Transcript 7

Dwelling and treachery – ame basis of aggravation,

Treachery, you are conceptualizing means to weaken the efense of victim
In dwelling, gig amit nimo ang dwelling para I disrespect siya. Mag adto ka sa balay, patyon nimo siya,
obviously ma seclude mo, and ang means niya of defending himself ma weaken.
Gen rule: treachery willabsorb dwelling.
Kung ang factual basis niya is separate, basically two aggravating circumstances will be appreciated.
Example ni adto ka a balay, gusto nimo siya patyon, pero before nimosiya gipatay, gi tali nimo siya,
giblindfold, diba treacherous na siya. Therefore gen rule, pero in this instance, una nisulod ka sa balay
para ma seclude mo, pero gi tali pa nimo siya. It will be appreciated distinctly and separately

Dwelling is not aggravating in the ff circumstances: take note of the technical description of the
dwelling, sulod sa gate, dili pa.
- Ppl vs nuguid: when boh the offender and offended party are occupants of the same 🏡 house.
Exn: adultery and concubinage. Exemption to the rule in ppl vs nuguid. (chiz escudero case lels –
jason abalos ang keks sa iya asawa, nakita sa cctv)
- When the robbery is committed wih the use of force upon things – ghuba nimo ang bintana sa
balay, inherent na siya
- Robbery with the use of violence and intimidation
- In the crime of trespass to dwelling, inherent siya na element
- When the victim is not the dweller of the house
- When the owner of the dweller of the house gives provocation
Concept of provocation: the same sa tanan, dapat sufficient – immediate to the commission of
the crime (automatically mitigating circumstance of provocation will be appreciated)

PAR 4 ABUSE OF CONFIDENCE AND OBVIOUS UNGRATEFULNESS

There are 2 aggravating, kung present siya, separately appreciated siya.
The basis is element of abuse of trust. Naay establishment of relationship here, kanang gina saligan
naka, personal connection
In obvious ungratefulness, wlaay element of relationship, no rapport. It is like naay gibuhat sa imo na
favorable, at the same time, gi violate nimo siya. Supposed to be under ordinary circumstance,
magpasalamat ka.

People vs verdad, di daw I apil haha – houseboy, didto siya nag stay pag buntag, treated as family. Naa
personal connection diri. Later on, gibilin sa iya ang susi kay naglakaw ang tag iya. Unsa iyang gi buhat,
nagbuhat siyag crime.

In short duha, abuse of confidence, kay naa na establish na relationship, then, obvious ungratefulness.
Kay tung time na to, gipa skwela pa jud siya. Pero ang sc, gi appreciate nila as one. Bec the leniency of
criminal laws shall be interpreted in favor of the accused. Kung naay ingana na instance na separate,
pwede nimo ni gamiton na kaso. (in actual imposition of the penalty)

Elements of abuse of confidence:

-abuse of confidence facilitated the commission of the crime.
Exn: theft – here, abuse of confidence is inherent (qualified), art 62(1)
-offender abused such trust
-offended party trusted the offender, personal ni cia. Dili ma establish ang trust and confidence sa 1
week lang, 3 days. Dapat gina ulit2 na cia. Mura na ciag part sa family. Established na cia.

There are instances whe abuse of confidence is inherent in a particular crime.

-qualified seduction (ra 7877 na siya karon) – persons na naay custody sa bata, ex teacher na naay
gibuhat sa student.

PAR 5 CRIME COMMITTEE IN THE PALACE OF CHIEF EXEC, IN HIS PRSENCE, WHERE PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
ARE ENGAGED IN THE DISCHARGE IF THEIR DUTIES AND IN A PLACE DEDICATED TO RELIGIOUS WORSHIP

Are these circumstances counted as 4? No. as one lang ni cia.

Basis: greater oerversity in the okace where the crime was committed should be respected.

Ang target diri kay ang PLACE

1) Palace of chief executive

Kailangan ba na naay public function? Dili.
Ang minimum req is na commit nimo ang crime sa sulod. Maski sulod sa gate pwede na.
2) In the presence of chief executive
- Knowledge of the presence is important. King wala ka kabalo, dili ni ma apply. Dili kailangan na
naa siyay public purpose, kahit kumain lang siya sa carenderia tapos alam mo na nanjan siya.
3) Place na naay gina perform na public function
-condition sine qua non. The law wants to protect the offices of public function. Ddto a opisina
sa pag-ibig, sa bir,.. etc..
Requisite: kailangan ba naay gna perform na public function? Yes. Kung sabado dominggo, dili
siya maging aggravating
DILI NI CIA MA APPRECIATE SA SPUR OF THE MOMENT SIT., CHANCE ENCOUNTER
Pwede ba ni sa entrance? Wala man gi ingon na inside. Basta mag cause k aug disturbance
PPL VS CANOY: polling precints. Nag binigyanay mo ddto sa sulod sa compund lang.
Par 2 vs par 5
-in both, public authorities are in the performance of their function
-in 2, pwede sa labas, offended party kay dili ang public official
4) place dedicated for rligious worship
Kailangan ba naay nag misa? No. ex, malicious mischief, gilabayan nimog tae ang simbahan,
pwede na cia

PAR 6 NIGHTTIME, UNINHABITED PLACE, AND BY A BAND

Band, at least 4 people (quadrilla)
Basis: time and place and means and ways employed
Sought after jud nimo na mag commit ug crime
Absorbed by jtreachery daw ni

Ppl vs santos: there are 3 distinct aggravating circumstance in this paragraph. Gen rule kung ma absorb,
they will be appreciated as one.
SC: there are tests kung gi unsa pag gamit ani na aggravating circumstance
1) It facilitated the commision of the crime- gig amit nimo siya to execute the crime
2) Offender took advantage thereof for impunity. Para maka takas
Meaning objective and subjective test.
NIGHTTIME
2 test, as long as ma establish ni, it will be aggravating. Any of the 2 tests
NOCTURNIDAD – art 13 of civil code
Us vs dowdel: it is necessary that the commisiion of the crime be done and was completed at night time.
Kug dili nimo na complete and crime sa niht time, this cannot be utilized against you.
What if nasugdan befor sunset then nahuman mga 2am? Hen niikyas ka. Take note na gig amit nimo sa
pagtakas and take note sa tests, isalang imong pwede ma prove. In our example, gig amit nimo ang
nighht time to accord impunity. PWEDE!

Apprciated in separately with dwelling..

UNINHABITED PLACE -layo na lugar.

Ppl vs laguardia: althiought the crime was commiitted in nighttime, dili automatic na I apply ang
aggravating circumstance. Misnomer ni cia. Dapat silence of th night ang appropriate
Ppl vs moran: night time cannot be appreciated if the crime was comomitted in a criwded place, or naay
street lights, although at the wee hour. The darkness of the night is the consideration.
Ppl vs banhaon

Kung sa factual bsis separate ang night time and treachery, separate na aggravating circcumstance na
siya. b