Dimensions of National Culture

1. Uncertainty avoidance – degree to which the members of the society which to avoid
unpredictable outcomes. It is focused on a society’s desire for orderliness through formal
procedures and rules.

2. Power distance – the degree to which members of the society expect power to be unequally
distributed. Uses autocratic leadership rather than egalitarian.

3. Individualism – the degree to which members of the society are comfortable focusing on
personal goals and being rewarded for personal efforts and outcomes.

4. Assertiveness – degree to which members of the society are aggressive and confrontational.

5. In-group collectivism – indicates how much members of the society take pride in the group and
organizations to which they belong.

6. Gender Egalitarianism – refers to equal opportunities for women and men.

7. Future orientation – degree to which members of the society value long term planning and
investing in the future.

8. Performance orientation – degree to which members of the society appreciate and reward
improvement and excellence in work life

9. Humane orientation – degree to which members of the society value generous, caring and
altruistic behaviour.