Preparatory Questions for the Theoretical Part of the Final Exam in

“Fundamentals of Electrical and Electronics Engineering” (ES 222),

Section 1 and 2 in Spring Term 2018
(No claim to completeness, questions are examples only, contents and coverage of
real exam questions may differ substantially, answers to all questions will be
expected in the framework of the lectures contents and lecture notes only )

1. Please, show on a diagram schematically the major features of a sinusoidal

function. Point out the situation with at least two phase shifted functions of the
same frequency.
2. Please, make a list of the key parameters of a sinusoidal function name the
parameters, their units and commonly used symbolic letters.
3. What is the rms value Veff or Ieff of a sinusoidal voltage or current if the amplitude
is Vmax or Imax?
4. What do we understand of transient and steady state conditions of a circuit after
a switching process?
5. What is the main advantage the phasor transform offers in finding a steady state
solution in the course of circuit analysis?
6. How is Euler formula defined?
7. How are a sine and cosine functions defined on the basis of Euler formula?
8. Please, write the definition of “phasor transform” or “phasor representation” in
polar form.
9. Please, write the definition of “phasor transform” or “phasor representation” in
orthogonal (Cartesian, rectangular) form.
10. What type of a number is phasor transform and on which plane is it defined?
Which kinds of information does it contain?
11. What do we have always to remember when attempting to apply phasor
transform?
12. How do the formal interrelation between phasor transformed voltage and current
look like on an ohmic resistor? Please, write the formula.
13. What is the phase interrelation between voltage and current in case of a purely
ohmic resistance? Please, indicate on a simple sketch.
14. How is the interrelation between phasor transformed voltage and current
formulated on an inductor (inductance, inductive component)? Please, write the
formula, show a simple sketch.
15. What is the phase interrelation between voltage and current across a purely
inductive circuit element? Please, indicate on a simple sketch.
16. How has phasor transformation to be applied for a mutual inductance? (How is
mutual inductance treated in case of phasor transformation?)
17. How is the interrelation between phasor transformed voltage and current
formulated on a capacitor? Please, write the formula, show a simple sketch.
18. What is the phase interrelation between voltage and current across a purely
capacitive circuit element? Please, indicate on a simple sketch.
19. Please, show on a phasor diagram the phase interrelation between voltage and
current across a purely capacitive circuit element.
20. Please, represent “the phase angle and its sign as indicators for leading and
lagging relations between time (angle) dependent sinusoidal functions” with three
key formulas and by giving the correlating “leading” or “lagging” situation.
21. Please, represent “the phase angle and its sign as indicators for leading and
lagging relations between time (angle) dependent sinusoidal functions” on a time
(angle) diagram and indicate the correlating “leading” or “lagging” situation
relative to a reference.
22. What is impedance (specified in frequency domain)? What are its components?
23. What is reactance?
24. How is Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) formulated in frequency domain (Vi as
phasors)?
25. How is Kirchhoff’s current law (CVL) formulated in frequency domain (Ii as
phasors)?
26. How are impedances connected in series in frequency domain, what is the
equivalent value?
27. How are impedances connected in parallel in frequency domain, what is the
equivalent value?
28. What is the relation between admittance and impedance?
29. How is instantaneous power under ANY time variable conditions defined?
30. What is average or real power?
31. What is reactive power?
32. Please, represent the power in a purely resistive load and support your answer
with a diagram.
33. What is power factor?
34. What has to be given in addition to the power factor in order to completely
describe the load situation?
35. How can be the average power delivered to a resistor formulated?
36. What does effective value mean in terms of power definition for sinusoidal case
and its equivalence to dc power value?
37. What is complex power?
38. What does apparent power mean?
39. How can complex power be formulated in terms of current and voltage phasors of
the effective or maximum values?
40. What is the condition for maximum power transfer between a source and a load if
both consist of complex impedances?
41. Please, sketch an IDEAL transformer structure connected to a source and a load.
Put all necessary supplementary information on the sketch.
42. What are the typical transfer features of an IDEAL transformer?
43. How are voltage, current and impedance transformed by an IDEAL transformer?
44. How can the transfer ratio of an IDEAL transformer be expressed by the turn
numbers of each side?
45. What is an “OR” function? Please show it on a truth table, show its symbol. How
can it be realized as hardware?
46. What does TTL mean?
47. Please, show a NAND function realized in TTL, give the truth table of the
function.
48. What is a Transistor? Which types of it do you know?
49. With which types of devices can the logical functions be realized?
50. Please, give a list of general issues an electrical and electronics engineer should
be aware of permanently as a professional, in addition to her or his field of
expertise.
51. Please, decode the acronyms EMI and EMC.
52. What does interference mean?
53. What does electro-magnetic compatibility mean?
54. What has to be considered continuously in order to keep conformal with EMI and
EMC topics?
55. How do the main steps look like if EMI and EMC measures have to be applied?
What has to be kept in the focus as most importantly?
56. Which are the main points leading in manufacturability?
57. What are the conclusions we have to consider after a short review of the
manufacturability issues?
58. Which of the 25 major environmental concerns can you remember? Which of
them and to which extent do you consider them as relating to the fields of
engineering, specifically to the electrical and electronics engineering, but also in
a common context with your own field of engineering?
59. How do you think that legal issues interrelate with the fields of engineering
specifically, with the field of electrical and electronics engineering?