A Positive Attitude

Will Always
Help You
Learn Better
एक सकारात्मक सोच
आपको
अच्छी चीजें
िसखाती हैं
A Positive Attitude
Will Help You
Learn better

Successful learners have

positive beliefs and attitudes
towards learning.
They are not afraid of new experiences
and can see learning opportunities in
many different settings.
And when you can see opportunities,
hope increases.
psrawat@parabolicdrugs.com
 Safety Training on-
Hazard Communication
KqroN kI jwnkwrI -
suri–q rhny v kwm krny kw qrIkw
29 CFR
1910.1200

psrawat@parabolicdrugs.com
Close Encounters with
Chemicals
• Many employees encounter
chemicals almost every day
• Batch charging
• Dispensing / lot making
• Unloading (from vehicle)
• Filtration
• Siphoning
• Many of these chemicals can cause
injury or illness to the operator or
handlers, - if not handled properly
P. S. Rawat
Purpose of this
Presentation
(Hazard Communication Objectives/Goals)
• “Right to know” chemicals’ hazards
(kYimk¬s sy hony vwly KqroN kI jwnkwrI kw pqw krnw)
• Personal protective equipment
(PPE), (±Xi#qgq sur–w apkrxoN kw pRXog)
• First aid, (pRwQimk apcwr)
• Spills/Leaks (ivKrwv / lIkyj)
• Labels, lybl
• Material safety data sheets (MSDS)
ऍम. एस. डी. एस.
P. S. Rawat
 “Right to Know”
jwnkwrI kw AiDkwr
• As per US law, OSHA created the Hazard
Communication Standard to help ensure the safety
of employees when working with hazardous
chemicals.

• Under Indian Factories Act, 1948 Section, 7C, 41B

information regarding hazardous conditions must
be furnished to all concerned.

• You have a “RIGHT TO KNOW” about the hazardous

chemicals’ you use on the job and how to work
safely with those chemicals (Under Factories Act,
1948, section 111A)

P. S. Rawat
Hazard Communication
Standard (Requirements)
• Chemical manufacturers must:
• Determine a chemical’s hazards
• Provide labels and MSDSs
• Employers must:
• Provide a hazard communication
program
• Maintain MSDSs
• Train users on handling of hazardous
materials safely.
P. S. Rawat
Hazard Communication
Standard (cont.)
• Employees must:
• Read labels and
MSDSs
• Follow instructions
and warnings
provided.
• Identify hazards
before starting a job
• Must Participate in
training

P. S. Rawat
Hazards of the Chemical
Physical Hazards:
Physical hazards are those substances which threaten your physical

safety. The most common types of physical hazards are

• Flammable
• Explosive
• Chemical Reactivity
Health Hazards: They are substances
which threaten your health.

• Corrosive
• Toxic
P. S. Rawat
Plant Labels

• In addition to
commercial
labels, many
organizations
use labels such
as those shown
here.

P. S. Rawat
Hazard Class
• Each colored bar or
small diamond
represents a different
class of hazard. The
hazard classes found
on labels include
Health, Flammability,
Reactivity, and in
some cases, Special
Hazards.
• Each hazard class
uses a different color
and a rating scale
from 0 - 4.

P. S. Rawat
Health Hazards
• The first hazard class
is Health Hazards.
This hazard class is
colored BLUE.
• The rating scale for
Health Hazards is
listed below:
• 0 - No Hazard
1 - Slight Hazard
2 - Dangerous
3 - Extreme Danger
4 - Deadly

P. S. Rawat
 Flammability Hazards
• The second hazard
class is Flammability
Hazards. This hazard
class is colored RED.
• The rating scale for flammability
hazards is based on the flash
point of the material. The flash
point is the temperature at
which the material gives off
enough vapors to sustain
ignition.
• 0 - Will Not Burn
1 - Ignites Above 200 Deg F(93
deg. C)
2 - Ignites Below 200 Deg F (93
deg. C)
3 - Ignites Below 100 Deg F (38
deg. C
4 - Ignites Below 73 Deg F (23
deg. C)

P. S. Rawat
Reactivity
• The third hazard
class is the
Reactivity of the
material. This
hazard class is
colored YELLOW.
• The rating scale for
Reactivity is listed
below:
• 0 - Stable
1 - Normally Stable
2 - Unstable
3 - Explosive
4 - May Detonate

P. S. Rawat
Special Hazards
• Diamond shaped
labels include a fourth
hazard class called
Special Hazards. This
hazard class is
colored WHITE.
• These special hazards are
represented by the following

symbols:

• - Water Reactive
OX - Oxidizer
- Radioactive
COR - Corrosive
ACD - Acid
ALK - Alkali

P. S. Rawat
Routes of Entry
SrIr myN jwny (Gusny) ky qrIky
• Absorption thru
Skin and eye
contact (AWK v cmVI sy
AvSoiÃwq honw)
• Inhalation- ÆvWs ky ùwrw
• Swallowing –inglny ky ùwrw
• Penetration – चमड़ी के
द्वारा घुस जाना
P. S. Rawat
Toxicity vs. Hazard
The term toxicity is used to describe the ability
of a substance to cause a harmful effect.

EVERYTHING is toxic at some dose.

Even water! If someone drinks too much water

at any one time, it can cause death.

Toxicity: The ability of a substance to cause a harmful effect

Toxicity vs. Dose

There is a balance between toxicity and dose.
Dose is the AMOUNT of something you are
exposed to, or come in contact with. The less the
toxicity, the greater the dose you can tolerate
without ill effects. The greater the toxicity, the
less dose you can tolerate without becoming sick.
P. S. Rawat
 Hazard Potential
Hazard Potential is the likelihood
that a specific chemical or
substance (toxic material) will
cause an ill effect at a given dose.
The following screens will help you
to understand the relationship
between toxicity, dose, and hazard
potential.
Hazard Potential: The likelihood
that a specific chemical or toxic
material will cause an ill effect at
a given dose.
P. S. Rawat
 High Toxicity -
Low Dose
For example, acetone is a highly toxic
chemical. But you could work safely with it, if
you were outside or in a well ventilated room
where your dose would be very low. As the
chart below shows, your hazard potential for
working with acetone in a well ventilated room
would be low.

P. S. Rawat
 Low Toxicity -
High Dose
Let's take another example. Nitrogen gas has
a low toxic rating. It is found in great amounts
in the air we breathe. However, if you were in
a confined space that had only nitrogen gas in
it (a very high dose), you would soon die
because of the lack of oxygen. As the chart
below indicates, your hazard potential for
working in a room filled with nitrogen would be
high.

P. S. Rawat
 Acute / Chronic
Dosage mw¿ww: AwiKr kb qk?
• Acute effects; Feeling dizziness with acetone.
Acute Health Hazards: Health hazards whose effects occur immediately or soon after you come in

contact with them.

• Chronic effects:
Asbestos. The dangerous effects for people who have been overexposed to asbestos take years to
appear and have been linked to a number of fatal lung diseases.

Chronic Health Hazards: Health hazards whose effects take years or decades to occur after many exposures

P. S. Rawat
Safe Exposure Limits
• Much research has been done by 
government agencies and groups to establish 
safe exposure limits for the chemicals used in 
our work area.

• These limits are based upon a Time Weighted 
Average or TWA. TWAs have been 
established for all the chemicals you work 
with and limit the average amount of a 
chemical you can be exposed to over an eight 
hour day. It is also called TLV/OEL/PEL

• Within the facility, materials which are health 
hazards must be monitored on a regular 
basis to insure that no one is overexposed.

P. S. Rawat
PPE
• Dust masks and respirators
• Glasses, goggles, and face
shields
• Gloves
• Foot protection
• Aprons or full-body suits

P. S. Rawat
Hazardous Materials
First Aid
• Eyes: Flush with
water for 15
minutes
• Skin: Wash with
soap and water
• Inhalation: Move to
fresh air
• Swallowing: Get
emergency medical
assistance
P. S. Rawat
Spills and Leaks
• Evacuate the area
• Raise alarm
• Notify a supervisor
or the core group
team
• Remove ignition
sources (if safe to
do so)
• Stay away

P. S. Rawat
Properly Labeled?
lybl kw shI FNg sy lgwnw !

P. S. Rawat
Importance of Labels
lybl kw mhœv
• The identity of the chemical
• Name, address, and emergency
phone numbers of the manufacturer
• Physical and health hazards
• Special handling instructions
• Basic PPE recommendations
• First aid, fire response, spill cleanup methods &
procedures
P. S. Rawat
 NFPA Labeling Systems
National Fire Protection Association =
NFPA
• Blue = Health hY¬Q ःवाःथ्य पर ूभाव
• Red = Flammability
^vlnSIlqw
• Yellow = Reactivity
िबयाशीलता
• White = Other hazards
or special handling AñX Kqry
• Scale: 0 (No Hazard)
P. S.to 4 (Extreme Hazard)
Rawat
MSDS- Em Es fI Es

• Reading an MSDS
• Em Es fI Es kw pFænw
• MSDS locations
• Em Es fI Es kHW hY?
• Finding a specific
MSDS
• ivSyÃw Em Es fI Es kw
pqw lgwnw
P. S. Rawat
MSDS (cont.)

• Chemical and manufacturer

identity
• Hazardous ingredients
• Physical and chemical
characteristics
• Fire, explosion, and reactivity

P. S. Rawat
MSDS (cont.)

• Health hazards
• Routes of entry
• Exposure levels (PEL or TLV)
• Symptoms of exposure
• First-aid and emergency information

P. S. Rawat
MSDS (cont.)

• PPE
• Safe handling
and storage
• Spills and leaks
• Legal Compliance issues

P. S. Rawat
 Thank you.

Wish you a safe working

Simplified and translated for better understanding by Indian citizens:
P. S. Rawat
Sr. Manager Safety
Parabolic Drugs Ltd.
Contact for further clarity: psrawat@parabolicdrugs.com

P. S. Rawat