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Vibrations
• Vibrational Motions
• Properties of Periodic Motions
• Pendulum Motion
• Motion of a Mass on a Spring
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Vibrations Pendulum Motion
P P
Resting/equilibrium position
m
mg sinθ
mg cosθ
a state of equilibrium mg
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Vibrations Properties of Periodic Motion
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Vibrations Properties of Periodic Motion
• period = the time for one full cycle to complete itself; i.e., seconds/cycle
• frequency = the number of cycles that are completed per time; i.e., cycles/second
Amplitude of Vibration
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Vibrations Simple Harmonic Oscillator
ƒ = - sx Hook’s Law
Simple harmonic oscillator
m = mass (kg)
m s = stiffness / spring constant (N/m)
x
Lumped element system
F = ma
d 2x d 2x s
F = m 2 = − sx 2
+ x=0
dt dt m
s
ω0 2
= ω0 = natural angular frequency
m
d 2x
F = 2 + ω0 x
2
Equation of motion
dt
General solutions
Other solutions
x = C cos(ω0t + ϕ )
a
Simple harmonic oscillator
u
x
2
u0
C = x0 +
2
π
ω0
2 2
− u0
ϕ = tan −1
ω0 .x0
u = kecepatan massa/mass = − Cω0 sin (ω0t + ϕ )
U = −Cω0 = amplitudo kecepatan
a = − Uω0 cos(ω0t + ϕ ) = −ω0 C cos(ω0t + ϕ ) = −ω0 x
2 2
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Vibrations Energi Getaran
Tahap 1
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Vibrations Energi Getaran
Tahap 2
Pada waktu t, posisi dan komponen x dari Jika digunakan persamaan
kecepatan gerak pegas bermassa yakni = cos dan =
sin maka = =
dimana = dan ! =
sehingga
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Vibrations Energi Getaran
Tahap 3
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Vibrations Penyelesaian dalam Bentuk Bilangan Kompleks
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