Design of RCC Drain

Known data:

Dimension details
Clear span of the drain 1m
Height of the drain 1.25 m
Thickness of Top slab 0.25 m SAFE
Thickness of Wall 0.15 m SAFE
Thickness of Base slab 0.2 m SAFE
Over width of drain 1.3 m
Considered length of the drain 1m

Material properties
Grade of Concrete M 30
Grade of Steel Fe 500
Clear cover (Top slab) 40 mm
Clear cover (Bottom slab) 50 mm
Density of Concrete 25 kN/m3
Density of Soil 20 kN/m3
Density of water 10 kN/m3
Intensity of Pedestrain loads 4 kN/m2
Angle of internal friction 30 degrees
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil 100 kN/m2

Design constants
Compressive strength of Concrete fck 30 N/mm2
Yield strength of Steel fyk 500 N/mm2
Design Yield strength of Steel fyd 400 N/mm2
Tensile strength of Concrete fctm 2.5 N/mm2 (From IRC 112:2011)
Partial Safety Factor For Steel Ƴs 1.15 (From IRC 112:2011)
Partial Safety Factor For Concrete Ƴm 1.5 (From IRC 112:2011)
Effective depth factor ʎ 0.8 (From IRC 112:2011)
Ratio α 0.67 (From IRC 112:2011)
Effective strengh factor η 1 (From IRC 112:2011)
Design compressive strength of Concrete fcd 13.40 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel Es 200000 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Ec 31000 N/mm2 (From IRC 112:2011)
Max. Compressive strain in Concrete ξcu 0.0035
Max. Tensile strain in Steel ξs 0.0022
Max. depth of Neutral axis Xu,max 0.617 d
Limiting moment of resistance factor Ru,lim 0.165 fck

Reinforcement details
Top slab

Main Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 150 mm Center to Center SAFE

Distribution Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 200 mm Center to Center SAFE

Side Wall

Main Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 150 mm Center to Center SAFE

Distribution Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 150 mm Center to Center SAFE

Bottom Slab

At center

Main Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 150 mm Center to Center SAFE

Distribution Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 150 mm Center to Center SAFE

At Support

Main Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 300 mm Center to Center

Additional Main Reinforcement

Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 200 mm Center to Center SAFE

Distribution Reinforcement
Provide 8 mm diameter reinforcement @ 200 mm Center to Center SAFE

Check for Shear

Member
Member towards Top slab Side Wall Bottom Slab
Shear SAFE SAFE SAFE

Check for Crack width

Member
Member towards Top slab Side Wall Bottom Slab
Crack SAFE SAFE SAFE
Check for Base Presuure

Drain towards Base Drain

Pressure SAFE
 SAFE
SAFE
SAFE

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SAFE

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Load and Moment calculations: ( Considering 1m longitudinal width of drain)

Top Slab
Effective span 1.15 m
Self - Weight of Top slab 6.25 kN/m
Live load due to Pedestrains 4 kN/m
Total load on the Top slab 10.25 kN/m

Unfactored Bending moment

Due to dead load 1.033 kNm
Due to live load 0.661 kNm

Design bending moment (1.35 DL + 1.5 LL) 2.387 kNm

Side Wall
Coefficient of earth pressure (at rest) Kr 0.5
Height of Wall H 1.025 m
Intensity of load due to EP (at base) Fb 10.25 kN/m2
Intensity of load due to LL surcharge Fs 12 kN/m2
Intensity of load due to Min. Fliud
pressure Fw 10.25 kN/m2

Unfactored Bending moment

Due to Earth Pressure 2.75 kN-m/m
Due to LL surcharge 6.30 kN-m/m
Due to Min. Fluid pressure 0.65 kN-m/m

Design bending moment (1.5 EP + 1.2 LL) 11.689 kN-m/m

Bottom Slab (Service condition)

Unfactored loads
Effective span of base slab 1.15 m
Dead load due to Top slab 8.125 kN
Live load on Top slab (Pedestrian Load) 5.2 kN
Dead load due to Side Walls 9.375 kN
Dead load due to Bottom slab 6.5 kN

Total load on Bottom slab 29.20 kN

Intensity of load at base 22.46 kN/m

Factored loads Load Factor

Dead load due to Top slab 10.969 kN 1.35
Live load on Top slab (Pedestrian Load) 7.800 kN 1.5
Dead load due to Side Walls 12.656 kN 1.35
Dead load due to Bottom slab 8.775 kN 1.35

Total load on Bottom slab 40.200 kN

Intensity of load at base 30.923076923 kN/m

Calculating moment about the centre 5.243 kN - m

Calculating moment at support 9.021 kN - m

Bottom Slab (Construction stage)

Unfactored loads
Dead load due to Side Walls 9.375 kN
Dead load due to Bottom slab 6.5 kN

Total load on Bottom slab 15.88 kN

Intensity of load at base 12.211538462 kN/m

Factored loads Load Factor

Dead load due to Side Walls 12.656 kN 1.35
Dead load due to Bottom slab 8.775 kN 1.35

Total load on Bottom slab 21.431 kN

Intensity of load at base 16.485576923 kN/m

Calculating moment about the centre 10.775 kN - m

Calculating moment at support 15.312 kN - m

Summary of Moments
ULS - Basic SLS - Rare QPC
Top slab 2.387 1.694 1.033
Side Wall 11.689 6.955 2.749
Bottom slab (at centre) 10.775 10.775 10.775
Bottom slab (at support) 15.312 15.312 15.312
Design for Flexure

Top Slab

Main reinforcement
Design Bending Moment 2.387 kNm
Effective depth required dreq 0.0240 m
24.01 mm
Effective depth provided dpro 0.206 m
206 mm
Depth of neutral Axis Xu 13.49 mm
Maximum depth of neutral axis Xu,max 127.07 mm
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 26.71 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min1 267.8 mm2
Ast,min2 267.8 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min 267.80 mm2
Maximum Area of Steel Ast,max 6250 mm2
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 267.80 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 187.60 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 150 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2

Distribution reinforcement
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 66.987 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 750.00 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 200 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 251.2 mm2

Side Wall

Main reinforcement
Design Bending Moment 11.689 kNm
Effective depth required dreq 0.0531 m
53.13 mm
Effective depth provided dpro 0.106 m
106 mm
Depth of neutral Axis Xu 13.49 mm
Maximum depth of neutral axis Xu,max 65.39 mm
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 264.63 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min1 137.8 mm2
Ast,min2 137.8 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min 137.80 mm2
Maximum Area of Steel Ast,max 3750 mm2
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 264.63 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 189.85 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 150 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2

Distribution reinforcement
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 66.987 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 750.00 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 150 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2

Bottom Slab

At Centre

Main reinforcement
Design Bending Moment 10.775 kNm
Effective depth required dreq 0.0510 m
51.02 mm
Effective depth provided dpro 0.146 m
146 mm
Depth of neutral Axis Xu 13.49 mm
Maximum depth of neutral axis Xu,max 90.06 mm
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 173.17 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min1 189.8 mm2
Ast,min2 189.8 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min 189.80 mm2
Maximum Area of Steel Ast,max 5000 mm2
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 189.80 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 264.70 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 150 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2

Distribution reinforcement
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 66.987 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 750.00 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 150 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2
At Support

Main reinforcement
Design Bending Moment 15.312 kNm
Effective depth required dreq 0.0608 m
60.82 mm
Effective depth provided dpro 0.146 m
146 mm
Depth of neutral Axis Xu 6.75 mm
Maximum depth of neutral axis Xu,max 90.06 mm
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 248.26 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min1 189.8 mm2
Ast,min2 189.8 mm2
Minimum Area of Steel Ast,min 189.80 mm2
Maximum Area of Steel Ast,max 5000 mm2
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 248.26 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement provided at center ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 300 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 167.46667 mm2
Extra Reinforcement required at Support 80.79 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 621.87 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 200 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 251.2 mm2
Total Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 418.66667 mm2

Distribution reinforcement
Area of Steel required Ast,reqd 33.493333 mm2
Diameter of Reinforcement ø 8 mm
Spacing of reinforcement required Sreq 1500.00 mm
Spacing of reinforcement Provided Spro 200 mm
Area of Steel provided Ast,provd 251.2 mm2
Check for Shear

Top Slab
Design shear force VEd 8.30 kN
Effective depth provided d 206 mm
Area of Steel Provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2
Percentage of Steel Pl 0.16 %
Pl 0.16 %
K 1.985
K 1.9853293

Mean compressive Stress in Concrete due to Axial force σcp 0 N/mm2

0 N/mm2
νmin 0.475 N/mm2
The Max. design Shear resistance of the member without
Shear reinforcement VRd.c 76914.957 N
76.91 kN
The Min. design Shear resistance of the member without
Shear reinforcement VRd.c,min 97844.938 N
97.84 kN
Maximum Shear load without Shear reinforcement VRd.c 97.84 kN

Side Wall
Design shear force VEd 22.64 kN
Effective depth provided d 106 mm
Area of Steel Provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2
Percentage of Steel Pl 0.32 %
Pl 0.32 %
K 2.374
K 2

Mean compressive Stress in Concrete due to Axial force σcp 0 N/mm2

0 N/mm2
νmin 0.480 N/mm2
The Max. design Shear resistance of the member without
Shear reinforcement VRd.c 49644.615 N
49.64 kN
The Min. design Shear resistance of the member without
Shear reinforcement VRd.c,min 50906.493 N
50.91 kN
Maximum Shear load without Shear reinforcement VRd.c 50.91 kN

Bottom Slab
Design shear force VEd 20.10 kN
Effective depth provided d 146 mm
Area of Steel Provided Ast,provd 334.93333 mm2
Percentage of Steel Pl 0.23 %
Pl 0.23 %
K 2.170
K 2

Mean compressive Stress in Concrete due to Axial force σcp 0 N/mm2

0 N/mm2
νmin 0.480 N/mm2
The Max. design Shear resistance of the member without
Shear reinforcement VRd.c 61522.451 N
61.52 kN
The Min. design Shear resistance of the member without
Shear reinforcement VRd.c,min 70116.49 N
70.12 kN
Maximum Shear load without Shear reinforcement VRd.c 70.12 kN
Check for Crack Width

Top Slab Side Wall Bottom Slab

Clear cover 40 40 50
Bending Moment 1.033 2.749 15.312
Overall Depth 250 150 200
Effective Depth 206 106 146
Area of Reinforcement 334.93 334.93 418.67
Depth of Neutral Axis 13.49 13.49 6.75
Hc.eff 78.84 45.50 64.42
Ac.eff 78836.54 45503.21 64418.27
ρp,eff. 0.00425 0.00736 0.00650
Max. Crack Spacing, Sr,max 456.12 320.77 379.26
Mean stress acting on the section, σS 15.309 80.870 254.424
Ɛsm - Ɛcm -1.4349E-03 -0.000485 0.000270
(0.6 x σS) / Es 4.592684641206E-05 0.0002426114 0.000763
Crack width due to Shrinkage and
thermal Effects, Wk -6.545E-01 -1.556E-01 1.025E-01

Check for Base Pressure

Load due to Pedestrian 5.20 kN

Load due to Top Slab 8.13 kN
Load due to Side Wall 4.69 kN
Load due to Bottom Slab 6.50 kN

Total Load 24.51 kN

Base Area of the Drain 1.30 m2

Maximum Base Pressure 18.86 kN/m2