Ans: Telemetry

Chapter 1: Introduction to Elec Comm

17. Receiving electromagnetic emissions from
1. Communication is the process of stars is called
Ans: exchanging information Ans: Radio-astronomy

2. Two key barriers to human communication are 18. A personal communications hobby for
Ans: distance and language individuals is
Ans: ham radio
3. Electronic communications was discovered in
which century? 19. Radar is based upon
Ans: 19th Ans: reflected radio signals

4. Which of the following is not a major 20. A frequency of 27MHz has a wavelength of
communications medium? approximately
Ans: Water Ans: 11m

5. Random interference to transmitted signals is 21. Radio signals are made up of

called Ans: Electric and magnetic fields
Ans: noise
22. The voice frequency range is
6. The communications medium causes the signal Ans: 300 to 3000 Hz
to be
Ans: attenuated 23. Another name for signals in the HF range is
Ans: shortwaves
7. Which of the following is not a source of noise?
Ans: Another communications signal 24. Television broadcasting occurs in which
ranges?
8. One-way communications is called Ans: VHF
Ans: simplex
25. Electromagnetic waves produced primarily
9. Simultaneous two-way communications is by heat are called
called Ans: infrared rays
Ans: Full duplex
26. A micron is
10. The original electrical information signal to Ans: One-millionth of a meter
be transmitted is called the
Ans: Baseband signal 27. The frequency range of infrared rays is
approximately
11. The process of modifying a high frequency Ans: 0.7 to 100μm
carrier with the information to be transmitted is
called 28. The approximately wavelength of red light is
Ans: modulation Ans: 7000 Ǻ

12. The process of transmitting two or more 29. Which of the following is not used for
information signals simultaneously over the communications
same channel is called Ans: X-rays
Ans: Multiplexing
30. A signal occupies the spectrum space from
13. Continuous voice or video signals are 1.115 to 1.122 GHz. The bandwidth is
referred to as being Ans: 7 MHz
Ans: Baseband
31. In the united states, the electromagnetic
14. Recovering information from a carrier is spectrum is regulated and managed by
known as Ans: FCC
Ans: Detection
32. For a given bandwidth signal, more channel
15. Transmission of graphical information over space is available for signals in the range of
the telephone network is accomplished by Ans: EHF
Ans: facsimile
Chapter 2: AM and SSB Modulation
16. Measuring physical conditions at some
remote location and transmitting this data for 1. Having an information signal change some
analysis is the process of characteristic of a carrier signal is called

©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 1

Ans: modulation
2. Which of the following is not true about AM?
Ans: The carrier frequency changes
3. The opposite of modulation is
Ans: Demodulation
4. The circuit used to produced modulation is
called a
Ans: demodulator
5. A modulator circuit performs what
mathematical operation on its two inputs?
Ans: Multiplication
6. The ratio of the peak modulating signal voltage
to the peak carrier voltage is referred to as
Ans: the modulation index
7. If m is greater than 1, what happens?
Ans: information signal is distorted
8. For ideal AM, which of the following is true?
Ans: m = 1
9. The outline of the peaks of a carrier has the
shape of the modulating signal and is called
the
Ans: envelop
10. Overmodulation occurs when
Ans: Vm > Vc
11. The values of Vmax and Vmin as read from an
AM wave on an oscilloscope are 2.8 and 0.3.
The percentage of modulation is
Ans: 80.6 %
12. The new signals produced by modulation are
called
Ans: sidebands
13. A carrier of 880 kHz is modulated by a 3.5 kHz
sine wave. The LSB and USB are,
respectively,
Ans: 876.5 and 883.5 kHz
14. A display of signal amplitude versus frequency
is called the
Ans: frequency domain
15. Most of the power in an AM signal is the
Ans: Carrier
16. An AM signal has a carrier power of 5 W. The
percentage of modulation is 80 percent. The
total sideband power is
Ans: 1.6 W
17. For 100 percent modulation, what percentage
of power is in each sideband?
Ans: 25 percent
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC
18. An AM transmitter has a percentage of
modulation of 88. The carrier power is 440 W.
The power in one sideband is
Ans: 85 W
19. An AM transmiiter antenna current is
measured with no modulation and found to be
2.6 A. With modulation, the current rises to 2.9
A. The percentage of modulation is
Ans: 70 percent
20. What is the carrier power in the problem above
if the antenna resistance is 75 ohms?
Ans: 507 W
21. In an AM signal, the transmitted information is
contained within the
Ans: sidebands
22. An AM signal without the carrier is called a(n)
Ans: DSB
23. What is the minimum AM signal needed to
transmit information?
Ans: One sideband
24. The main advantage of SSB over standard AM
or DSB is
Ans: Less spectrum space is used
25. In SSB, which sideband is the best to use?
Ans: neither upper or lower
26. The typical audio modulating frequency range
used in radio and telephone communications
is
Ans: 300 Hz to 3 kHz
27. An AM signal with a maximum modulating
signal frequency of 4.5 kHz has a total
bandwidth of
Ans: 9 kHz
28. Distortion of the modulating signal produces
harmonics which cause an increase in the
signal
Ans: bandwidth
29. The process of translating a signal, with or
without modulation, to a higher or lower
frequency for processing is called
Ans: frequency conversion
30. Frequency translation is carried out by a circuit
called a
Ans: converter
31. An input signal of 1.8 MHz is mixed with a
local oscillation of 5 MHz. A filter selects the
difference signal. The output is
Ans: 3.2 MHz
32. The output of an SSB transmitter with a 3.85
MHz carrier and a 1.5 kHz sine wave
modulating tone is
COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 2
Ans: 3.85, 3.8485, and 3.8515 MHz
33. An SSB transmitter produces a 400 V peak-to-
peak signal across a 52 ohms antenna load.
The PEP output is
Ans: 384.5 W
9. A collector modulated transmitter has a supply
voltage of 24 V and a collector current of 0.5
A. The modulator power for 100 percent
modulation is
Ans: 12 W

Solution: Solution:
400V P = VI = 24 x 0.5 = 12 W

PEP  2 2  384.5W 10. The circuit that recovers the original

52 Ω
modulating information from an AM signal is
known as a
34. The output power of an SSB transmitter is
Ans: demodulator
usually expressed in terms of
Ans: Peak envelope power
11. The most commonly used amplitude
demodulator is the
35. An SSB transmitter has a PEP rating of 1 kW.
Ans: Envelope detector
The average output power is in the range of
Ans: 250 to 333 W
12. A circuit that generates the upper and lower
sidebands but no carrier is called a(a)
Solution:
Ans: Balanced modulator
PEP
Vavg 1   333W ,
3 13. The inputs to a balanced modulator are 1 MHz
PEP and a carrier of 1.5 MHz. The outputs are
Vavg 2   250W
4 Ans: 500 kHz and 2.5 MHz

Chapter 3: AM Circuits 14. A widely used balanced modulator is called the

Ans: lattice modulator
1. Amplitude modulation is the same as
Ans: Analog multiplication 15. In a diode ring modulator, the diodes act like
Ans: switches
2. In a diode modulator, the negative half of the
AM wave is supplied by a(n) 16. The output of a balanced modulator is
Ans: Tuned circuit Ans: DSB

3. Amplitude modulation can be produced by 17. The principal circuit in the popular 1496/1596
Ans: Having the carrier vary a resistance IC balanced modulator is a
Ans: Differential amplifier
4. Amplitude modulators that vary the carrier
amplitude with the modulating signal by 18. The most commonly used filter in SSB
passing it through an attenuator work on the generator uses
principle of Ans: RC networks and op-amps
Ans: Variable resistance
19. The equivalent circuit of a quartz crystal is a
5. In Fig. 3-4, D1 is a Ans: Series resonant circuit and parallel
Ans: Variable resistor resonant circuit

6. The component used to produce AM at very 20. A crystal lattice filter has crystal frequencies of
high frequencies is a 27.5 and 27.502 MHz. The bandwidth is
Ans: Varactor approximately
Ans: 2 kHz
7. Amplitude modulation generated at a very low
voltage or power amplitude is known as Solution:
Ans: Low-level modulation BW = f2 – f1 = 27.502MHz–27.5MHz = 2 kHz

8. A collector modulator has a supply voltage of
48 V. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the
modulating signal for 100 percent modulation
is
Ans: 96 V
Solution:
Vmp-p = 2Vc . m = 96 V
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC
21. An SSB generator has a sideband filter
centered at 3.0 MHz. The modulating signal is
3 kHz. To produce both upper and lower
sidebands, the following carrier frequencies
must be produced:
Ans: 2997 and 3003 kHz
Solution:
LSB = 3.0 MHz – 3 kHz = 2997 kHz
COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 3
 USB = 3.0 MHz + 3 kHz = 3003 kHz 5. In PM, a frequency shift occurs while what
22. In the phasing method of SSB generation, one characteristic of the modulating signal is
sideband is canceled out due to changing?
Ans: phase shift Ans: Amplitude

23. A balanced modulator used to demodulate a 6. Maximum frequency deviation of a PM signal

SSB signal is called a(n) occurs at
Ans: converter Ans: Zero crossing points

24. Frequency translation is done with a circuit 7. In PM, carrier frequency deviation is not
called a proportional to:
Ans: mixer Ans: Carrier amplitude and frequency

25. The inputs to a mixer are f o and fm. In down
conversion, which of the following mixer output
signals is selected
Ans: fo - fm
26. Mixing for frequency conversion is the same
as
Ans: Liner summing
27. Which of the following can be used as a mixer
Ans: Balanced modulator, FET and Diode
modulator
28. The desired output from a mixer is usually
selected with a
Ans: Crystal filter
29. The two main inputs to a mixer are the signal
to be translated and a signal from a(n)
Ans: Local oscillator
8. To compensate for increases in carrier
frequency deviation with an increase in
modulating signal frequency, what circuit is
used between the modulating signal and the
phase modulator?
Ans: Low-pass filter
9. The FM produced by PM is called
Ans: Indirect FM
10. If the amplitude of the modulating signal
applied to a phase modulator is constant, the
output signal will be
Ans: The carrier frequency
11. A 100 MHz carrier is deviated 50 kHz by a 4
kHz signal. The modulation index is
Ans: 12.5
Solution:

30. An NE602 mixer IC has a difference output of

m  50 000  12.5
10.7 MHz. The input is 146.8 MHz. The local 4000
oscillator frequency is
Ans: 157.5 MHz 12. The maximum deviation of an FM carrier is 2
kHz by a maximum modulating signal of 400
Solution: Hz. The deviation ratio is
fo = 146.8 MHz + 10.7 MHz Ans: 5

Solution:
Chapter 4: FM
m  2 000 5
400
1. The amount of frequency deviation from the
carrier center frequency in an FM transmitter is 13. A 70 kHz carrier has a frequency deviation of 4
proportional to what characteristic of the kHz with a 1000 Hz signal. How many
modulating signal? significant sideband pairs are produced?
Ans: Amplitude Ans: 7
2. Both FM and PM are types of kind of Solution:
modulation?
Ans: Angle m  4 000 4
1000
By using Bessel’s Table, a modulation
3. If the amplitude of the modulating signal
index of 4, has 7 significant sidebands.
decreases, the carrier deviation
Ans: decreases
14. What is the bandwidth of the FM signal
described in question 13 above?
4. On an FM signal, maximum deviation occurs
Ans: 14 kHz
at what point on the modulating signal?
Ans: Both positive and negative peak
Solution:
amplitude
BW = 2Nfmax
BW = 2 (7) (1000) = 14 kHz
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 4
 27. Pre-emphasis circuits boost what modulating
15. What is the relative amplitude of the third pair frequencies before modulation?
of sidebands of an FM signal with m = 6 Ans: high frequencies
Ans: 0.11
28. A pre-emphasis circuit is a
16. A 200 kHz carrier is modulated by a 2.5 kHz Ans: high pass filter
signal. The fourth pair of sidebands are
spaced from the carrier by 29. Pre-emphasis is compensated for at the
Ans: 10 kHz receiver by
Ans: low-pass filter
Solution:
4th sideband = 4 (2.5 kHz) = 10 kHz 30. The cut-off frequency of pre-emphasis and de-
emphasis circuits is
17. An FM transmitter has a maximum deviation of Ans: 2.122 kHz
12 kHz and a maximum modulating frequency
of 12 kHz. The bandwidth by Carson’s rule is
Ans: 48 kHz Chapter 5: FM Circuits

Solution: 1. Another name for a VVC is

BW = 2 (δmax + fmax) Ans: varactor diode
BW = 2 (12 kHz + 12 kHz) = 48 kHz
2. The depletion region in a junction diode forms
18. The maximum allowed deviation of the FM what part of a capacitor
sound signal in TV is 25 kHz. If the actual Ans: dielectric
deviation is 18 kHz, the percent modulation is
Ans: 72% 3. Increasing the reverse bias on a varactor
diode will cause its capacitance
Solution: Ans: decrease

m  18 000  0.72 4. The capacitance of a varactor diode is in what

25000 general range
Ans: pF
19. Which of the following is not a major benefit of
FM over AM? 5. In Fig. 5-3, the varactor diode is biased by
Ans: Lower complexity and cost which components?
Ans: R1, R2
20. The primary disadvantage of FM is its
Ans: Excessive use of spectrum space 6. In Fig. 5-3, if the reverse bias on D 1 is
reduced, the resonant frequency of C1
21. Noise is primarily Ans: decreases
Ans: High frequency spikes
7. The frequency change of a crystal oscillator
22. The receiver circuit that rids FM of noise is the produced by a varactor diode is
Ans: Limiter Ans: small

23. The phenomenon of a strong FM signal 8. A phase modulator varies the phase shift of
dominating a weaker signa on a common the
frequency is referred to as the Ans: carrier
Ans: capture effect
9. The widest phase variation is obtained with
24. The AM signals generated at a low level may a(n)
only be amplified by what type of amplifier? Ans: LC resonant circuit
Ans: Linear
10. In Fig. 5-7, R4 is the
25. Frequency modulation transmitters are more Ans: deviation control
efficient because their power is increased by
what type of amplifier 11. The small frequency change produced by a
Ans: class C phase modulator can be increased by using
a(n)
26. Noise interferes mainly with modulating Ans: frequency multiplier
signals that are
Ans: high frequencies 12. A crystal oscillator whose frequency can be
changed by an input voltage is called a(n)
Ans: VXO

©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 5


13. Which oscillators are preferred for carrier
generators because of their good frequency
stability?
Ans: crystal
14. Which of the following frequency demodulators
requires an input limiter?
Ans: Foster-Seeley discriminator
15. Which discriminator averages pulses in a low-
pass filter?
Ans: Quadrature detector
16. Which frequency demodulator is considered
the best overall?
Ans: PLL
17. In Fig. 5-8, the voltage at point A when the
input frequency is below the FM center
frequency is
Ans: positive
18. In Fig. 5-8, R3 and C6 form which kind of
circuit?
Ans: De-emphasis
19. In Fig. 5-10, the voltage across C6 is
Ans: directly proportional to frequency
deviation
20. In a pulse averaging discriminator, the pulses
are produced by a(n)
Ans: zero crossing detector
21. A reactance modulator looks like a
capacitance of 35 pF in parallel with the
oscillator-tuned circuit whose inductance is 50
μH and capacitance is 40 pF. What is the
center frequency of the oscillator prior to FM?
Ans: 206 MHz
Solution:
25. The input to a PLL is 2 MHz. In order for the
PLL to be locked, the VCO output must be
Ans: 2 MHz
26. Decreasing the input frequency to a locked
PLL will cause the VCO output to
Ans: jump to the free-running frequency
27. The range of frequencies over which a PLL will
track input signal variations is known as the
Ans: lock range
28. The band of frequencies over which a PLL will
acquire or recognize an input signal is called
the
Ans: capture range
29. Over a narrow range of frequencies, the PLL
acts like a
Ans: Bandpass filter
30. The output of a PLL frequency demodulator is
taken from
Ans: low-pass filter
Chapter 6: Radio Transmitters
1. Which of the following circuits is not typically
part of every radio transmitter?
Ans: mixer
2. Class C amplifiers are not used in which type
of transmitter?
Ans: SSB
3. A circuit that isolates the carrier oscillator from
load changes is called a
Ans: buffer amplifier
4. A class B amplifier conducts for how many
degrees of an input sine wave?
Ans: 180o

f 1 5. Bias for a class C amplifier produced by an

2 LC input RC network is known as
CT = 35 pF + 40 pF =75 pF Ans: signal bias
1
f   2.6MHz 6. An FM transmitter has a 9 MHz crystal carrier
2Π (50 H)(75pF)
oscillator and frequency multipliers of 2, 3, 4.
The output frequency is
22. Which of the following is true about the NE566
Ans: 216 MHz
IC?
Ans: it is a VCO
Solution
f = 9 MHz x 2 x 3 x 4 = 216 MHz
23. An FM demodulator that uses a differential
amplifier and tuned circuits to convert
7. The most efficient RF power amplifier is which
frequency variations into voltage variations is
class amplifier?
the
Ans: C
Ans: Differential peak detector
8. Collector current in a class C amplifier is a
24. The output amplitude of the phase detector in
Ans: Pulse
a quadrature detector is proportional to
Ans: pulse width

©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 6

9. The maximum power of typical transistor RF
power amplifiers is in what range? 21. In a speech-processing circuit, a low-pass filter
Ans: Hundreds of watts prevents
Ans: excessive signal bandwidth
10. Self-oscillation in a transistor amplifier is
usually caused by 22. The gain of a transistor amplifier is
Ans: internal capacitance Ans: directly proportional to collector current

11. Neutralization is the process of 23. What values of L and C in an L network are
Ans: cancelling the effect of internal device required to match a 10 Ω transistor amplifier
capacitance impedance to a 50 Ω load at 27 MHz?
Ans: L = 118 nH, C = 236 pF
12. Maximum power transfer occurs when what
relationship exists between the generator Solution:
impedance ZI and the load impedance Zl? XL  2
R1R2  R1
Ans: Zi = Zl XL= 2πfL
13. Which of the following is not a benefit of a
2
toroid RF inductor? XL  (10)(50)  10  20Ω
Ans: Self-supporting

14. A toroid is a L XL  117.89nH  118nH

Ans: Magnetic core 2 (27M)
15. Which of the following is not commonly used
 R1R2  10(50)  25
for impedance matching in a transmitter? XC 20
Ans: Resistive attenuator XL
16. To a match a 6 Ω amplifier impedance to a 72 1 1
C   235.78pF
Ω antenna load, a transformer must have a 2f XC 2 (27M)(25)
turns ration NP/NS of
Ans: 0.289

Solution: Chapter 7: Communications Receivers

1. The simplest receiver is a(n)

NP  ZP Ans: tuned circuit
Ns ZS 2. The key conceptual circuit in a superhet
receiver is the
NP  6  0.289 Ans: mixer

Ns 72 3. Most of the gain and selectivity in a superhet is

obtained in the
17. Impedance matching in a broadband linear RF Ans: IF amplifier
amplifier is handled with a(n)
Ans: balun 4. The sensitivity of a receiver depends upon the
receiver’s overall
18. A class C amplifier has a supply voltage of 24 Ans: Gain
V and a collector current of 2.5 A. Its efficiency
is 80 %. The RF output power is 5. The ability of a receiver to separate one signal
Ans: 48 from others on closely adjacent frequencies is
called the
Solution: Ans: selectivity
@ 100 %:
P100 = VI = 60 W 6. A mixer has a signal input of 50 MHz and an
@ 80 %: LO frequency of 59 MHz. The IF is
P80 = 0.8 P100 Ans: 9 MHz
P80 = 0.8 (60) = 48 W
19. Which of the following is not a benefit of Solution:
speech-processing circuits? IF = fo – fs = 59 MHz – 50 MHz = 9 MHz
Ans: improved frequency stability
7. A signal 2 times the IF away from the desired
20. In an AM transmitter, a clipper circuit signal that causes interference is referred to
eliminates as a(n)
Ans: splatter Ans: Image
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 7
 21. Transistor with the lowest noise figure in the
8. A receiver has a desired input signal of 18 microwave region is a(n)
MHz and an LO frequency of 19.6 MHz. The Ans: MESFET
image frequency is
Ans: 21.2 MHz 22. The AGC circuits usually control the gain of
the
Solution: Ans: IF amplifier
IF = 19.6 MHz – 18 MHz = 1.6 MHz
fsi = fs + 2IF 23. Selectivity is obtained in most receivers from
fsi = 18 MHz + 2 (1.6 MHz) Ans: double-tuned circuits
fsi = 21.2 MHz
24. Widest bandwidth in a double-tuned circuit is
9. The main cause of image interference is obtained with
Ans: Poor front-end selectivity Ans: overcoupling

10. For best image rejection, the IF for a 30 MHz 25. Automatic gain control permits a wide range of
signal would be signal amplitudes to be accommodated by
Ans: 55 MHz controlling the gain of the
Ans: IF amplifier
11. A tuned circuit is resonant at 4 MHz. Its Q is
100. The bandwidth is 26. In an IF amplifier with reverse AGC, a strong
Ans: 40 kHz signal will cause the collector current to
Ans: decrease
Solution:
BW = fr / Q = 4 MHz / 100 = 40 kHz 27. Usually AGC voltage is derived by the
Ans: demodulator
12. A crystal filter has a 6 dB bandwidth of 2.6 kHz
and a 60 dB bandwidth of 14 kHz. The shape 28. An AFC circuit is used to correct for
factor is Ans: frequency drift in the LO
Ans: 5.38
29. A circuit keeps the audio cut off until a signal is
Solution: received is known as
Shape factor = 60 dB BW / 6 dB BW Ans: a squelch
Shape factor = 14 kHz / 2.6 kHz = 5.38
30. A BFO is used in the demodulation of which
13. Most internal noise comes from types of signals?
Ans: thermal agitation Ans: SSB or CW

14. Which of the following is not a source of 31. Which of the following circuits are not typically
external noise shared in an SSB transceiver?
Ans: thermal agitation Ans: mixers

15. Noise can be reduced by 32. The basic frequency synthesizer circuit is a(n)
Ans: narrowing the BW Ans: PLL

33. The output frequency increment of a frequency

16. Noise at the input to a receiver can be as high synthesizer is determined by the
as several Ans: reference input to the phase detector
Ans: microvolts
34. The output of the frequency synthesizer is
17. Which circuit contributes most to the noise in a changed by varying the
receiver? Ans: frequency division ratio
Ans: mixer
35. In Fig 7-28, if the input reference is 25 kHz
18. Which noise figure represents the lowest noise and the divide ratio is 144, the VCO output
Ans: 1.6 dB (smallest value) frequency
Ans: 3.6 MHz
19. Which filter shape factor represents the best
skirt selectivity? 36. The bandwidth of a parallel LC circuit can be
Ans: 1.6 (smallest value) increased by
Ans: decreasing XL
20. Which input signal below represents the best 37. The upper and lower cutoff frequencies of a
receiver sensitivity? tuned circuit are 1.7 and 1.5 MHz respectively.
Ans: 0.5 μV The circuit Q is
Ans: 8
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 8

Solution:
BW = 1.7 MHz – 1.5 MHz = 200 kHz
fr = 1.5 MHz + (200 kHz / 2) = 100 kHz
Q = fr / BW = 8
38. The noise voltage across a 300 Ω input
resistance to a TV set with a 6 MHz bandwidth
and a temperature of 30oC is
Ans: 5.5 μV
Solution:
V 4kTBWR
V  4k(273  30)(6 MHz)(300)
Where k = 1.3806503 x 10-23-
V = 5.5 μV
39. The stage gains in a superheterodyne are
follows RF amplifier, 10dB; mixer, 6dB; two IF
amplifiers, each 33 dB; detector, -4 dB; AF
amplifier, 28 dB. The total gain is
Ans: 106
Solution:
GT = G1 + G2 + .. + Gn
GT = 10 + 6 + 33 + 33 + -4 + 28 = 106 dB
40. A tuned circuit resonates at 12 MHz with an
inductance of 5 μH whose resistance is 6 Ω.
The circuit bandwidth is
Ans: 191 kHz
Solution:
XL = 2πfL = 2π(12 MHz)( 5 μH) = 376.99
Q = XL / R = 376.99 / 6 = 62.83
BW = fr / Q = 12 MHz / 62.83 = 190.99 kHz
41. In a receiver with noise-derived squelch, the
presence of an audio signal causes the audio
amplifier to be
Ans: enabled
6. The circuit the performs demultiplexing in an
FDM system is a(n)
Ans: Bandpass filter
7. Most FDM telemetry systems use
Ans: FM
8. The best frequency demodulator is the
Ans: PLL discriminator
9. The modulation used in FDM telephone
systems is
Ans: SSB
10. The FDM telephone systems accommodate
many channels by
Ans: using multiple levels of multiplexing
11. In FM stereo broadcasting, the L + R signal
Ans: modulates the FM carrier
12. In FM stereo broadcasting, the L – R signal
Ans: DSB modulates a subcarrier
13. The SCA signal if used in FM broadcasting is
transmitted via
Ans: A 67 kHz subcarrier
14. In TDM, multiple signals
Ans: take turns transmitting
15. In TDM, each signal may use he full bandwidth
of the channel
Ans: True
16. Sampling an analog signal produces
Ans: PAM
17. The maximum bandwidth that an analog signal
use with a sampling frequency of 108 kHz is
Ans: 54 kHz

Solution:
fn = fb / 2 = 108 kHz / 2 = 54 kHz
Chapter 8: Multiplexing
18. Pulse-amplitude modulation signals are
1. Multiplexing is the process of
multiplexed by using
Ans: sending multiple signals simultaneously
Ans: FET switches
over a single channel
19. In PAM demultiplexing, the receiver clock is
2. In FDM, multiple signals
derived from
Ans: share a common bandwidth
Ans: The PAM signal itself
3. Each signal in a an FDM system
20. In PAM/TDM system, keeping the multiplexer
Ans: modulates a subcarrier
and DEMUX channels step with one another is
done by a
4. Frequency modulation in FDM systems is
Ans: Sync pulse
usually accomplished with a
Ans: VCO
21. Transmitting data as serial binary words is
called
5. Which of the following is not a typical FDM
Ans: PCM
application
Ans: secure communications
22. Converting analog signals to digital is done by
sampling and
Ans: Quantizing
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 9
 8. A 50 Ω coax is connected to a 73 Ω antenna.
23. A quantizer is a(n) The SWR is
Ans: A/D converter Ans: 1.46

24. Emphasizing low-level signals and Solution:

compressing higher-level signals is called If RL > ZO :
Ans: Companding SWR = RL / ZO = 73 / 50 = 1.46

25. Which of the following is not a benefit of 9. The most desirable reflection coefficient is
companding? Ans: 0
Ans: Minimizes signal bandwidth
10. A ratio expressing the percentage of incident
26. A telephone system using TDM and PCM is voltage reflected on a transmission line is
called know as the
Ans: T-1 Ans: Reflection coefficient

27. An IC that contains A/D and D/A converters, 11. The minimum voltage along a transmission
companders and parallel-to-serial converters line is 260 V, while the maximum voltage is
is called 390 V. The SWR is
Ans: Codec Ans: 1.5

28. Pulse-code modulation is preferred to PAM Solution:

because of its Vmax - Vmin 390 - 260
| Γ |   0.2
Ans: Superior noise immunity Vmax  Vmin 390  260

1  | Γ | 1  0.2
Chapter 9: Antennas and Transmission lines SWR    1.5
1  | Γ | 1  0.2

1. The most commonly used transmission line is 12. Three feet is one wavelength at a frequency of
a Ans: 328 MHz
Ans: Coax
13. At very high frequencies, transmission lines
2. The characteristic impedance of a are used as
transmission line does not depend upon its Ans: Tuned Circuits
Ans: none of the above
14. A shorted quarter-wave line at the operating
Choices were: frequency acts like a(n)
Ans: Parallel Resonant
Length, Conductor Diameter and Conductor
spacing 15. A shorted half-wave line at the operating
frequency acts like a(n)
3. Which of the following is not a common Ans: Series Resonant Circuit
transmission line impedance?
Ans: 120 Ω 16. A popular half-wavelength antenna is the
Ans: Dipole
4. For maximum absorption of power at the
antenna, the relationship between the 17. The length of a doublet at 27 MHz is
characteristic impedance of the line ZO and the Ans: 17.33 ft
load impedance Zl should be
Ans: ZO = Zl Solution:
5. The mismatch between antenna and
transmission line impedances cannot be 468 468
L   17.33ft.
corrected for by 27
Ans: Adjusting the length of transmission line f MHz

6. A pattern of voltage and current variations 18. A popular vertical antenna is the
along a transmission line not terminated in its Ans: Ground plane
characteristic impedance is called
Ans: Standing waves 19. The magnetic field of an antenna is
perpendicular to the earth. The antenna’s
7. The desirable SWR on a transmission line is polarization
Ans: 1 Ans: is horizontal

20. An antenna that transmits or receives equally

well in all directions is said to be
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 10
Ans: Omnidirectional Ans: Log-periodic

21. The horizontal radiation pattern of a dipole is a 34. Ground-wave communications is most
Ans: figure of 8 effective in what frequency range?
Ans: 300 kHz to 3 MHz
22. the length of a ground plane vertical at 146
MHz is 35. The ionosphere causes radio signals to be
Ans: 1.6 ft Ans: refracted

Solution: 36. The ionosphere has its greatest effect on

L 468 468 signals in what frequency range?
   1.6ft. Ans: 3 to 30 MHz
2 2 f MHz 2(146)
37. The type of radio wave responsible for long-
23. The impedance of a dipole is about distance communications by multiple skips is
Ans: 73 Ω the
Ans: Skywave
24. A direction antenna with two or more elements
is known as a(n) 38. Microwave signals propagate by way of the
Ans: Array Ans: Direct wave

25. The horizontal radiation pattern o a vertical 39. The line-of-sight communications is not a
dipole is factor in which frequency range?
Ans: circle Ans: HF

26. In a Yagi antenna, maximum direction of 40. A microwave-transmitting antenna is 550 ft

radiation is toward the high. The receiving antenna is 200 ft high. The
Ans: Director maximum transmission distance is
Ans: 53.2 mi.
27. Conductors in multielement antennas that do
not receive energy directly from the Solution:
transmission line are known as d  2 ht  2 hr
Ans: Parasitic elements
d 2(550 )  2(400)  53.16mi
28. A coax has an attenuation of 2.4 db per 100 ft.
The attenuation for 275 ft is 41. To increase the transmission distance of a
Ans: 6.6 db UHF signal, which of the following should be
done?
Solution: Ans: Increase antenna height
2.4db
A dB  100 ft  275  6.6dB 42. A coax has a velocity factor of 0.68. What is
the length of a half wave at 30 MHz?
29. An antenna has a power gain of 15. The power Ans: 11.2 ft
applied to the antenna is 32 W. The effective
radiated power is Solution:
Ans: 480 W
λ Vp c Vf (300)(0.68 )f
    3.4m
Solution: 2 2fMHz 2fMHz 2(30)
P = GTPT = (15)(32) = 480 W λ 3.28ft
 3.4m   11.152ft
30. Which beamwidth represents the best antenna 2 1m
directivity
Ans: 7O 43. Which transmission line has the lowest
attenuation?
31. The radiation pattern of collinear and Ans: Twin lead
broadside antennas
Ans: Bidirectional 44. Refer to Fig. 9-39. The beam width of this
antenna patter is approximately
32. Which antenna has a unidirectional radiation Ans: 60o
pattern and gain
Ans: Yagi 45. A receiver-transmitter station used to increase
the communications range of VHF, UHF, and
33. A wide-bandwidth multielement driven array is microwave signals is called a(n)
the Ans: Repeater

©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 11

 15. A half-wavelength, closed section of a
waveguide that acts as a parallel resonant
Chapter 10: Microwave Techniques circuit is known as a(n)
Ans: Cavity resonator
1. The main benefit of using microwaves is
Ans: More spectrum space 16. Decreasing the volume of a cavity causes its
resonant frequency to
2. Radio communications are regulated in the Ans: Increase
United States by the
Ans: Federal Communications Commission 17. A popular microwave mixer diode is the
Ans: Gunn
3. Which of the following is not a disadvantage of
microwaves? 18. Varactor and step-recovery diodes are widely
Ans: higher-cost equipment used in what type of circuit
Ans: Frequency multiplier
4. Which of the following is a microwave
frequency 19. Which diode is a popular microwave oscillator
Ans: 22 GHz Ans: Gunn

5. Which of the following is not a common 20. Which type of diode does not ordinarily
microwave application? operate with reverse bias
Ans: mobile radio Ans: Tunnel

6. Coaxial cable is not widely used for long 21. Low-power Gunn diodes are replacing
microwave transmission lines because of its Ans: Reflex klystrons
Ans: high loss
22. Which of the following is not a microwave
7. Stripline and microstrip transmission lines are tube?
usually made with Ans: Cathode-ray tube
Ans: PCBs
23. In a klystron amplifier, velocity modulation of
8. The most common cross section of a wave the electron beam is produced by the
guide is a Ans: Buncher cavity
Ans: rectangular
24. A reflex klystron is used as a(n)
9. A rectangular waveguide has a width of 1 in. Ans: Oscillator
and a height of 0.6 in. Its cutoff frequency is
Ans: 5.9 GHz 25. For proper operation, a magnetron must be
accompanied by a
Solution: Ans: Permanent magnet
1 in = 0.0254 m
c 3  10 8 m/s 26. The operating frequency of klystrons and
f   5.9GH z magnetrons is set by the
2Width 2(0.0254)
Ans: Cavity resonator
10. A waveguide has a cutoff frequency of 17 27. A magnetron is used only as a(n)
GHz. Which of the signals will not be passed Ans: oscillator
by the waveguide?
Ans: 15 GHz 28. A common application for magnetrons is in
Ans: Radar
11. Signal propagation in a waveguide is by
Ans: Electric and magnetic fields 29. In a TWT, the electron beam is density-
modulated by a
12. When the electric field in a waveguide is Ans: Helix
perpendicular to the direction of wave
propagation, the mode is said to be 30. The main advantage of a TWT over a klystron
Ans: Transverse electric for microwave amplification is
Ans: Wider bandwidth
13. The dominant mode in most waveguides is
Ans: TE0,1 31. High-power TWTs are replacing what in
microwave amplifiers?
14. A magnetic field is introduced into a Ans: klystrons
waveguide by a
Ans: Probe 32. The most widely used microwave antenna is a
Ans: horn antenna
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 12
 2. The main functions of a communications
33. What happens when a horn antenna is made satellite is a a(a)
longer? Ans: Repeater
Ans: Gain increases
3. The key electronic component in a
34. A pyramidal horn used at 5 GHz has an communications satellite is the
aperture that is 7 by 9 cm. The gain is about Ans: Transponder
Ans: 10.5 db
4. A circular orbit around the equator with a 24 h
Solution: period is called a(n)
 (7)(9)  Ans: Geostationary orbit
4 (0.5 ) 
4A  10000   10.9956
G 2  2
5. A satellite stays in orbit because the following
λ  3  10 8  2 factor are balanced
 
9  Ans: Gravitational pull and inertia
 5  10 
GdB = 10 log 10.9956 = 10.41 dB
6. The height of a satellite in a synchronous
equatorial orbit is
35. Given the frequency and dimensions in
Ans: 22300 mi
Question 34 above the beamwidth is about
Ans: 53o
7. Most satellites operate in which frequency
band?
Solution:
Ans: 3 GHz to 30 GHz
80 80
G   53.33 o
w/λ w 8. The main power sources for a satellite are
 3  10 8
 Ans: Solar cells
 
 5  10
9
 9. The maximum height of an elliptical orbit is
called
36. The diameter of a parabolic reflector should be Ans: Apogee
at least how many wavelengths at the
operating frequency? 10. Batteries are used to power all satellite
Ans: 10 subsystems
Ans: During eclipse periods
37. The point where the antenna is mounted with
respect to the parabolic reflector is called 11. The satellite subsystem that monitors and
Ans: Focal point controls the satellite is the
Ans: Telemetry, tracking and command
38. Using a small reflector to beam waves to the subsystem
larger parabolic reflector is known as
Ans: Cassegrain feed 12. The basic technique used to stabilize a
satellite is
39. Increasing the diameter of a parabolic reflector Ans: Spin
causes which of the following
Ans: Decreasing beamwidth and increasing 13. The jet thrusters are usually fired to
gain Ans: Maintain altitude
40. A helical antenna is made up of a coil and a 14. Most commercial satellite activity occurs in
Ans: Reflector which bands?
Ans: C and Ku
41. The output of a helical antenna is
Ans: Circularly polarized 15. How can multiple earth stations share a
satellite on the same frequency
42. A common omnidirectional microwave antenna Ans: Frequency reuse
is the
Ans: Bicone 16. The typical bandwidth of a satellite band is
Ans: 500 MHz

Chapter 11: Introduction to Sat-Com 17. Which of the following is not usually a part of a
transponder
1. As the height of a satellite orbit gets lower, the Ans: Modulator
speed of the satellite
Ans: Increases 18. The satellite communications channels in a
transponder are defined by the
Ans: Bandpass filter
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 13
 8. The most widely used data communications
19. The HPAs in most satellites are code is
Ans: Klystrons Ans: ASCII

20. The physical location of a satellite is 9. The ASCII code has

determined by its Ans: 7 bits
Ans: Latitude and longtitude
10. Digital signals may be transmitted over the
21. The receive GCE system in an earth station telephone network if
performs what function(s) Ans: they are converted to analog first.
Ans: Demodulation and demultiplexing
11. Start and stop bits, respectively, are
22. Which of the following types of HPA is not Ans: Space and mark
used in earth stations
Ans: Magnetron 12. Which of the following is correct?
Ans: The bit rate may be greater than the baud
23. A common up-converter and down-converter rate
IF is
Ans: 70 MHz 13. A modem converts
Ans: both analog signals to digital and digital
24. The type of modulation used on voice and signals to analog signals
video signals is
Ans: FM 14. Slow-speed modems use
Ans: FSK
25. The modulation normally used with digital data
is 15. A carrier recovery circuit is not needed with
Ans: QPSK Ans: DPSK

26. Which of the following is not a typical output 16. The basic modulator and demodulator circuits
from a GPS receiver? in PSK are
Ans: Speed Ans: Balanced modulators

17. The carrier used with a BPSK demodulator is

---------------------------------------------------------- Ans: The BPSK signal itself
Chapter 12: Data Communications
18. A 9600 baud rate signal can pass over the
1. Data communications refer to the transmission voice-grade telephone line if which kind of
of modulation is used?
Ans: Voice, Video, and Computer data Ans: QAM

2. Data communications uses 19. Quadrature amplitude modulation is

Ans: Digital methods Ans: AM plus QPSK

3. Which of the following is not primarily a type of 20. A QAM modulator does not use a(n)
data communications Ans: XNOR
Ans: Teletype
21. A rule or procedure that defines how data is to
4. The main reason that serial transmission is be transmitted is called a(n)
preferred to parallel transmission is that Ans: Protocol
Ans: Serial requires multiple channels
22. A popular PC protocol is
5. Mark and space refer respectively to Ans: Xmodem
Ans: Binary 1 and binary 0
23. A synchronous transmission usually begins
6. The number of amplitude, frequency, or phase with which character?
changes that take place per second is known Ans: SYN
ad the
Ans: Baud rate 24. The characters making up the message in a
synchronous transmission are collectively
7. Data transmission of one character at a time referred to as a data
with start and stop bits is known as what type Ans: Block
of transmission?
Ans: Asynchronous 25. Bit errors in data transmission are usually
cause by
Ans: Noise
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 14
 Ans: Baseband
26. Which of the following is not a commonly used
method of error detection? 42. The techniques of using modulation and FDM
Ans: Redundancy to transmit multiple data channels of a
common medium is known as
27. Which of the following words has the correct Ans: Broadband
parity bit? Assume odd parity. The last bit is
the parity bit 43. What is the minimum bandwidth required to
Ans: 1100110 1 transmit a 56 kbits/s binary signal with no
noise?
28. Another name for parity is Ans: 28 kHz
Ans: Vertical redundancy check
Solution:
29. Ten bit errors occur in two million transmitted. BW = fb/2 = 56 kbits/2 = 28 kHz
The bit error rate is
Ans: 5 x 10-6 44. Sixteen different levels (symbols) are used to
Solution: encode binary data. The channel bandwidth is
10 36 MHz. The maximum channel capacity is
e  5  10 6 Ans: 288 Mbits/s
2  10 6

30. The building block of a parity or BCC Solution

generator is a(n) C  2BWlog 2M
Ans: XOR C  2(36MHz) (log2 (16))  288 Mbits/s

31. A longitudinal redundancy check produces 45. What is the bandwidth required to transmit at a
a(n) rate of 10Mbits/s in the presence of a 28-db
Ans: Block check character S/N ratio?
Ans: 1.075 MHz
32. Dividing the data block by a constant produces
a remainder that is used for error detection. It Solution:
is called the C = BW log2(1+S/N)
Ans: CRC S/NdB = 10 log (S/N)
S 
 
 N dB
33. A CRC generator uses which components?  10


Ans: Shift register S  
 10  
 630.96
N
34. Which of the following is not a LAN? 10Mbits/s
BW   1.075MHz
Ans: Cable TV system log2 1  630.96 

35. The fastest LAN topology is the 46. Which circuit is common to bot frequency-
Ans: Bus hopping and direct-sequence SS transmitters?
Ans: Frequency of operation
36. Which is not a common LAN medium?
Ans: Twin Lead 47. Spread spectrum stations sharing a band are
identified by and distinguished from one
37. A mainframe computer connected to multiple another by
terminals and PCs usually uses which Ans: PSN code
configuration?
Ans: Star 48. The type of modulation most often used with
direct-sequence SS is
38. A small telephone switching system that can Ans: PSK
be used as a LAN is called a
Ans: PBX 49. The main circuit in a PSN generator is a(n)
Ans: XOR
39. Which medium is the least susceptible to
noise? 50. To a conventional narrowband receiver, an SS
Ans: Fiber-optic cable signal appears to be like
Ans: Noise
40. Which medium is the most widely used in
LANs? 51. Which of the following is not a benefit of SS?
Ans: Twisted pair Ans: Noise proof
41. Transmitting the data signal directly over the 52. Spread spectrum is a form of multiplexing
medium is referred to as Ans: true
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 15
 15. The speed of light is
53. The most critical and difficult part of receiving Ans: 300,000,000 m/s
a direct-sequence SS signal is
Ans: Synchronism 16. Refraction is the
Ans: Bending of light waves

Chapter 13: Fiber Optic Communications 17. The ratio of the speed of light in air to the
speed of light in another substance is called
1. Which of the following is not a common the
application of fiber-optic cable? Ans: Index of refraction
Ans: Consumer TV
18. A popular light wavelength in fiber-optic cable
2. Total internal reflection takes place if the light is
ray strikes the interface at an angle with what Ans: 1.3 μm
relationship to the critical angle?
Ans: greater than 19. Which type of fiber-optic cable is the most
widely used?
3. The operation of a fiber-optic cable is based Ans: Multimode step-index
on the principle of
Ans: Reflection 20. Which type of fiber-optic cable is best for very
high speed data?
4. Which of the following is not a common type of Ans: Single mode step-index
fiber-optic cable?
Ans: Single-mode grade-index 21. Which type of fiber-optic cable has the least
modal dispersion?
5. Cable attenuation is usually expressed in Ans: Single mode step-index
terms of
Ans: dB/km 22. Which of the following is not a factor in cable
light loss?
6. Which cable length has the highest Ans: Reflection
attenuation?
Ans: 2 km 23. A distance of 8 km is the same as
Ans: 5 mi
7. The upper pulse rate and information-carrying
capacity of a cable is limited by 24. A fiber-optic cable has a loss of 15 db/km. The
Ans: Attenuation attenuation in a cable 1000ft long is
Ans: 4.57 dB
8. The core of a fiber-optic cable is made of
Ans: Glass Solution:
1000ft = 0.3048 km
9. The core of a fiber-optic cable is surrounded σ  15  0.3048  4.57dB
by
Ans: Cladding 25. Fiber-optic with attenuations of 1.8, 3.4, 5.9
and 18 dB are linked together. The total loss is
10. The speed of light in plastic compared to the Ans: 29.1 dB
speed of light in air is
Ans: Less Solution:
LossT = 1.8 + 3.4 + 5.9 + 18 = 29.1 dB
11. Which of the following is not a major benefit of
fiber-optic cable? 26. Which light emitter is preferred for high-speed
Ans: Lower cost data in a fiber-optic system?
Ans: Laser
12. The main benefit of light-wave
communications over microwaves or any other 27. Most fiber-optic light sources emit light in
communications media are which spectrum?
Ans: Wider bandwidth Ans: Visible

13. Which of the following is not part of the optical 28. Both LEDs and ILDs operate correctly with
spectrum Ans: Forward bias
Ans: X-rays
29. Single-frequency light is called
14. The wavelength of visible light extends from Ans: Monochromatic
Ans: 400 to 750 nm
30. Laser light is very bright because it is
Ans: Coherent
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 16
 Ans: 56 kbits/s
31. Which of the following is not a common
detector? 12. The master control center for a cellular
Ans: Photovoltaic diode telephone system is the
Ans: Mobile telephone switching office
32. Which of the following is the fastest light
sensor? 13. Each cell site contains a
Ans: Avalanche photodiode Ans: Repeater

33. Photodiodes operate properly with 14. Multiple cells within an area may use the same
Ans: Reverse bias channel frequencies
Ans: True
34. The product of the bit rate and distance of a
fiber-optic system is 2Gbits-km/s. What is the 15. Cellular telephones use which type of
maximum rate at 5 km? operation?
Ans: 400 Mbits/s Ans: Full-duplex

Solution: 16. The maximum frequency deviation of an FM

20 Gbits - km/s cellular transmitter is
Ratemax =  400bits/s
5 km Ans: 12 kHz

35. Which fiber-optic system is better? 17. The maximum output power of a cellular
Ans: 3 repeaters transmitter is
Ans: 3 W

Chapter 14: Modern Comm Apps 18. Receive channel 22 is 870.66 MHz. Receive
channel 23 is
1. Printed documents to be transmitted by fax are Ans: 870.69 MHz
converted into a baseband electrical signal by
the process of Solution:
Ans: Scanning fCH 23 = fCH 22 + 30 kHz*
fCH 23 = 870.66 MHz + 30 kHz
2. The most commonly used light sensor in a fCH 23 = 870.69 MHz
*in cellular radio systems, receive channels are
modern fax machine is a
spaced 30 kHz apart
Ans: Charge coupled device
19. A transmit channel has a frequency of 837.6
3. In FM fax, the frequencies for black and white
MHz. The receive channel frequency is
are
Ans: 882.6 MHz
Ans: 1500 and 2300 Hz
Solution:
4. Which resolution produces the best quality
freceive = ftransmit + 45 MHz*
fax?
freceive = 837.6 MHz + 45 MHz
Ans: 400 lines per inch
freceive = 882.6 MHz
*in cellular radio systems, the transmit and receive
5. Group 2 fax uses which modulation? frequencies are spaced 30 kHz apart
Ans: Vestigial sideband AM
20. A receive channel frequency is 872.4 MHz. To
6. The most widely used fax standard is develop an 82.2 MHz IF, the frequency
Ans: Group 3 synthesizer must supply an LO signal of
Ans: 954.6 MHz
7. Group 3 fax uses which modulation?
Ans: QAM Solution:
fLO = fr + IF
8. Most fax printers are of which type? fLO = 872.4 MHz + 82.2 MHz
Ans: Thermal fLO = 954.6 MHz

9. Facsimile standards are set by the
Ans: CCITT
10. What type of graphics is commonly transmitted
by radio fax?
Ans: Satellite weather photos
11. The transmission speed of group 4 fax is
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC
21. The output power of a cellular radio is
controlled by the
Ans: MTSO
22. When the signal from a mobile cellular unit
drops below a certain level, what action
occurs?
Ans: The unit is “handed off” to a closer cell
COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 17
 35. A radar antenna using multiple dipoles or slot
23. In a cellular radio, the duplexer is a antennas in a matrix with variable phase
Ans: Pair of sharp bandpass filter shifters is called a(n)
Ans: Phased array
24. The time from the transmission of a radar
pulse to its reception is 0.12 ms. The distance 36. Police radars use which technique?
to the target is how many nautical miles? Ans: CW (Continuous-wave)
Ans: 9.7 nmi
37. Which of the following is a typical radar
Solution: operating frequency?
T 120μ2 Ans: 10 GHz
D=   9.7nmi
12.36 12.36
38. The TV signal uses which types of modulation
25. The ability of a radar to determine the bearing for picture and sound respectively?
to a target depends upon the Ans: AM, FM
Ans: Antenna directivity
39. If a TV sound transmitter has a carrier
26. The pulse duration of a radar signal is 600 ns. frequency of 197.75 MHz, the picture carrier is
The PRF is 185 pulses per second. The duty Ans: 193.25 MHz
cycle is
Ans: 1.1 % Solution:
SCARRIER = PCARRIER + 4.5 MHz
Solution: PCARRIER = SCARRIER - 4.5 MHz
1 1 PCARRIER = 197.75 MHz - 4.5 MHz
PRT =   5.405ms PCARRIER = 193.25 MHz
PRF 185
PWT
Duty Cycle = 40. The total bandwidth of an NTSC TV signal is
PRT Ans: 6 MHz
600ns 41. What is the total number of interlaced scan
Duty Cycle =  100  0.0111
5.405ms lines in one complete frame of a NTSC U.S.
TV signal?
27. The Doppler effect is used to produce Ans: 525
modulation of which type of radar signal?
Ans: CW (Continuous-wave) 42. What keeps the scanning process at the
receiver in step with the scanning in the
28. The Doppler Effect allows which picture tube at receiver?
characteristics of a target to be measured? Ans: Sync pulses
Ans: Speed
43. What is the black-and-white or monochrome
29. The Doppler Effect is a change in what signal brightness signal in TV called
characteristic produced by relative motion Ans: Luminance Y
between the radar set and a target?
Ans: Frequency 44. What is the name of the solid-state imaging
device used int TV cameras that converts the
30. The most widely used radar transmitter light in a scene into an electrical signal?
component is a Ans: CCD
Ans: Magnetron
45. The I and Q composite color signals are
31. Low-power radar transmitters and receiver multiplexed onto the picture carrier by
LOs use which component? modulating a 3.58 MHz subcarrier using
Ans: Gunn diode Ans: DSB AM

32. What component in a duplexer protects the
receiver from the high-power transmitter
output?
Ans: Spark gap
33. Most radar antennas usa a
Ans: Horn and parabolic reflector
34. The most common radar display is the
Ans: Plan position indicator
©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC
46. The assembly around the neck of a picture
tube that produces the magnetic fields that
deflect and scan the electron beams is called
the
Ans: Yoke
47. The picture and sound carrier frequencies in a
TV receiver IF are respectively
Ans: 45.75 and 41.25 MHz
48. The sound IF in a TV receiver is
Ans: 41.25 MHz
COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 18
49. What type of circuit is used to modulate and
demodulate the color signals?
Ans: Balanced demodulator

50. What circuit in the TV receiver is used to

develop the high voltage needed to operate
the picture tube?
Ans: horizontal output

51. What ensures proper color synchronization at

the receiver?
Ans: 3.58 MHz color burst

52. Which of the following is not a benefit of cable

TV?
Ans: Lower-cost reception

53. What technique is used to permit hundreds of

TV signals to share a common cable?
Ans: FDM

©2008 Created by Kai Raimi – BHC COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIC 2 ND EDITION - FRENZEL 19