STUDENT

ID_____________________________________________

ALL NATIONS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF OIL AND GAS ENGINEERING
B.E (OIL AND GAS ENGINEERING)
END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2013

Heat Transfer Process (CHM 252)

SEMESTER 1V – REGULAR TIME: 3 HOURS
PART A
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS – 2 MARKS EACH

1. Define the term critical insulation radius.

2. State mathematically the Stefan-Boltzmann law of heat radiation.

3. Explain the term Logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD).

4. “Heat transfer occurs spontaneously from a higher temperature region to a lower

temperature region”. The statement is in accordance to the second law of
thermodynamics. True / False

5. State mathematically the Fourier’s law of heat transfer by conduction.

6. State the standard units of thermal conductivity.

7. Define the term Coefficient of convective heat transfer (h).

8. What is heat exchanger equipment?

9. Define conduction as a mode of heat transfer.

10.Explain steady state condition with respect heat transfer process.

E. Asante
 PART B
ANSWER ANY FOUR (4) QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION. EACH QUESTION
CARRIES 20 MARKS
Question 11
The temperature of hot air in a furnace is 900°C. The heat transfer coefficient at the inner furnace
wall is 100 W/m2°C. The furnace wall is made up of three (3) layers of insulation. The first layer
of insulation is a brick material having a thickness of 120mm. The second layer of insulation is a
firebrick material of 100mm thickness. The third layer of insulation is metal plate with a
thickness of 10 mm. The contact resistance between the first two (2) layers of insulation is. The
contact resistance between the firebrick material and the metal plate is. The ambient air
temperature is 30°C and the convective heat transfer coefficient on the outer metal plate surface
is 15 W/m2°C. Thermal conductivity of brick material is 0.6 W/m°C. Thermal conductivity of
the firebrick material is 0.8 W/m°C. Thermal conductivity of the metal plate is 46 W/m°C.
Assuming a steady state condition, Calculate
i. Heat transfer per unit area through the furnace wall
ii. Temperature at the various interfaces
iii. Overall heat transfer coefficient

Question 12
A pipe 100mm in internal diameter and 8mm in thickness is carrying steam at 170°C. The
convective heat transfer coefficient on the inner surface of the pipe is 75 W/m 2°C. The pipe is
insulated by two layers of insulation. The first layer of insulation is 46mm in thickness having
thermal conductivity of 0.14 W/m°C. The second layer of insulation is also 46mm in thickness
having thermal conductivity of 0.46 W/m°C. The ambient air temperature is at 33 °C. The
convective heat transfer coefficient from the outer surface of the pipe is 120 W/m2°C. The
thermal conductivity of the steam pipe is 46 W/m2°C. Calculate
i. The heat loss per unit length of pipe
ii. The temperatures the various interfaces
iii. Determine whether the outermost insulation material will either enhance or decrease heat
transfer rate.

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Question 13
Kerosene is to be heated from 25°C to 50°C in a heat exchanger. Flow rate of kerosene is It
flows through a tube having inside diameter of 30 mm and outside diameter of 34 mm. Water at
94°C is used for the heating purpose. The convective heat transfer coefficient on the kerosene
side is 730 W/m2K and the convective heat transfer coefficient on the water side is 1350 W/m2K.
Moreover, the thermal conductivity of the tube is 380 W/mK. If the flow rate of water is Kg/s
and the outer surface of the heat exchanger is insulated, calculate the length of the heat
exchanger assuming it has a parallel flow and counter flow arrangement.
Properties of kerosene and water are;
Density = 815 kg/m3
Specific heat of kerosene = 2090 J/KgK
Specific heat of water = 4180 J/KgK

Question 14
i. Water flows inside a tube of 45mm in diameter and a length of 3.2m at a velocity of 0.78
m/s. Determine the heat transfer coefficient and the rate of heat transfer if the mean water
temperature is 50°C and the wall is isothermal at 70°C. For water at 50°C, take its
thermal conductivity (K) to be 0.66W/mK, the kinematic viscosity of water is and take
the Prandtl number to be 2.98.

ii. A spherical shaped vessel has an outer diameter of 1.4m with a thickness of 90mm. Find
the rate of heat loss if the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces is
220K. The thermal conductivity of the material of the sphere is 0.083W/mK.

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Question 15
Ethylene glycol is to be heated from 20°C to 54°C in a tube having 50 mm inside diameter. The
tube wall is maintained at a constant temperature of 85°C and the flow velocity of the ethylene
glycol through the tube is 2m/s. Calculate the length of the heat exchanger tube.
The physical properties of the ethylene glycol at the 37°C are as follows;
Density = 1104 Kg/m3
Specific heat capacity = 2460 J/Kgk
Viscosity = 0.0107 N.S/m2
Viscosity at wall temperature = 0.0029 N.S/m2
Thermal conductivity = 0.255 W/m°C

E. Asante