Belt Conveyor

Belt Conveyor System
1. BELTING SYSTEM
Rubber belting constitutes a major outlet for rubber in industrial

application. Rubber belts can be generally divided into flat belt and 'V'
belts. The flat belts further split into conveyor and transmission belts.
1.1
Belting
Flat belting 'V' belting
Conveyor Transmission
Flat Troughed
a) Conveyor belts : It carries material at low speeds and operate over

relatively large pulleys.
b) Transmission : It is used to transfer belts power and operate over

relatively large pulleys.
c) V belts : It transmits power between 'V' grooved pulley.
2. CONVEYOR BELTING, FUNCTIONS & ARRANGEMENTS
belt conveyors are used to carry economically a greater diversity of bulk

material at higher capacity and for greater distances than any other kind
of continuously operating such mechanical Conveyor. It can be used for
material varying in lump size, moisture contend, chemical characteristics
and temperature.
A belt conveyor carries material on the up run of the belt and is charges
the load over the head pulley, the empty belts running below. Belts
conveyor may be horizontal inclined or declined or follows a combination
of these paths.
Flat belts are generally used to carry bottle bags and packaged materials.
Troughed belt increase the loading without fear of spillage of the material
and is suitable handling bulk material in both dry and semi wet conditions.
Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 1

GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS
OF BELT CONVEYOR
1. TAIL PULLEY
2. HEAD PULLEY
3. TAKE UP
4. SNUB PULLEY
5. TROUGHING IDLER
6. TRAINING IDLER
7. IMPACT IDLER
8. RETURN IDLER
9. DISCHARGE CHUTE
10 FEED CHUTE

4. CONVEYOR BELT CONSTRUCTION
4.1 In general a conveyor belts has to meet the following basic

requirements.
λ HIGH STRENGTH
λ LOW GROWTH
λ HIGH IMPACT RESISTANCE
λ GOOD TROUGHABILITY
λ NO BUCKLING
λ EFFECTIVE MECHANICAL SPLICING
λ GOOD ADHERING BETWEEN COMPONENTS
λ RESISTANCE TO ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
4.2 Other requirements for special application
λ FIRE RESISTANCE
λ ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
λ NO TOXICITY IN THE COMBUSTION GASES.

1. STRAIGHT PLY CONSTRUCTION
2. BREAKER PLY CONSTRUCTION
3. STEPPED PLY CONSTRUCTION
4. ARM LOCK EDGE CONSTRUCTION

4.3 COVERS
Primary purposes of the cover to protect the belt conveyor against

damages. Therefore, the top cover normally will be greater in thickness
than the bottom cover to take care wear of conveying side of belt.
Cover
Insulation
Gum
Fabric Reinforced
Cable Steed-Cable
Conveyor Belt
Cables Cover Breaker
Insulation Gum Plies
The most common carcass construction is general use in the multiply

type, which is made up of two or more plies of waver belt fabric
previously impregnated with an elastomer.
Figure 3-10 Rubber Covered, Folded Edge.

Carcass Conveyor Belt
Figure 3-11 Rubber Covered, Raw Edge

Carcass Conveyor Belt
Raw or cut-Edge Conveyor Belt

4.4 DIFFERENT GRADES OF BELTS
λ General purpose : Carrying ores : M-24

Carrying coals, Ash, Cement : N-17
λ Heat resistant : Y Tex

Y therms
λ Fire resistant : CAN, CSA, MSHA
4.5 BELT DESIGNATIONS
200/2, 315/3, 365/3, 500/3, 630/4

800/4, 1000/4, 1250/4, 1250/5, 1500/5
1500/6, 1800/6, 2000/4, 2000/5
2000 4 10+6 M-24 cut edge
Grade
Bottom cover, 6mm
Tob Cover, 10mm
No of Ply, 4
2000 KN Tensile Strength 1 m Width
4.6. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
λ S I 1891
λ B S 490
λ DIN 22102
λ AS 1332
4.7 TYPICAL CONVEYOR BELT SELECTION
1. Conveyor data
λ Width
λ Maximum tension
λ Pulleys diameter head, tail, snub
λ Idlers

λ Material to be carried
λ Method of jointing
2. Carcass Selection
λ Maximum tension
λ Minimum plies for load support
λ Maximum plies for empty troughing
λ Pulley sizes
λ Impact load
3. Cover Selection
λ Top Cover
λ Pulley cover
λ Breaker
5. TAKE UP
5.1 PURPOSE OF TAKE UP
Take up devices, the name from the fact that it takes up changes in belt
length. In taking up length they maintain tension.
Often the critical point lies immediately following the drive since it is
necessary to maintain tensions at the point to prevent slippage on the
drive pulley. As some cases, however the critical point may not be near
the drive but at some point of lower elevation such as foot of a slope on
the bottom of a dip in the conveyor line.
5.2 TYPES OF TAKE UP
1) Manual : Screw type
2) Automatic Gravity hydraulic Pneumatic, electric

An automatic take-up (counter weight) must provide sufficient travel to

handle any elastic length changes due to load variation or temperature
changes plus inelastic changes likely to occur between refastening or
replacing.
Manual take up
The screw type (providing enough movement to establish initial tension in

the belt and to provide periodic readjustment as the belt stretches.
Automatic take-up, the counter weight type provides sufficient travel to

handle any elastic changes due to load variation.
Tail pulley take up in provided by mounting. The tail pulley on a carriage

the runs parallel to the Centre line of the belt.

6. CONVEYOR LOADING, IDLERS & AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
6.1 Generally the feed to the belt comes from fairly large reserve of
material, a continuous uniform amount must be taken from the reserve to
load the belt as along as it is running. Some machine feeding device is
required for this purpose.
Common type of feeders include the following.
1. Pan feeders
2. Vibratory feeder
3. Reciprocating feeder
4. Belt feeder
5. Hand controlled gate.

Figure 11-1 Pan (Apron) Feeders
Figure 11-2 Vibratory Feeder
Figure 11-3 Reciprocating Feeder
Figure 11-4 Belt Feeder

Figure 11-5 Hand Controlled Gate
6.2 CHUTES
Once the rate of feed is determined & set, speed and placement of
material on the belt are controlled by the loading chute & skirt boards.
The chute's width must be greater enough to accept material lying of

extreme edges of the preceding belt feeder
Because material coming from a preceding belt usually has substantial

velocity there is a choice of positions for the receiving end of the chute. It
can be placed in such a way to reduce impact on the chute and less
material degradation.
During starting & stopping when the load has a trajectory too low to reach
the chute, provision of convergence & dribble chute are also available.

6.3 SKIRT BOARDS
The chute having delivered load the succeeding belt; has no further
control of the material. To control on loading turbulence, the skirt board
are necessary.

6.4 IDLERS
Conveyor belt operate idlers. The volume of material carried over the
toughing idlers, trained through the guided path by training idler &
returned to the cyclic order by returned idlers.
6.6 DIAMETERS OF IDLER ROOLS
Diameter selection is influenced by speed, weight, of load, and belt lump

size and life expectancy.
100 to 125 mm dia : 1.5 to 3 m/s belt speed (ball bearing of 16mm ID)
1600 kg/m3 material flow 150 to 175 mm dia : 4 to 5 m/s belt speed (Ball
by 32 mm ID) more than 1600 kg/m3)
6.6 CARRYING IDLERS
The most commonly used toughing idler has three rolls of equal length
with inclined rolls usually of angles of 20 deg. 35 deg & 45 deg. 20 deg
are standard in most application.
6.7 RETURY IDLE
Return idlers carry bearing loads and operates against dirty side of the
belt.





7. INSTALLATION
7.1 HANDLING THE ROLL OF BELTING
λ Each rolls of belt is marked with an arrow that shown the direction
of rotation on the package.
λ Belt rolls should not be dropped from truck.
λ For hosting use a bar passing through the hole in the Centre of the
roll
λ Pulling the belt on the conveyor
In mounting the rolls the belt must load off the top of the roll if it is being
pulled onto the troughing idler but off the bottom of roll if it is being pulled
onto the return idlers.
In some mines, installation of the belt my be by pulling off the roll and
reefed so have large bends to avoid strain on belt.
In some underground application belt must make 90 deg trust with turn
table mounted spindle are often used.
λ Belt for replacement
The old belt clamped off and cut, and new belt is spliced to the leading
end of the old belt by using plate fasteners. the trailing end of the old belt
is hooked to a tractor or other means of providing traction.
The conveyor drive motor is used to pull on the used belt while the towing
device drags the old belt away.
7.2 TENSIONING THE BELT
The amount tension required in a belt at splicing depend upon the take-up
then the average funning tension in the belt, the point along the conveyor
where the splice is being made, and whether the belt is tensioned by
pulling in one direction only or in both direction. If a belt is spliced at the
top of a slope, more splicing, tension is required than if spliced at the
bottom.
7.3 TRAINING THE BELT

Training the belt is a process of adjusting idlers, pulleys and loading

conditions a manner that will correct tendency of the belt to run other
than centrally.
7.3.1 FACTORS AFFECTING TRAINING OF A BELT
Pulleys and snubs. Steering effect is obtained by crown of conveyor

pulleys. The greatest advantage of crowing is the centering the belt as it
passes through the pulleys at load or tail & take up.
λ CARRYING IDLERS
The belt can be trained with troughing idlers in two ways.
a) Shifting the idlers axis with respect to the path of the belt, known as
KNOCKING IDELER
b) Tilting the truughing idler forward (not over 2 degrees) in the

direction of belt travel by putting shims under the rear leg of the
idler stand produces self aligning.
λ RUTURN IDLERS
These idlers are pivoted about a central pin, results self aligning effect.
λ AUTOMATIC ALIGNING DEVICES
Centre pivoted return idlers are some times connected in group of two or
three to operate together and are actuated by a external mechanism that
takes its action from the belt position. They have a very strong influence
in centering the return, as it approaches the tail pulley.
λ SIDE GUIDE IDLERS
They can be used to assist in training the belt initially to prevent it from
running off the pulley and damaging itself against the structure of the
conveyor system.

Temporary Flat Roll at Bend Point
Figure 13.1 Roll Supports for pulling on B
No WEIGHT TO BE
PLACED ON TOP
KEEP BENDS LARGE TO

PREVENT BREAKING
CARCASS
Figure 13.2 Reefing a Conveyor Belt
Pulley Belt ends

P -FRICTION ARE TURNS

7. BELT CONTROLS & SAFETY DEVICES
8.1 THE POWER UNIT
Belt conveyor a mostly universally drawn by electric motor. The most

common electric motor for driving belt conveyor is the squirrel cage
induction motor.
8.1.1 Small conveyor drives using a line start with low starting current.
8.12 Conveyor having high belt tension a high starting torque and low
starting current are considered.
8.1.2 In multiple unit conveyor progressive movement of the belt is done

by sequence starting rather than simultaneous starting.
8.2 Couplings
Various coupling between motor & gear box can be used to control the
acceleration of the belt independent of motor acceleration and to relieve
current in rush by getting the motor under way before loading it. Fluid
coupling are used to facilitate the start by allowing the motor to a acquire
some speed and starting current inrush to fall, before the load is picked
up. Two types of fluid coupling are used.
1. traction type fluid coupling
2. scoop type fluid coupling
8.3 SAFETY DEVICES
In belt conveyor system safety devices are IN BUILT. There are two types
of safety devices provided.
1. for operating personnel
2. for belt & equipment.

8.3.1 PERSONNEL PROTECTION DEVICES

a) Emergency stop switch (Pull cord)
b) Warning horns (are to warn the starting of the belt)
c) Light Signal
d) Belt crossover stile & walk ways (for crossing a conveyor belt
safety)
e) Sequence protection (it is necessary to ensure in case a belt is
stopped all feeders or other belts loading onto at are also stopped)
f) Over speed protection
g) Pulley guards
h) Lighting
8.3.2 TRAINING IN CONVEYOR OPERATION & PROEDURES

λ Train all personnel who work around belt.
λ Don't clean belt while in motion.
λ Don't carry any repair work, unless written clearance from electrical
personnel is obtained.
λ Provide tags to hang on electrical switches to indicate repairs are
ongoing.
λ Avoid inspection of belts by feeling with finger.
10. BELT CONVEYOR MAINTENANCE
Equipment Belt Conveyor

Check list for operation & maintenance.
1. Grease periodically all grease point for pulley bearing.
2. Grease periodically all grease point for idler bearing.
3. Grease periodically all grease points for other designed sealing
activities.
4. Check oil level for driving Gear Box.
5. Grease periodically Motor bearings.
6. Check belt scraper
7. check and clean all pulleys surfaces.
8. Check and clean all Idler tube surfaces
9. Check all bolts and nuts for entire conveyor
10. Check rope clamps for tensioning devices
11. Check Idler rotation and Work for correction
12. Check all bearing for pulley about its free rotation
13. Check all bearing for pulley about its free rotation
13. Check for free movement of self aligning Idler set and clean if
necessary.
14. Check pulley lagging and impact idler lining

15. List and check important block bolts connection. Coupling bolts,
bearing block. And other drive bolts.
16. Check back stock (Hold back)
17. Check brakes if provided.
18. Check abnormal belt war & tear and belt wander and note for
analysis.
19. Check condition of splices for belt jointing.
20. Check wear pattern of Idler rolls.
21. Check misalignment of drivers of low speed coupling and high
speed coupling periodically.
22. Check and note particular area for belt running off Centre and
correct if required.
23. Check for damaged Idler supporting structure.
24. Check for V-plugh or return belt cleaning devices.
25. Check function of pull cord switches.
26. Check function of belt sway switches
27. Check function of centrifugal switch.
28. Check for any material stickiness in chute and hopper
29. Check function of Magnetic head pulley/over head magnetic
separator/suspended magnet etc.
30. Check function of Metal detector, if provided.
31. Check all seal leakage in gear drives.
32. Check for conveyor skirting rubber, its clamps and gap etc.
33. Check for central loading of material onto belt.
34. Check motor current on load and without load for comparing with
Tonnes per hour loading.
35. Check for slippage of belt over pulleys and belt tension.
36. Check for movement of take up trolley.
37. Check for wear/tear of chute/hopper liners.
38. Check for vibration level for drives and other connecting structure
39. Check for belt swaying due to wind thrust.
IMPORTANT NOTES : IF POSSIBLE RECORD AS MUCH DATA FOR

ALL CHECKING FOR ANALYSIS THE PROBLEM FOR CORRECTIVE
ACTION.

11. COMMON PLAT PROBLEMS
Table - Causes and Corrification of Conveyor belt troubles.
1. CONVEOR RUNNING TO ONE SIDE. AT GIVEN POINT ON

STRUCTURE.
CAUSES CORRECTION
λ One or more idlers Advance, in the direction of belt

immediately preceding trouble travel, the end of the idler to which
point, not square (at right the belt has shifted.
angles) to longitudinal AXIS
OF belt
λ Conveyor frame of structure Stretch string along edge to

crooked. determine extent & the correction.
λ One or more idler stands not Improve maintenance and

centered on belt lubrication.
λ Sticking idlers Belt runs of on Check terminal pulley alignment

terminal pulley. check alignment of idlers
approaching terminal pulley.
λ Build up of material on idlers. Improve maintenance, install

scrappers or other clean device.
λ Structure not level and belt Level structure.

tends to shift to low side.

II PARTICULAR SECTION OF CONVEYOR BETLS RUNS TO ON

POINTS ON CONVEYOR
λ Belt not joined squarely Refasten, cutting ends squares.
λ Bowed belt. If belt is new, this condition should

straighten out as soon as the belt
has operated under full load tension
and becomes broke in, in rare
instance belt must be straight
straightened or replaced avoid bad
storage condition such as
telescope rolls or one edge close to
damp ground or well use self
aligning idlers particularly on return
run, approaching tail pulley to get
central load it.
III CONVEYOR BELT RUNS TO ONE SIDE FOR LONG DISTANCE

ALONG BED.
λ Load being placed on belt off Adjust chute and loading conditions
center so as to place loss center of belt.
λ See also causes and

corrections under

IV BELT IS ERRATIC (FOLLOWS NO PATTERN OF PERFORMANCE)
Use self aligning idlers, till

troughing idlers forward but more
than 2 deg; use more troughable
bet.
λ Combination of causes under Correct loading first; then other

II & II with off center causes can be identifier
Causes Correction
V. SEVERAL WEAR ON PULLEY SIDE OF CONVEYOR BELT
λ Slippage on drive pulley Increase tension through screw

take up or more counter weight lag
drive pulley (grooved lagging if wet)
Increase are of contact cut drive
pulley with snub.
λ Spillage of material that is Improve loading conditions with

ground between bell & pulley chute if belt is loaded too full,
or that builds up at loading increase belt speed of decrease
point until belt is dragging. feed onto decking between top &
return snubs, install scrapers in
front of tall pulley on return run;
prevent leakage of abrasive fines at

fasteners by changing to plate

fasteners or vulcanized splice.
λ Sticking idlers.
λ Excessive tilt to troughing Improve maintenance and

idlers. lubrication.
λ Bolt heads protruding Tighten bolts replaced worn lagging

use vu anized on lagging.
λ Excessive tilt to troughing Adjust to note more than 2 deg.

From line perpendicular to belt
straighten as many as possible to
vertical.
V. EXCESSIVE STRETCH CONVEYOR
λ TENSION TOO HIGH Increase speed, keeping tonnage

same reduce tonnage at same
speed; reduce friction with better
maintenance & replacing of worn
out and frozen idlers; decrease
tension by improving drive with
lagging and/or increased are of
contact, use counterweight take up
of minimum amount replace with
belt of lower elongation.

VI. BELT SHRINKS
λ Absorbing moishere Put in extra piece and install with

take up hold away down.
VII. GROOVING, COUGING OR STRIPPING OF TOP COVER
λ Skirt board seals too stiff and Use more pliable seals (do not use
pressed against belt old belting.
λ Excessive space between belt Adjust seals to minimum clearance.

and skirt seals.
λ Metal sides of chute skirts too Adjust to at least 25mm between

close to belt metal and belt & have gap
increasing in direction of travel so
as to prevent material jamming at
this point.
λ And gap not increasing
λ In direction of belt travel,

chute.
λ Material handing under Install cushion idlers to hold up

impact at loading point against skirts.
allowing material to be
trapped against skirt.
λ Material hanging under back Improve loading to prevent spillage

panels of chute. or install baffles.

λ Jamming of material in chute Widen chute.
CAUSES CORRECTION
VIII. SHORT BREAKER IN CARCASS PARALLEL TO BELT EDGE AND

STAR BREAKS IN CARCASS.
λ Impact of humps on belt Reduce impact use cushion idlers.
λ Materials trapped between Install plows or scrapers on return

belt and pulley ahead of tail pulley.
IX. TRANSVERSE BREAKS AT BELT EDGE
See I, II, III
λ Belt edges folding on IV, install limit switches to stop belt

structure in case of extreme shifting, provide,
more lateral clearance.
λ Mildew Replace with mildew resistance

carcass.
λ Fine idler before head pulley Adjust older position in accordance

located too close or too high with recommendations.
with respect to head pulley.
λ Inadequate convex curve.

VIII. COVER BLISTERS OR SAND BLISTERS
λ Cover cuts or very small Make spot repair with vulcuniser or

cover puncture allow fine self curing repair materials, in
particles to work under cover severe & repeating cases refer all
away from. details to Goodyear for analysis.
See XIV
XI. EXCESSIVE TOP COVER WEAR UNIFORM AROUND BELT
λ Dirty stuck or misaligned Install cleaning devices, wash belt,

return rolls used rubber disc return idlers
repair, replace, & realign return
rolls.
λ Cover quality too low Replace with belt of heavier cover

gauge or higher quality rubber
λ Pile up spilled material at tail Improve house keeping and

pulley loading.
λ Side loading or poor loading. Redesign chute to make load feed

onto belt in same direction as belt
runs and at approx, same speed as
belt.
λ Excessive sag between idlers Increase tension if it is unnecearily

cause load work and shuffle low, reduce idler spacing.

on belt as it passes over
idlers XI.
II. BELT CENTER RAISES OFF TROUGHING IDLERS BOWING

TOWARDS LOADS.
λ Oil in material Remove source of oil if possible to

complete life present belt cut
longitudinal grooves in cover with
tire grooving tools to relieve
transverse pressure exerted by
swelling rubber, replace with proper
ORS belt.
Causes Correction
XIV COVER SWITCH IN SPONSOR LINES ON PULLEY SIDE

COINCIDENT JUNCTION OF TROUGHING ROLLS
λ Spill oil or grease Better house keeping
λ Over lubrication or of top run Reduce quantity of grease used and

idlers check greases.
XI FASTENERS PULLING OUT
λ Mildew Replace with mildew resistant

causes

λ Wrong type of fasteners are Replace belt with proper type and
not tight. size of fastener and set put
schedule for regular fastener
inspection, retighten new fastemers
after a few hours run.
λ Tension too high Check tension in belt and if too high

see VI. For corrections; use
vulcanized splice.
λ Heat Use vulcanized splice recess

fastenders and cover with self
curing repair material.
XVI TRANSVERSE BREAKS IN BELT IMMEDIATELY BEHIND

FASTENERS
λ Fastener plates too long Change to smaller, shorter fsteners:

increase pulley size.
XVII LENGTHWISE RIPS PARTIALLY OR ENTIRELY THROUGH BELT.
See VIII
λ Belt running of and snagging See I,II,III and IV

on structure
λ Puncture by tramp iron at Use metal detector or magnetic

chute remover, use wire insert belt
construction.

λ Fastener failure See XV.
XVIII CREACENT BREAKS IN CARCASS, OR MUSHY SPOTS WHERE

CARCASS ROTTED UNDER COVER.
λ Mildew Replace with mildew resistant

carcass
XIX LENGTHIWISE RUPTURE OF CARCASS WILL TOP COVER AND

POSSIBLE PARTS OF PULLEY COVER UNBROKEN.
λ Belt running off against See I, II, III, & IV

structure and folding back on
use. If as it passes around Install limit switches.
terminal pulley.
λ Jointing of many breaks due Reduce impact, use cushion idlers.

to impact of material on belt.
CAUSES CORRECTIONS
XX CARCASS FATIGUE AT IDLER JUNCTION

λ Improper transition between Increase transition length, use

trumped belt and terminal transition idlers, elevate terminals
pulley. pulley.
λ Severe convex vertical curve Decrease idler spacing in curve

area, use transition idlers, increase
curve radius, remove or lower ands
elevated idlers in curve area.
λ Excessive forward tilt of Reduce forward tilt.

trough rolls.
λ Excess gap between idler Replace with heavier belt, replace,

rolls. with idlers having max gap of 10
mm.
λ Insufficient transverse Replace with the proper belt.

stiffness
XXI. HARDENING AND CRACKING COVERS WILL EVENTUAL

HARDENING OF CARCASS AND LOSS OF DUCK STRENGTH.
λ Heat Consult belt

Manufacturer
For correct heat
Resisting belt.
12. BELT JOINING
The fastened joint does not provide the strength obtainable with a
revealed space. Whenever practical, the vulcanized space should be used
as means of jointing conveyor belting where vulcanizing splices can be
used. They have the following advantages.
λ Freedoms from tear
λ A light joint
λ A strength joint

λ More strength in splice.
12.1 Length of splices.
= 6 + (N-1) S
Where b = bias length
N = number of plies
U = Step length
For belt width (mm) Brass length (mm)
400 200
600 300
750 375
900 450
1050 525
1200 525
1350 600
1500 600
1800
12.2 Spice Tools
50 mm roller, sticker, 100 mm Knife vent, combination of ply knife and

prodder, ply knife, Mill knife Awt, Mill knife blades, ply lifter (Screw driver,
carpenters pincers, scissors Rule, Skiving knife, sharpening stone
MARKING PANEL, VICE GRIP, CABLE COME ALONG.
ΕΕΕΕΕΕΕΕΕΕ
ΕΕΕΕΕΕ
ΕΕΕ

Reference : Hand book of conveyor & Elevator belting Good year.

Belt Conveyor

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Belt Conveyor

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Belt Conveyor System

Rubber belting constitutes a major outlet for rubber in industrial

Flat belting 'V' belting

a) Conveyor belts : It carries material at low speeds and operate over

b) Transmission : It is used to transfer belts power and operate over

c) V belts : It transmits power between 'V' grooved pulley.

2. CONVEYOR BELTING, FUNCTIONS & ARRANGEMENTS

belt conveyors are used to carry economically a greater diversity of bulk

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 1

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 2

4. CONVEYOR BELT CONSTRUCTION

4.1 In general a conveyor belts has to meet the following basic

λ HIGH IMPACT RESISTANCE

λ EFFECTIVE MECHANICAL SPLICING

λ GOOD ADHERING BETWEEN COMPONENTS

λ RESISTANCE TO ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS

4.2 Other requirements for special application

λ NO TOXICITY IN THE COMBUSTION GASES.

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 3

1. STRAIGHT PLY CONSTRUCTION

2. BREAKER PLY CONSTRUCTION

3. STEPPED PLY CONSTRUCTION

4. ARM LOCK EDGE CONSTRUCTION

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 4

Primary purposes of the cover to protect the belt conveyor against

Insulation Gum Plies

The most common carcass construction is general use in the multiply

Figure 3-10 Rubber Covered, Folded Edge.

Figure 3-11 Rubber Covered, Raw Edge

Raw or cut-Edge Conveyor Belt

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 5

4.4 DIFFERENT GRADES OF BELTS

λ General purpose : Carrying ores : M-24

λ Heat resistant : Y Tex

λ Fire resistant : CAN, CSA, MSHA

4.5 BELT DESIGNATIONS

200/2, 315/3, 365/3, 500/3, 630/4

2000 4 10+6 M-24 cut edge

Bottom cover, 6mm

Tob Cover, 10mm

2000 KN Tensile Strength 1 m Width

4.6. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

4.7 TYPICAL CONVEYOR BELT SELECTION

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 6

λ Minimum plies for load support

λ Maximum plies for empty troughing

5.1 PURPOSE OF TAKE UP

5.2 TYPES OF TAKE UP

1) Manual : Screw type

2) Automatic Gravity hydraulic Pneumatic, electric

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 7

An automatic take-up (counter weight) must provide sufficient travel to

The screw type (providing enough movement to establish initial tension in

Automatic take-up, the counter weight type provides sufficient travel to

Tail pulley take up in provided by mounting. The tail pulley on a carriage

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 8

6. CONVEYOR LOADING, IDLERS & AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

Common type of feeders include the following.

5. Hand controlled gate.

Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute 9

Figure 11-1 Pan (Apron) Feeders

Figure 11-2 Vibratory Feeder

Figure 11-3 Reciprocating Feeder

Figure 11-4 Belt Feeder