ORAL

COMMUNICATION 15/07/18
Ms. Katrisha Faye G. Pingol

The Models of Communication

The The The
ARISTOTELIAN SHANNON-WEAVER LASSWELL
Model Model Model

SCHRAMM’s BERLO’s WHITE’s

Model Model Model

SPEECH
SYMBOLIC
DANCE COMMUNICATION
Model TRANSACTION INTERACTION
Model Model

The ARISTOTELIAN Model The ARISTOTELIAN Model

•  First developed among •  Speaker plays a key role
the Greeks in communicaOon
•  Simple and basic •  Speaker communicates
•  3 main features: in such a way that the
q  Speaker listeners get influenced
q  Message and respond
q  Audience accordingly.

The ARISTOTELIAN Model The ARISTOTELIAN Model

•  SENDER = ACTIVE member
•  RECEIVER = PASSIVE
member
•  Golden rule to excel in
public speaking, seminars, SPEAKER SPEECH AUDIENCE
(Message) (Listener)
lectures, and sales talks.

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ORAL COMMUNICATION 15/07/18
Ms. Katrisha Faye G. Pingol

The SHANNON-WEAVER Model The SHANNON-WEAVER Model

•  Known as the mother of all •  IdenOfied factors
communicaOon models
affecOng
•  Originally designed for telephone communicaOon = NOISE
communicaOon
•  One-way or linear
sequence of
transmission and
recepOon

The SHANNON-WEAVER Model The LASSWELL Model

RECEIVED
•  Harold Lasswell
SIGNAL
INFORMATION
SOURCE
TRANSMITTER
CHANNEL
SIGNAL
RECEIVER DESTINATION (1948)
MESSAGE MESSAGE
•  One of the earliest
models of
NOISE
SOURCE communicaOon
•  VERBAL model

The LASSWELL Model The LASSWELL Model

•  Linear (one-way) process
•  About the process of
communicaOon and its SAYS IN WHAT TO WITH
funcOon to society. WHO WHAT CHANNEL WHOM WHAT
Communicator
Medium
q  Surveillance
Message Receiver
EFFECT
Effect

q  CorrelaOon
q  Cultural transmission

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ORAL COMMUNICATION 15/07/18
Ms. Katrisha Faye G. Pingol

SCHRAMM’s Model SCHRAMM’s Model

•  Proposed by Wilbur MESSAGE
Schramm
ENCODER DECODER
•  People interact in a
INTERPRETER INTERPRETER
constant cyclical fashion
ENCODER
•  Captures the noOons of DECODER

process and interacOon.

MESSAGE

BERLO’s Model BERLO’s Model

•  Proposed by David Berlo
(1960) SOURCE MESSAGE CHANNEL RECEIVER
•  Described factors
Communication Communication
affecOng the individuals Skills
Content Hearing
Skills
Elements Seeing
in communicaOon Attitudes Attitudes
Treatment Touching
Knowledge Knowledge
•  Focuses on encoding and Social System
Structure Smelling
Social System
decoding Culture
Code Tasting
Culture

WHITE’s Model WHITE’s Model

SYMBOLIZING
•  Implies a step-by- THINKING EXPRESSING

step sequence of
events that takes MONITORING TRANSMITTING

place in
FEEDBACKING RECEIVING
communicaOon DECODING

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ORAL COMMUNICATION 15/07/18
Ms. Katrisha Faye G. Pingol

DANCE Model DANCE Model

•  Advanced by Frank •  CommunicaOon moves
Dance in a cyclical fashion –
moving forward but
•  Represented by a
coming back upon
spiraling figure = the
itself.
helix
•  What we say now
•  CommunicaOon evolves influences the future.

SPEECH COMMUNICATION SPEECH COMMUNICATION

TRANSACTION Model TRANSACTION Model
•  CollaboraOve exchange of
•  Two-way process messages between
communicators
•  Includes feedback as an
•  Aims for understanding
element
•  Barriers may interfere
•  InteracOve model with the flow of
communicaOon

SPEECH COMMUNICATION SYMBOLIC INTERACTION Model

TRANSACTION Model
•  Reflects the nature of
communicaOon as a
dynamic, systemic process
in which communicators
construct personal
meanings through their
symbolic interacCons

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ORAL COMMUNICATION 15/07/18
Ms. Katrisha Faye G. Pingol

SYMBOLIC INTERACTION Model SYMBOLIC INTERACTION Model

•  A given interacOon
serves as a starOng
point for the next
and future
interacOons.

Sources and References

•  Oral CommunicaOon in Context (2017 EdiOon)
by C&E Publishing, Inc.
•  Comm 3: PracOcal Speech Fundamentals
(Experimental EdiOon) by Dr. Celia T. Bulan