliance Audit conducted by a NATA accredited auditor
This D ocument i s issued i n

accordance w ith NATA’s
accreditation requirements
Accredited f or compliance
with ISO/IEC 17020
Accreditation No. 13739
The manufacturer certifies that the windows and doors supplied to:
Delivered on:
have been manufactured to comply with the Australian Windows Standard AS2047
and Glass Standard AS1288 including human impact requirements as specified in the
order
Date
The Builder/Installer certifies that the windows and doors supplied have been installed
correctly and the human impact glass located in the correct openings
Builder/Installer Date
Visit the website www.awa.org.au for accreditation details Doc No AWA.CC.A2010

Issued 03/2010

Pre-Installation Care
Pre-installation care of windows
Windows should be stored in a clean, dry area away from cement, lime, paint,
acid etc. and must be protected from building materials and loose debris such
as wet plaster, mortar, paint and welding splatter.
• Store in a dry location, under cover where possible, to protect against

damage
• Carry windows in the vertical position with sashes locked
• Do not rack frames out of square
• Prevent exposure to moisture particularly pooling and ponding
• Do not remove any bands (if fitted) from double hung windows until
after installation
• Do not remove corner bracing (if fitted) until after installation.
Factors that contribute to installation problems
Installation problems such as incorrect fitting or the omission of flashings,

smothered or missing weep holes, or the loss of continuity in the water barrier
are the prime cause of leaks in window assemblies.
• Severity of exposure to wind is the most important factor in the specification

and installation of windows and doors in openings. Components and
installation practices acceptable in sheltered situations may quickly fail
when exposed to the full force of the wind and rain.
• Follow the window manufacturer’s installation specification for the

appropriate Terrain Category and height of building; many manufacturers’
brochures provide information for sheltered buildings no more than one
storey high.

Pre-Installation Care
Handle and stack frames carefully on site. Stand them upright on their sills
(bottom of the window as installed), raised off the ground on pieces of timber or
bricks. Stand them against a flat, vertical surface such as a shed and tie firmly
in position.
Do not lean windows against a tree or post as they can be subject to permanent
damage until installed into the building envelope. If the site is bare, lay frames
flat on top of each other with weight evenly distributed to avoid buckling and
distortion.

Installing Frames
Correctly
1. Fit flashing to window surround as required.
2. Measure the frame opening to ensure that there is sufficient room for the
product and additional packing.
Stud Opening:
Height= O/A reveal size + adequate clearance
Width= O/A reveal size + adequate clearance

Clearance dimensions vary between manufacturer’s products. For adequate
clearance refer to window manufacturer’s instructions.
3. Frame must be packed plumb, square and not twisted between the
openings. Ensure the sill is fully supported; failure to do so may result in sill
roll on sliding windows. Sills on all windows and doors must be straight and
level and should be packed and secured.
4. Secure aluminum windows by nailing through reveal in brick veneer

applications. Timber windows should be secured by back nailing through
stud, not face of frame stud. Alternatively, on cavity brick construction use
galvanized building lugs located at 450mm maximum centres.
5. If it is not possible to backnail, wedges should be installed between the

window and the building frame to prevent opening of the frame joints when
nailing is carried out.
6. Keep sashes closed whilst installing frames.
7. Sill bricks should be at least 10 mm clear of window frame to allow settlement

in brick veneer construction.
8. Do not stand on the windows or doors, or use them as a support for

scaffolding, or slide material through the frame. It is important to prevent
any damage to windows and doors during construction.
9. Do not permit weight of eaves or arch bars to bear on any window or door
frame. (Windows and doors are not load bearing)
10. Remove cement mortar and plaster droppings from windows immediately,
taking care to avoid scratching glass and, or frames, as permanent damage
can result. Immediate attention must be given by washing off with water
before material sets.

Installing Frames
Correctly
11. To ensure the satisfactory long term performance of sliding doors, the sill
should be fully supported. Where the sill projects during construction the
sill should be fully supported with temporary supports until sill bricks or
tiles are installed.
Spirit Level Building in Fixings or Lugs equally spaced Check Measurements
Check
Measurements
Ensure jambs are

plumb and straight Jamb
before fixing
Wedge
Structual Members at these
points
F
Jamb
F F
Structual Member
Ensure packer or support

under structual members
Sill
Spirit Level
(ensure sill is level by packing)
* Fix via building lugs, nails or shim at equally spaced arrow points.

Flashing
General
It is the builder’s responsibility to ensure that windows and doors are installed
in such a way that water does not penetrate from the outer skin to the inner skin
of the building envelope. The extent of the flashing required will depend on local
weather conditions. In some instances only sill flashings may be required. In
others jamb and head flashing may be required. For further information please
refer to the relevant sections of the BCA.
Jamb Flashing
• Required in high wind locations to ensure that water which enters between
the window jamb and the outer skin is drained to the sill flashing.
• Where jamb flashing overlaps sill flashing, the overlap should extend the
full depth of the sill flashing.
Head Flashing
Provided to stop water wetting the inner skin by bridging across the window or
door head.
Provided above any wall penetrations not specifically designed to stop water
reaching the inner skin, ie; exhaust fans and ventilation ducts.
• Must project horizontally a minimum of 150mm both sides past the

opening.
• Must be of approved materials to AS2904.
• Must be provided with weep holes to let the water out.

Flashing
Sill Flashing
• Provided to stop water entering across underside of the window and wetting
the inner skin.
• The window generates run off in down pours and sill flashing stops this
water being blown across the cavity under the window.
• Some windows have drain holes which also direct water downwards into
the cavity. The sill flashing also collects water which runs down the jamb
flashing.
• Must project a minimum of 150mm both sides past the opening.
• Must be of approved materials to AS2904.
• The brickwork must be provided with weep holes to let the water out.
Special Care
• Special care is required on windows with undersill drainage used in a non

cavity situation such as single skin block work.
• Where a subsill is used stop ends must be fitted and sealed.

Flashing
Head flashing built min. 30

mm into the inner leaf
Alternative position for
head flashing and
weepholes
Head flashing turned Weepholes at not more

up not less than 150 mm, than 1.2 m centres
fixed to frame and turned
into angle lintel Head flashing built 30 mm
into the inner leaf and turned
into angle lintel
Alternative position for
head flashing and
weepholes
Weepholes at not more

than 1.2 m centres
Sill flashing
Alternative position
for sill flashing and
weepholes
Weepholes at not
more than 1.2 m
centres
(a) Masonry veneer (b) Cavity masonry
(c) Weatherboard
Under sill flashing Stud

Flashing
Bottom trimmer
Window Head Window Sill

Aluminium Window
Installation
Brick Veneer Applications
IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window WINDOW JAMB FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE LINING
BRICK
VENEER INSIDE
STUD
LINING FRAME
NAIL AT EVEN
SPACING
FLASHING
BY OTHERS
JAMB
10mm
CLEARANCE
HEAD FLASHING HEAD
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND HEAD WINDOW HEAD FITTED OUTSIDE SKIN
(BY OTHERS) TO TIMBER REVEAL SEAL
BRICK VENEER HEAD

BRICK VENEER JAMB
SILL FLASHING GOES BEHIND

SILL FIXING FIN AND AT LEAST
10mm min CLEARANCE 1 BRICK COURSE DOWN. WEEP
HERE MANDATORY
HOLES SHOULD BE ABOVE
SILL FLASHING.
REVEAL
CK
BRI
SI L L
PACKER
STUD
FRAME
BRICK
ALTERNATIVE VENEER
FLASHING
INSIDE
LINING
BRICK VENEER SILL

Aluminium Window
Installation
Cavity Brick Applications
IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window INSIDE COURSE
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES JAMB

BEHIND FIXING FIN
BRICK COURSE
BUILDING
IN TIE
HEAD
HEAD FLASHING LINTEL BARS PINCH
GOES OVER JAMB WINDOW HEAD
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXING FIN OUTSIDE COURSE
(BY OTHERS)
CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB (1)

SILL FLASHING GOES INSIDE COURSE
BEHIND SILL FIXING FIN
AND AT LEAST 1 BRICK
COURSE DOWN SILL
WEEP HOLES ABOVE
FLASHING INSIDE
K
B R IC
SI L L FLASHING GOES JAMB
BEHIND FIXING FIN
BUILDING
ALTERNATIVE
FLASHING OUTSIDE INSIDE IN TIE
COURSE COURSE
OUTSIDE COURSE
CAVITY BRICK SILL CAVITY BRICK JAMB (2)

Aluminium Window
Installation
Timber Frame Applications
WINDOW JAMB FIXED

TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE INSIDE LINING
OUTSIDE LINING
CLADDING
STUD
FRAME
FLASHING
10mm JAMB
CLEARANCE
OUTSIDE CLADDING
HEAD
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB WINDOW HEAD PACKER
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXED TO TIMBER
REVEAL
TIMBER FRAME HEAD TIMBER FRAME JAMB
WINDOW SILL FIXED

SILL TO TIMBER REVEAL
SILL
PACKER
OUTSIDE
CLADDING
STUD INSIDE
FRAME LINING
SILL FLASHING
TIMBER FRAME SILL

Aluminium Window
Installation
Concrete Block Applications
SEALANT
OUTSIDE JAMB
SEALANT
HEAD IMPERVIOUS COATING
IMPERVIOUS COATING APPLIED TO OPENING
APPLIED TO OPENING FIXING BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
(BY OTHERS)
CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB

DO NOT BLOCK FIXING SET IN SEALANT
DRAINAGE HOLES INTERNAL SILL
AND SEALED OVER HEAD
(EG. RENDER, TILES, OF FIXING SEALANT TO
ECT) PERIMETER
IMPERVIOUS COATING SILL TILE

SILL SEALANT
APPLIED TO OPENING
BEFORE FIXING 15 DEGREES
WINDOW
(BY OTHERS)
INSIDE
TILES ADHERED
WITH EXTERIOR
TILE ADHESIVE
CONCRETE BLOCK SILL (1) CONCRETE BLOCK SILL (2)

Aluminium Door
Installation
IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door DOOR JAMB FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE LINING
INSIDE
BRICK STUD
LINING FRAME
VENEER
JAMB
FLASHING GOES
BEHIND FIXING FIN
10mm
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB CLEARANCE
FLASHING AND HEAD DOOR HEAD FITTED
HEAD (BY OTHERS) OUTSIDE SKIN
TO TIMBER REVEAL
BRICK VENEER HEAD BRICK VENEER JAMB
PACK SILL TO LEVEL

SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING WHERE REQUIRED
AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT
(TO REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING
(MANDATORY)
SILL (BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
IMPORTANT
Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolating material to
prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium
framing which can lead to extensive corrosion.
Sill must be level side to side and front to

back, and fully supported at all times
BRICK VENEER SILL

Aluminium Door
Installation
IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door INSIDE SKIN
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES JAMB
BEHIND FIXING FIN
BUILDING
IN TIE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN
LINTEL BARS PINCH
FLASHING AND DOOR FIXING FIN
CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB
SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING

FLASHING
(MANDATORY)
SILL
OUTSIDE
INSIDE FLOOR
PACK SILL WHERE

REQUIRED TO LEVEL
IMPORTANT
Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolating material to
prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium
framing which can lead to extensive corrosion.
Sill must be level side to side and front to
back, and fully supported at all times
CAVITY BRICK SILL

Aluminium Door
Installation
DOOR JAMB FITTED

TO TIMBER REVEAL
OUTSIDE INSIDE
CLADDING CLADDING INSIDE LINING
STUD
FRAME
10mm JAMB
FLASHING
CLEARANCE
OUTSIDE CLADDING
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB HEAD DOOR HEAD FITTED
FLASHING AND TO TIMBER REVEAL PACKER
HEAD
TIMBER FRAME HEAD

TIMBER FRAME JAMB

AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO
REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING
(MANDATORY)
SILL
OUTSIDE
SILL
SUPPORTED
JOIST (TYPICAL)
TIMBER FRAME SILL

Aluminium Door
Installation
INSIDE SEALANT
OUTSIDE INSIDE
JAMB
OUTSIDE
SEALANT IMPERVIOUS COATING
APPLIED TO OPENING BEFORE FIXING DOOR
BEFORE FIXING DOOR (BY OTHERS)
(BY OTHERS)
SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING FLASHING OR

AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO WATERPROOFING
REINSTATE WATERPROOFING) UNDER DOOR
SEALANT
SILL
INSIDE FLOOR
OUTSIDE
W.P. RENDER
OR TILES
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB
CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

Timber Window
Installation
IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window

ARCHITRAVE
INSIDE LINING
BRICK
VENEER INSIDE STUD
LINING FRAME JAMB
10 mm clearance
Packing by Builder
PACKER
20mm
HEAD CLEARANCE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND HEAD WINDOW HEAD FITTED Storm Mould
TO TIMBER REVEAL OUTSIDE SKIN
10mm min CLEARANCE

HERE MANDATORY SILL FLASHING
SILL ARCHITRAVE
K
B R IC
SILL
PACKER
STUD
FRAME
BRICK
VENEER INSIDE
LINING
BRICK VENEER SILL

Timber Window
Installation
IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window INSIDE COURSE
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING
HEAD
STORM MOULD OUTSIDE COURSE
CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB (1)

SILL FLASHING GOES BEHIND SILL FIXING FIN
AND AT LEAST 1 BRICK COURSE DOWN INSIDE COURSE
(LAP IF NECESSARY) WEEP HOLES ABOVE
FLASHING
10mm min CLEARANCE SILL
HERE MANDATORY
INSIDE
K
B R IC FLASHING JAMB
SI L L
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE OUTSIDE COURSE
CAVITY BRICK JAMB (2)

CAVITY BRICK SILL

Timber Window
Installation
WINDOW JAMB FIXED

INSIDE TO TIMBER REVEAL
OUTSIDE LINING
INSIDE LINING
CLADDING
STUD
10mm FRAME
CLEARANCE
FLASHING
JAMB
HEAD
WINDOW HEAD
HEAD FLASHING FIXED TO TIMBER OUTSIDE CLADDING
GOES OVER JAMB REVEAL
FLASHING AND HEAD
SILL
OUTSIDE
CLADDING
STUD INSIDE
FRAME LINING
SILL FLASHING
TIMBER FRAME SILL

Timber Window
Installation
SEALANT
OUTSIDE
JAMB
SEALANT
IMPERVIOUS COATING HEAD IMPERVIOUS COATING
APPLIED TO OPENING APPLIED TO OPENING
BEFORE FIXING WINDOW BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
(BY OTHERS)
FIXING SET IN SEALANT

AND SEALED OVER HEAD INTERNAL SILL
OF FIXING SEALANT TO
IMPERVIOUS COATING
APPLIED TO OPENING SILL PERIMETER
BEFORE FIXING WINDOWS JOINT
(BY OTHERS)
SEALANT SILL SURFACE
COATING
INSIDE
20MM
MIN
CONCRETE BLOCK SILL (1) CONCRETE BLOCK SILL (2)

Timber Door
Installation
IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door
INSIDE LINING
INSIDE
BRICK STUD
LINING
VENEER FRAME JAMB
FLASHING GOES
BEHIND FIXING FIN
HEAD FLASHING 10mm

GOES OVER JAMB CLEARANCE
FLASHING AND
HEAD (BY OTHERS)
HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN

FLASHING
(MANDATORY)
SILL (BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
BRICK VENEER SILL

Timber Door
Installation
IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door INSIDE SKIN
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES JAMB
BEHIND FIXING FIN
(BY OTHERS)
BUILDING
IN TIE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB LINTEL BARS PINCH
HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN
FLASHING AND DOOR FIXING FIN
HEAD

FLASHING
SILL (MANDATORY)
(BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
INSIDE FLOOR
CAVITY BRICK SILL

Timber Door
Installation
PACKER
OUTSIDE INSIDE INSIDE LINING
CLADDING CLADDING
STUD
FRAME
JAMB
FLASHING
10mm
HEAD FLASHING CLEARANCE
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND OUTSIDE CLADDING
HEAD (BY OTHERS)
HEAD PACKER

REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING
SILL (MANDATORY)
(BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
SILL
SUPPORTED
JOIST (TYPICAL)
TIMBER FRAME SILL

Timber Door
Installation
INSIDE SEALANT
OUTSIDE INSIDE
JAMB
OUTSIDE
SEALANT IMPERVIOUS COATING
APPLIED TO OPENING BEFORE FIXING DOOR
BEFORE FIXING DOOR (BY OTHERS)
SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING FLASHING OR

AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO WATERPROOF
REINSTATE WATERPROOFING) UNDER DOOR
SEALANT
SILL
INSIDE FLOOR
OUTSIDE
W.P. RENDER
OR TILES
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB
CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

uPVC Window
Installation
WINDOW JAMB FITTED

IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE LINING
BRICK
VENEER INSIDE STUD
LINING FRAME
FLASHING GOES
BEHIND FIXING FIN JAMB
10mm
CLEARANCE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND HEAD HEAD
(BY OTHERS) OUTSIDE SKIN
WINDOW HEAD FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
10mm min CLEARANCE SILL FLASHING

HERE MANDATORY SILL (SEE CAVITY SILL FOR
FLASHING NOTE)
REVEAL
CK
BRI
SI L L ALTERNATIVE
FLASHING
INSIDE
LINING
STUD
FRAME ALTERNATIVE
BRICK
VENEER FLASHING
BRICK VENEER SILL

uPVC Window
Installation
IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window • FOR ALTERNATE DETAIL WITH NO BRICK RETURN AND
USING A CAVITY ADAPTOR REFER TO 245 SERIES CAVITY
BRICK JAMB INSTALLATION DETAIL
INSIDE COURSE
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES JAMB

BEHIND FIXING FIN
BUILDING
IN TIE
HEAD FLASHING LINTEL BARS PINCH
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXING FIN OUTSIDE COURSE
HEAD
(BY OTHERS)
SILL INSIDE COURSE

SILL FLASHING GOES
BEHIND SILL FIXING FIN
AND AT LEAST 1 BRICK
COURSE DOWN
(LAP IF NECESSARY)
WEEP HOLES ABOVE INSIDE
FLASHING
K
B R IC FLASHING GOES
SI L L
BEHIND FIXING FIN
JAMB
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB
BUILDING
OUTSIDE INSIDE IN TIE
COURSE COURSE
OUTSIDE COURSE
CAVITY BRICK SILL CAVITY BRICK JAMB

uPVC Window
Installation
WINDOW JAMB FIXED

TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE INSIDE LINING
OUTSIDE LINING
CLADDING
STUD
FRAME
FLASHING
10mm
CLEARANCE
OUTSIDE CLADDING JAMB
HEAD FLASHING
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXED TO TIMBER
REVEAL
HEAD
SILL
WINDOW SILL FIXED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
SILL
OUTSIDE
CLADDING
STUD INSIDE
FRAME LINING
SILL FLASHING
TIMBER FRAME SILL

uPVC Window
Installation
SEALANT
OUTSIDE JAMB
SEALANT
IMPERVIOUS COATING IMPERVIOUS COATING
APPLIED TO OPENING APPLIED TO OPENING
BEFORE FIXING WINDOW BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
(BY OTHERS) HEAD (BY OTHERS)
FIXING SET IN SEALANT

AND SEALED OVER HEAD INTERNAL SILL
OF FIXING
IMPERVIOUS COATING SEALANT TO SEALANT
APPLIED TOP OPENING PERIMETER
BEFORE FIXING SILL JOINT
WINDOW
(BY OTHERS) SILL SURFACE
COATING
INSIDE
20MM
MIN
CONCRETE BLOCK SILL (1)

CONCRETE BLOCK SILL (2)

uPVC Door
Installation
IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door DOOR JAMB FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE LINING
INSIDE
BRICK STUD
LINING
VENEER FRAME
FLASHING GOES
BEHIND FIXING FIN
10mm
HEAD FLASHING CLEARANCE
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND HEAD JAMB
HEAD (BY OTHERS) DOOR HEAD FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL OUTSIDE SKIN

FLASHING
(MANDATORY)
(BY OTHERS)
SILL
OUTSIDE
BRICK VENEER SILL

uPVC Door
Installation
IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door INSIDE SKIN
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES
BEHIND FIXING FIN
(BY OTHERS) JAMB
BUILDING
IN TIE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB OUTSIDE SKIN
FLASHING AND
HEAD (BY OTHERS) HEAD LINTEL BARS PINCH
DOOR FIXING FIN

FLASHING
SILL (MANDATORY)
(BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
INSIDE FLOOR
CAVITY BRICK SILL

uPVC Door
Installation
DOOR JAMB FITTED

TO TIMBER REVEAL
OUTSIDE INSIDE
CLADDING CLADDING INSIDE LINING
STUD
FRAME
10mm
CLEARANCE FLASHING
HEAD FLASHING JAMB
GOES OVER JAMB OUTSIDE CLADDING
FLASHING AND
HEAD (BY OTHERS) DOOR HEAD FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
HEAD

REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING
SILL (MANDATORY)
(BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
SILL
SUPPORTED
JOIST (TYPICAL)
TIMBER FRAME SILL

uPVC Door
Installation
INSIDE SEALANT
OUTSIDE INSIDE
JAMB
OUTSIDE
IMPERVIOUS COATING
SEALANT APPLIED TO OPENING
IMPERVIOUS COATING BEFORE FIXING DOOR
APPLIED TO OPENING (BY OTHERS)
BEFORE FIXING
DOOR (BY OTHERS)

REINSTATE WATERPROOFING) FLASHING OR
WATERPROOFING
UNDER DOOR
SEALANT
SILL
INSIDE FLOOR
OUTSIDE
W.P. RENDER
OR TILES
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB
CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

Post Installation Care
Soiling
Door tracks & sills
Cleaning

Post Installation Care
Soiling:
If removal of debris is delayed and scraping becomes necessary the finish may
be damaged. Remove cement, mortar and other droppings immediately, using
ample clean water and a sponge or rag to avoid permanent staining of finished
surfaces.
Door Tracks and Sills:
Door tracks and window sills should be protected from planks, scaffolding and
barrows.
Acid Spills:
Acid used for cleaning brickwork MUST be prevented from making contact
with powdercoated or anodised aluminium windows and door surfaces. If any
acid or similar corrosive material does come into contact with window or door
surfaces those areas must be washed IMMEDIATELY with large quantities of
clean water.
Use of Hose
If using a hose or similar apparatus to clean windows and/or doors ensure the
hose nozzle/jet fitting is set to a fine spray as shown in the diagram. At NO time
should a window or door be hit with a full force of a hose, nozzle/jet setting.
Glass Care
• To clean, simply wipe over the surface with a few drops of methylated spirits
on a damp cloth, then polish the surface dry with a lint free cloth.
• Ensure that all cleaning cloths are free from any abrasive materials.
• Never remove abrasive materials such as mortar from the glass with a
scraper. (To clean, flood with water and dab with a sponge. Don’t scrub with
sponge or scratching will occur.)

Further Information
Australian Aluminium Council

www.aluminium.org.au
Australian Building Codes Board

www.abcb.gov.au
Australian Fenestration Training Institute (AFTI)

www.afti.edu.au
Australian Vinyl Council

www.vinyl.org.au
Australian Window Association (AWA)

www.awa.org.au
Building Products Innovation Council (BPIC)

www.bpic.asn.au
BUILdata - Building Products Information Service

www.buildata.com.au
Building Services Authority - Queensland

www.bsa.qld.gov.au
Building Commission - Victoria

www.buildingcommission.com.au
Building Commission - Western Australia

www.buildingcommission.wa.gov.au
Department of Planning & Local Government - South Australia

www.sa.gov.au
Housing Industry Association (HIA)

www.buildingonline.com.au
Master Builders Association

www.masterbuilders.com.au


Further Information
Northern Territory Government

www.nt.gov.au
Office of Fair Trading & Home Building Services

www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au
Standards Australia
www.standards.org.au
Timber Development Association

www.timber.net.au
Window Energy Rating Scheme (WERS)

www.wers.net
Workplace Standards -Tasmania

www.wst.tas.gov.au

a: 71 Ridge Street Gordon NSW 2072
p: 02 9498 2768 f: 02 9498 3816
e: info@awa.org.au
www.awa.org.au
Document No. AWA2010/INSV2

2010 © Copyright Australian Window Association

INSTALLATION An Industry Guide To The Correct Installation of Windows and Doors PDF

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Installation

An Industry Guide to the Correct

The Australian Window Association is pleased to produce this Industry Guide

Australian Window Association

The AWA is a co-operative of window manufacturers and their suppliers.

The Australian Window Association (AWA) aims are:

• To promote and advance the awareness of windows as a major architectural

• To establish and self regulate minimum benchmark standards throughout

• To provide a national voice when representing the industry in discussions

• To promote and encourage ethical conduct and sound business practice

Australian Window Association

Industry Guide Objective

The AWA gratefully acknowledges those member companies whose contribution

This Installation Guide is designed to be used in conjunction

An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors

Installing Frames Correctly 7

Aluminium Window Installation 12

Aluminium Door Installation 16

Timber Window Installation 20

Australian Window Association

Timber Door Installation 24

uPVC Window Installation 28

uPVC Door Installation 32

Document No. AWA2010/INSV2

An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors

The Building Code of Australia

The Building Code of Australia (BCA) is produced and maintained by the

AS2047 - Windows in buildings: Selection and Installation

At all times manufacturer’s installation instructions will be the predominant

Installers should ensure that manufacturer’s instructions are adopted.

The practices outlined in this guide are not intended to supersede

Approved PPE (personal protective equipment) should be worn at all

Special consideration needs to be given to window and door systems

2 Australian Window Association

Extract from Appendix D AS2047

3. The manufacturer of window assemblies should verify the window rating or

Methods of identifying windows that comply to AS2047

b. Residential other than housing:

Below is an example of labelling

An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2010 3

Certificates indicating the window’s performance can be provided for window

This D ocument i s issued i n

Visit the website www.awa.org.au for accreditation details Doc No AWA.CC.A2010

4 Australian Window Association

Pre-installation care of windows

• Store in a dry location, under cover where possible, to protect against

• Carry windows in the vertical position with sashes locked

• Do not rack frames out of square

• Prevent exposure to moisture particularly pooling and ponding

• Do not remove corner bracing (if fitted) until after installation.

Factors that contribute to installation problems

Installation problems such as incorrect fitting or the omission of flashings,

• Severity of exposure to wind is the most important factor in the specification

• Follow the window manufacturer’s installation specification for the

An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2010 5

6 Australian Window Association

1. Fit flashing to window surround as required.

4. Secure aluminum windows by nailing through reveal in brick veneer

5. If it is not possible to backnail, wedges should be installed between the

6. Keep sashes closed whilst installing frames.

7. Sill bricks should be at least 10 mm clear of window frame to allow settlement

8. Do not stand on the windows or doors, or use them as a support for

An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2010 7