Average Inorganic Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in Carrageenan

Average(1) Inorganic Arsenic Average(1) Cadmium Average1 Lead

Product Category
(ppb(2)) (ppb(2)) (ppb(2))

Carrageenan 181 449 251

Note: Results rounded using Microsoft Excel. For clarity of presentation and for scientific accuracy, the number of significant fig
results was set at three for values > 10 ppb, two for values below 10 ppb but above one and one significant figure for values < 1
the precision of the instrumental technique and the limits of detection and quantitation.
(1)
The average inorganic arsenic, cadmium and lead reported for each product category was calculated using all values.
For those samples with total and inorganic arsenic results below the detection limit, half of the detection limit for total arsenic
For those samples with cadmium and lead results below the detection limit, half of the detection limit for cadmium and lead w
(2)
ppb = parts per billion; µg/kg.
 Number of Samples

10

ccuracy, the number of significant figures (number of digits) for the

nd one significant figure for values < 1 ppb. These values were based on

s calculated using all values.

f the detection limit for total arsenic was used for the inorganic arsenic value to calculate the average.
tection limit for cadmium and lead was used to calculate the average.
Summary Table - Inorganic Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in Carrageenan

Average(1) Inorganic Arsenic Range of Inorganic Arsenic

Product Category
(ppb(2)) (ppb(2))

Carrageenan 181 18.8 - 546

Note: Results rounded using Microsoft Excel. For clarity of presentation and for scientific accuracy, the number of significant fig
results was set at three for values > 10 ppb, two for values below 10 ppb but above one and one significant figure for values < 1
the precision of the instrumental technique and the limits of detection and quantitation.
(1)
The average cadmium and lead reported for each product category was calculated using all values.
For those samples with total and inorganic arsenic results below the detection limit, half of the detection limit for total arsenic
For those samples with cadmium and lead results below the detection limit, half of the detection limit for cadmium and lead w
(2)
ppb = parts per billion; µg/kg.
 Average(1) Cadmium Range of Cadmium Average(1) Lead Range of Lead Number of
(ppb(2)) (ppb(2)) (ppb(2)) (ppb(2)) Samples

449 34.7 - 1340 251 38.0 - 1070 10

cy, the number of significant figures (number of digits) for the

e significant figure for values < 1 ppb. These values were based on

detection limit for total arsenic was used for the inorganic arsenic value to calculate the average.
on limit for cadmium and lead was used to calculate the average.
Full Analytical Results - Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in Carrageenan

Product Category Country of Origin Sample Description

Carageenan USA Iota Carrageenan

Carageenan USA Kappa Carrageenan
Carageenan USA Lambda Carrageenan
Carageenan China Kappa Carrageenan
Carageenan China Iota Carrageenan
Carageenan USA Iota Carrageenan
Carageenan USA Kappa Carrageenan
Carageenan USA Iota Carrageenan
Carageenan USA Kappa Carrageenan
Carageenan USA Kappa Carrageenan (Refined)
Note: Results rounded using Microsoft Excel. For clarity of presentation and for scientific accuracy, the number of significant fig
values > 10 ppb, two for values below 10 ppb but above one and one significant figure for values < 1 ppb. These values were ba
detection and quantitation.
(1)
ppb = parts per billion (microgram/kilogram)
(2)
As(III) and As(V) are the most common oxidation states for inorganic arsenic. Most, if not all, of the inorganic arsenic will be p
will represent a reliable estimate of the inorganic arsenic present.
(3)
DMA = Dimethylarsinic acid
(4)
MMA = Monomethylarsonic acid
(5)
OD = Limit of Detection (see LOD and LOQ table).
(6)
TR = Trace. Result between the limit of detection and limit of quantitation (see LOD and LOQ table).
 Total Arsenic Inorganic Arsenic(2) DMA(3) MMA(4) Cadmium Lead
(ppb(1)) (ppb(1)) (ppb(1)) (ppb(1)) (ppb(1)) (ppb(1))

213 115 23.4 < LOD(5) 34.7 TR (38.0)(6)

130 73.1 < LOD < LOD 67.4 81.4
741 546 25.0 < LOD 719 130
97.2 18.8 < LOD < LOD 37.3 90.5
2010 295 63.9 TR (2.9) 1340 342
345 98.2 40.5 TR (1.4) 70.5 81.3
1500 248 223 TR (3.7) 1290 1070
238 106 38.8 TR (2.5) 49.2 TR (48.0)
1100 247 53.9 < LOD 793 457
133 59.3 TR (6.1) < LOD 90.7 173
fic accuracy, the number of significant figures (number of digits) for the results was set at three for
for values < 1 ppb. These values were based on the precision of the instrumental technique and the limits of

not all, of the inorganic arsenic will be present as either As(III) or As(V). Therefore, adding the values together

nd LOQ table).
Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) - in ppb
Note - actual limits may vary depending on the analytical portion used in the analysis.
For inorganic arsenic, the limits are the range for the sum of As(III) and As(V).

LOD - Total Arsenic 6.1

LOQ - Total Arsenic 54.4
LOD - Inorganic Arsenic 0.81 - 1.4
LOQ - Inorganic Arsenic 6.0 - 10.2
LOD - DMA 1.9
LOQ - DMA 14.2
LOD - MMA 1.8
LOQ - MMA 13.6
LOD - Cadmium 3.3
LOQ - Cadmium 29.7
LOD - Lead 6.5
LOQ - Lead 58.4