MODEL ANSWER

PHYSICS PERFECT SCORE 2007

SECTION 1

1. (a) -0.03 mm
(b) 3.83 mm – (-0.03 mm) = 3.86 mm
(c) increase accuracy / to get more accurate reading
(d) can detect a small change of reading
[4 marks]

2. i. weight and upthrust [2marks]

ii. Increases the surface area / Increases the air resistance [1 mark]
iii. v-t graph [2 marks]
v

t
3

O I
a. i. correct ray diagram [2 marks]
ii. virtual, upright and magnified [2marks]

C F I C
O F

b. i. correct ray diagram [2 marks]

ii virtual ,upright and diminished [2 marks]

4. a. Beta particle is fast moving electron. [1 mark]

b. Geiger Muller Tube [1 mark]
c. The reading of the detector is high when the drinkbox not full. [1 mark]

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 The reading will be low (minimun limit) when the level of juice on the real level. [1 mark]
d. i. Penetrating power of alpha emission is weak than other. So it can’t penetrate the paper
box (drinkbox) and can’t detect the full level of drinkbox [1 mark]
ii. The gamma ray has most penetrating power and high frequency and high energy. So it
is very dangerous to our health. [1 mark]

5. (a) Gravitational force / (buoyancy forces / up thrust / frictions / air resistant / drags/ weight [1
mark]
(b) (Surface area) feather > (Surface area) water droplet /more surface area for feather // other wise
[1 mark]
(c) Similarities: Decreasing in velocity/ deceleration / initial acceleration constant / increasing in
velocity
: Final velocity /terminal velocity / final velocity constant / final acceleration zero / no
change in velocity at the end.
Different: Velocity (terminal) water droplet > velocity (terminal) feather [2 marks ]
(d) Velocity (terminal) increase when the decrease of surface area / Velocity (terminal) inversely
proportional with the surface area. [1 mark]

6. (a) The mass of the B cargo is larger [1 mark]

(b) The volume of water displaced by ship B is bigger than ship A [1 mark]
(c) The bigger the mass of the load, the bigger the volume of water displaced [1 mark]
(d) (i) The buoyant force, the gravitational force (weight) [1 mark]
(ii) F=W [1 mark]
(e) The Archimedes Principle / buoyancies principle [1 mark]
(e) (i) sink deeper [1 mark]
(ii) The density of the river water less than the sea water.

7 (a) Length between the two crest / trough / consicutive wave front [1 mark]
(b) The water wavelength remains constant after went through the gap.
The wavelength in 6.3 is greater than 6.2 [2 marks]
(c) Curvature of the wave pattern in fig. 6.3 is more greater / Diffraction of waves is more in 6.3
[1 mark]
(d) The greater the wavelength, the wave pattern more spread or curve after went through gap.
[1 mark]
(e) Diffraction [1 mark]

8 (a) Light has one wavelength only / Frequency or light have one colour/ one basic colour. [1
mark]
(b) Similarity : The distance between consecutive blue/red fringes are equal.
Differences : The distance of consecutive red fringe > The distance of consecutive blue fringe
[2 marks]
(c) Red wavelength >blue /  red>  blue / red > blue
[1 mark]
(d) The greater the wavelength the greater the distance of consecutive fringe// The wavelength is
directly proportional to the distance /   x /
[1 mark]
(e) Interference / Diffraction
[1 mark]

2
9 (a) same
[1 mark]
(b) (i) M1 brighter than ebih cerah
[1 mark]
(ii) V1 is bigger than V2
[1 mark]
(iii) V3 = V1 +V2
(iv)A1 = A2 + A3
[1 mark]
(c) (i) Series circuit
[1 mark]
(ii)Not suitable
If one bulb blown up ( does not light up) all the bulb will not funtion [2 marks]

SECTION 3

10. (a) (i) npn

[1 mark]
(ii) to avoid direct current from battery flow through the microphone
[1 mark]
(iii) Vzy = 1 V
VXY = 5 V

R1 x 6 = 5
R1 + 1000
R1 = 5000 Ω
[3 marks]

(b) (i) NAND

[1 mark]

(ii)
[2 marks]

11 (a) (i) Pascal Principle [1 mark]

(ii) Oil cannot be compressed [1 mark]
(b) (i) 5 000 Nm [1 mark]
(ii) F=PA [1 mark]
= 10 000N
m = 1 000 kg [3 marks]
(iii) move downward [1 mark]
( c) Increase diameter of the piston
Use thicker wall cylinder [2 marks]
(d) Hydraulic brake [1 mark]

12. (a) (i) 0111 [1 mark]

(ii) 1000 [1 mark]

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 (iii) 0001 [1 mark]
(iv) 1110 [1 mark]
(b) (i) 0001 [1 mark]
(ii) DAN [1 mark]

(c)
Q Q [1 mark]

(d)
Q [3 marks]
P

13 (a) (i)To focus more light ,so that image are brighter [1 mark]
(ii)
f 0= ½ m / 0.5 m / 50 cm
or
f 0= 1/20 m / 0.05 m / 5 cm

Length = ( 50 + 5 ) = 55 cm [2 marks]

(b) (i) Telescope is long / not convenience to carry around

Produce inverted image
[2 marks]
(ii) Prism 45˚ [1 mark]
(iii) + (iv)

(iii)Correct arrangement of first prism

Correct arrangement of second prism [2 marks]

[ Note: Accept 2-D or 3D diagram of prism ]

Correct ray diagram [1 mark]

(v) Total internal reflection [1 mark]

14. (a) (i) Elastic potential energy [1 mark]

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 F 3.6
(ii) k  , k
x 4
k = 0.9 N cm-1 [2 marks]

(iii) E = ½ Fx
= ½ x 3.6 x 4/100
= 0.072 J [2 marks]
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(iv) x 
0. 9
l = 12 – 5.56 = 6.44 cm [2 marks]

(b) (i) The compession of the spring is directly proportional to the load [1 marks]
(ii) Exceed the elastic limit of the spring/ Spring does not return to its original condition
after the applied force has been removed. [1 mark]
(iii) Connect the spring in parallel
Use spring with larger spring constant.
Use spring with smaller diameter.
[2 marks]

SECTION 4

1. (a) Atmospheric pressure is the weight of air acts on a surface. It caused by air molecule
collision on the surface..
[1mark]
(b) Air pressure in the sticker decrease.
Have the different between pressure in the pump and the air pressure surrounding.
The force is produce
Force > mirror weight
[4 marks]

( c) (i) ( Use F = PA )
Force is produced by pump S = 4.0 x 104 x 0.0025 = 100 N
Force is produced by pump M = 4.5 x 104 x 0.0040 = 180 N
Force is produced by pump T = 6.0 x 104 x 0.0035 = 210 N

[3 marks]
(ii) mirror weight = ρVg
= 2.5 x 10 3 x 1.5 x 0.5 x 0.01 x10
= 187.5 N
[2 marks]

(iii) Pump T is choosed because force is produced bigger than mirror weight.

[2 marks]

2. (a) Electrical energy to heat energy [1 mark ]

(b) E = pt
= 220 x (5x 60) // 220 x 5
= 6.5 x 104 J [2 marks]

(c ) Beaker P, Heat = mcӨ

= 0.8 x 4200 (38 – 30)

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 = 26880 J
Beaker Q, Heat = 0.8 x 4200 x (46 – 30)
= 53760 J
Beaker R , Heat = 0.8 x 4200 x (40 – 30)
= 33600 J [3 marks]

(d) (i) Beaker Q [ 1 mark]

(ii) The increase of water temperature is higher with the same energy supplied
[1 mark]

(e) Immerse the immersion heater fully in the water // wrap the beaker//
// cover th beaker // use beaker of higher specific heat capacity [2 marks]

(f) 0.8x 4200 x (46-T) = 0.2 x 4200 x (T-28)

T = 42.4 °C [ 2 marks[

3 (a) (i) Electromagnetic induction

[1 mark]
(ii) At (a) flux changes in a while (when switch is on) // the coil cuts the magnetic field in a
while // The coil experience flux increases.
At (b) flux changes continously / always happened // solenoid always cuts the
magnetic feild
[2 marks]

(iii) VpIp = 36

36
Ip =
240
= 0.15 A
[2 marks]

(b) (i) D
U shape can produce surface / lower part that consist of two polars: ’North and
South’.
Electromagnetic strength is higher.
Iron core is easy to magnetised and demagnetised.
. [3 marks]

(ii) U shape core is wound with the number of turns of wire and the direction of current
flow to produce both poles North and South at the end.
North and South pole are labelled correctly follow the turns and direction of the
current flow without consider the shape.
[2 marks]

(iii) Increasing the number of turns.

Increase the magnitude of current flow inside the solenoid. [2 marks ]

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 1200
4. (a) V = 240 
800
= 160V [2 mark]

(b) (i) P = 0.25 x 240

= 60 W [2 marks]

(ii) X Transformer = 36 W
Y Transformer = 48 W
Z Transformer = 54 W [3 marks]
(iii) Z transformer [1 mark]

(iv) Highest in Output power / Lowest in power lost

Kuasa output
 100% Highest
Kuasa input
[1 mark]

(c) (i) 60 W [1 mark]

(ii) Resistance of coil wire / Heat produced / Flux leaking / Eddy current produced /
Lost of energy in term of magnetised and demagnetised [1 mark]
(iii) Use the low resistance wire / design the efficient core shape / Use laminated iron
core/ Use soft iron core [1 mark]

5. (a) (i) number of proton = 32 – 17 = 15 [1 mark]

(ii)

[1 markah]
(iii) Phosphorus -32 situated outside the graph that shown the stabile atomic
nucleus.
[1 mark]

(b) (i) The atomic nomber element P incease 1. [1 mark]

Nucleon no. Does’t change [1 mark]

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 (ii) Element P activity change ¼ from origin activity. [1 mark]
The activity of Element Q activity does’t change [1 mark]
(iii) The mass of element P decrease to half from original mass. [1mark ]

(c) (i) Penetration power  ray is weak and can’t penetrate aluminium plate.
[1mark ]
Penetration power  ray is too high and effect our health. [1 mark ]
(ii) P element [1 mark ]
Half life not too long. [1 mark]
SECTION 5
6.
 The submarine has a ballast tank in front and at the end of submarine.
 A water is filled in the ballast tank to increase the density of the submarine // the weight of
submarine.
 The submarine will sank in the sea when it weight is bigger than buoyant force.
[3 marks]

7.
 The specific heat capacity land less than sea water. 1
 During the day time, the land is warmer than the sea. 1
 Air above the land is hot and less dense, so it will move up. 1
 The cooler air from sea more dense move to land. 1

8. Potential energy kinetic energy/ mecanical energy electric energy

 Electric supply is continuously

 Electric supply is depends on region, the region like city needs more electric supply than
interior region.
 Peak hour need more electric supply.
 If one region is black out, the source of electric supply can be taken from another region.
 Reduce the cost.
 Easy to manage and to repair.

* Choose any FOUR from the list.

9.
 A magnetic field is produced when current flow through a wire. 1
 This cause the interaction between a current-carrying conductor 1
and the magnetic field. 1
 A catapult field is produced and cause the wire to move. 1

10.
 Connect the dry cell terminal to the Y-input of CRO. 1
 The Y-gain is set to a value so that the direct current wave form displayed on
the screen CRO. 1
 Determine the distance / part of y-axis. 1
 Potential different = ( Y-gain scale) x (Vertical distance of direct current wave) 1
SECTION 6 .

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Question 1

(i) 1.The energy an object has because of its position.

2.Unit Joule/ Nm

(ii) 1. The load in diagram 1.1 is higher than in figure 1.2.

2. The load has weight.
3. The work done = gravitational potential energy / mgh.
4. The higher the position of the load , the higher the work done.

Question 2.
(i) A virtual image is an image that cannot be formed on a screen
(ii) 1. Both images are upright
2. Image of the convex mirror is smaller
3. Light from an object is reflected by the mirror
4. angle of incidence = angle of reflection
5. Physics concept – Reflection of light.

Question 3.
(a) magnetic field region
(b) 1. The number of turns of the coil in diagram 3.2 is more // vice versa
2. The arrangement pattern of the iron filings in diagram 3.1 is further apart.
3. The angle of deflection of diagram 3.2 is more.
(c ) 1. The closer the pattern of iron filing the greater the strength of magnetic field.
2. The strength of magnetic field increases as the number of turns increases// vice bersa.

Question 4

1 The light bulb in diagram 4.2 does not light up while the light bulb in diagram 4.1 light up
2. In diagram 4.2 the negative terminal cell is connected to the anode.
3. This increase the junction resistance in diagram 4.2
4. The current cannot flow through the junction.
5. The diode in diagram 4.2 is reversed bias.
6. Concept – Diode allows current to flwow in one direction.

Question 5.
(i) Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei,which subsequently emit either
two or three neutrons and release of large amounts of energy.
// the high number mass/ high nucleon number to small nucleus.

(ii). Difference:
State that nuclear fission involves the fission of heavy nucleus.
State that nuclear fusion involves the combination of lighter nuclei

Similarities:
State that decrease/loss of mass after the process occurs.
State that the neutrons are produced.
State that nucleon number/ mass number/ atomic number before and after are the same

E = mc2 // loss of mass/ mass defect directly proportional to the energy released .

SECTION 7

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Question 6.

(i) Distance = 20 x 5
= 100 m

(ii) 500 N
(iii) a = F / m = -500
800
= -25 ms-2
Question 7

(a) 1. The spring constant = gradient of the graph

2. For P , spring constant = 8 / 0.5 = 16 N cm-1
3.For Q , spring constant = 3 / 0.5 = 6 Ncm-1
(b) Elastic potential energy = ½ x 8 x 0.5 x 10 -2
=0.02 J
Question 8
(i) 100°C
(ii) m=ρV = (1) (100)
= 100g
(iii) .2 x 379 ( 100-T) = 0.1 x 4200 x (T-28)
T = 39° C
Question 9
(i) Useful energy output =0 .8 x 10 x1.5
=12 Joule
(ii) Energy input = Pt = 1.2 x 5 x 4
= 24 J

(iii) Efficiency = 12/24 x 100 % = 50 %

Question 10
(i) Potential difference across P = 3500 x 6 = 2.2 V
(3500 + 6000)

(ii) Potential difference across Q, 6000 x 6 = 3.8 V

(3500 + 6000)
(iii) Ring because the voltage across Q exceed / greater than 3.2 V.
SECTION 8
1.
CHARACTERISTIC EXPLANATION
Add number of bulb / arrange the To ensure all the eggs get uniform heat
eggs in eggs container / used fan
Used insulator or wrap the eggs To control / harmonize / to maintain the temperature or
prevent heat loss to the surrounding
Used shiny material / silver colour / As a heat reflector
white / mirror
Used water proof material / strong / Eggs not wet or break
stiff / sponge
Thermostat To control / harmonize / to maintain the temperature
10 marks
2.

Scale

10
Lead shot
Bulb
 CHARACTERISTIC EXPLANATION
hydrometer diagram
placed lead shot / steel ball into glass bulb. to keep the hydrometer upright.
used smaller diameter of the tube / long stem to increase the scale range of measurement
used the bigger bulb. to increase the buoyant force or to increase the
volume of liquid displaced
Calibration :

put hydrometer into the low density liquid (parafin/alcohol)

marked the liquid level on the hydrometer
hydrometer is then put into high density liquid (water)
marked the liquid level.
divided the space between two marked equally.
Any 10 marks

3. Suggestions Explanations
Design a inclined concrete barrier wave is refracted with velocity/ magnitude
10 marks /decreasing wavelength
Design a curve barrier Can be absorb waves/decreasing reflection
Jetty is build at bay Water at the bay is stiller
4. Built diffraction barrier (aperture/slit very small) To diffract the wave / diffracted
Characteristics
for ship passage Explanations
The number of turn in the solenoid. Attaching a steel plate to the ends of acan
Barrier is built from a strong material/concrete Not easily corrosive/broken// U-shaped
preventiron core
a strong
A U-shaped iron core is used forms a closed iron loop. The magnetic field lines in an “
/hard wave
Design the higher barrier iron circuit” increases
water cannottheoverstrength
flow of the electromagnet.

Increasing the number of turn in the
solenoid increases
Increasing the current magnitude
The type of core should be laminated
soft iron.
Increasing of the thickness of the wire.
Increasing the number of turn so Increases the magnetic
field and effects of the windings of the solenoid.
Increasing the current will increase the strength of the
magnet
Soft iron is used because it is easily magnetized and
increasing the magnetic field in the coil
The greater the thickness of the wire, the greater the
strength of the magnetic field of the electromagnet.

10 marks

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5. (a) (i) – During hot weather, resistance at termistor decrease ,potential difference across
- Potential difference across R will increase
- This will produce bigger base –current , and will increase the collector current
- Finally, electric relay will switch on the air conditioner.

4 marks
(ii) - During cold weather , resistance at termistor increase.
- Potential difference across thermistor will increase.
- Potential difference across R will decrease.
- This will produce smaller base-current and no current flow in collector circuit. Finally, electric
relay will swith off the air conditioner.
4 marks

(iii) Circuit diagram

Thermistor 2 marks
SECTION 9

6.
Characteristics Explanation Reason

Safety valve needed To release extra steam so that the pressure

in the cooker does not reach a dangerous
stage
Thickness of the pot High To withstand high pressure
Specific heat capacity of Low Heats up quickly and food will be cooked
the pot faster
Specific heat capacity of High Heats up slowly and can be held with bare
the handle hands
S is chosen Reasons: It has safety valve, high thickness, low specific heat
capacity of the pot, high specific heat capacity of the handle.

7.
Characteristics Explanation Reason

Boiling point High So that liquid slow to heat

Specific heat capacity High So that it can’t be easily hot

Density Average High density, liquid more heavy

Rate of vaporation Low Liquid volume will be decrease faster if rate

of vaporation high
Liquid B is chosen Reasons: Boiling point high, specific heat capacity average, rate of
vaporation low

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8.
Characteristics Explanation Reason

Size and height Stem thin and long To increase accuracy

hydrometer stem
Bulb diameter Big Bouyant force high// Displace more liquid

Bulb A Bulb contains lead Hydrometer upright/ lowing gravity centre/

shot more stable
Hydrometer wall Glass wall No erode by acid

Hydrometer K is chosen Reasons: stem thin and long, diameter air bulb big, bulb contained
lead shot and stem glass walled

9.
Characteristic Suitable property Reason

Diameter small High frequency hence high pitch

Tension high High frequency hence high pitch

Strength high Does not break easily

String material Steel Lasting and does not break easily

Q is chosen Reason: Small diameter, high tension, high strength and its made of
steel.

10.
Characteristics Explanation Reason

Density Low So that the loop will be light

Freezing point High So that it can’t easily freeze

Resitivity Low So that the current high// high heat energy

produced
Rate of corrosion Low Can’t easily rust

Substance R is chosen Reason: Low density, Freezing point average, resistivity low and rate
of corrosion low

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