JAR 66 HPL

Cognitive psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes. It is the

study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems

Educational Psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness
of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of...

Medical Science- the science dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention and treatment
of disease.

Clinical science

Anthropometry- (the scientific study of measurements of the human body).

Murphy’s Law - If something can go wrong, it will.

PhobiaThere are many circumstances where people may experience various levels of physical or
psychological discomfort, which is generally considered to be quite normal. When this discomfort
becomes extreme

Claustrophobia can be defined as abnormal fear of being in an enclosed space.

Acrophobia fear of heights

Team building

Input signalHumans possess various sensory systems for collecting information from the world external
as well as internal to them, enabling them to respond to events and to carry out the required task. All
senses may, however, be subjected to degradation for one reason or another, and the sources of
knowledge include psychology and physiology

Alertness

Threshold of pain 140db (noise causes pain).

Noise can have various negative effects in the workplace. Camouflage warning signals. Noise can be
thought of as any unwanted sound, especially if it is loud, unpleasant and annoying.

Human Factor cause of airline accidents

Human Factor is interaction with people, machine and environment

5senses

1. Sight
2. Smell
3. Hearing
4. Touch
5. Taste

Attention can be thought of as the concentration of mental effort on sensory or mental events. Having
detected information, our mental resources are concentrated on specific elements - this is attention
Selective attention occurs when a person is monitoring several sources of input, with greater attention
being given to one or more sources which appear more important

Perception involves the organization and interpretation of sensory data in order to make it meaningful,
discarding non-relevant data, i.e. transforming data into information

Decision making is the generation of alternative courses of action based on available information,
knowledge, prior experience, expectation, context, goals, etc. and selecting one preferred option. It is also
described as thinking, problem solving and judgment.

Situation awareness is the synthesis of an accurate and up-to-date 'mental model' of one's environment
and state, and the ability to use this to make predictions of possible future states. the process of attention,
perception and judgment should result in awareness of the current situation

Motivation can be thought of as a basic human drive that arouses, directs and sustains all human
behavior. Generally we say a person is motivated if he is taking action to achieve something. motivation
reflects the difference between what a person can do and what he will do

Teams may comprise a number of individuals working together towards one shared goal. Alternatively,
they may consist of a number of individuals working in parallel to achieve one common goal

Arousal in its most general sense, refers to readiness of a person for performing work.

Circadian rhythms are physiological and behavioral functions and processes in the body that have a
regular cycle of approximately a day (actually about 25 hours in man).

Modes of Communication sender of a message, responsefrom the recipient, response constitutes

feedback

 Omission - Errors of omission occur when crew members fail to carryout a required task.
 Commission - Errors of commission occur when crew members carryout a task incorrectly or
do something that is not required.