October 31, 2017

CITY OF

Albany
NEW YORK

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation

 Table of Contents
Executive Summary………………………………………………………………………………………….1
1 – Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………2
1.1 – Background
1.2 – Bath House & Facility
1.3 – Pool
1.4 – Filtration Building & Recirculation System
1.5 – Patron Usage
1.6 – Current Challenges
2 – Pool Evaluation…………………………………………………………………………………………..8
2.1 – Existing Conditions Overview
2.2 – Structural Considerations
2.3 – Paints & Finishes
2.4 – Pool Deck
3 – Pool Compliance Review………………………………………………………………………………13
3.1 – System Turnover
3.2 – Recirculation System
3.3 – Filtration System
3.4 – Disinfection System
3.5 – Water Supply & Wastewater Disposal System
3.6 – Accessibility
3.7 – Depth Markings
3.8 – Deck
3.9 – Recommendations
4 – Pool Filter Building Evaluation…………………………………………………………………………22
4.1 – Existing Conditions Overview
4.2 – Recirculation System
5 – Pool Filter Building Compliance Review………………………………………………………………24
5.1 – Flow Meter
5.2 – Chemical Feeding
5.3 – Domestic Water Fill System
5.4 – Existing Pool Filtration System
6 – Recommendations……………………………………………………………………………………..26
6.1 – Option A – Full Zero Entry
6.2 – Option B – Zero Entry with Lap Pool and Slide
6.3 – Option C – Lap Pool
6.4 – Option D – Lap Pool with Wading Pool
6.5 – Additional Considerations
6.6 – Recommendations
Appendices
Appendix A – Historic Documents
Appendix B – Survey
Appendix C – Geotechnical Report
Appendix D – Pool Evaluation Plans
Appendix E – Piping System Evaluation
Appendix F – Codes
Appendix G – Concept Design Plans & Opinion of Probable Cost

Final 10.31.17

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation i

 Executive Summary
Weston & Sampson has been retained by the City of Albany to prepare an analysis and assessment of the Lincoln
Park Pool, for the purposes of understanding and addressing deficiencies, and to identify and prioritize necessary
improvements, which at the extreme may include replacement. Constructed in 1930, the Lincoln Park Pool is an
important part of the City’s Park and Recreation system, is on the New York State Register of Historic Places, and
as of February 17, 2017 has been nominated for the National Register of Historic Places. The pool was originally
designed as a flow-through system, and apart from the addition of filters in 1931, the facility is largely unchanged
in over 80 years of usage. This report focuses on the pool structure, locating the sources of excessive pool leakage,
and identifying deficiencies in code compliance. Some of the highlights of this study are as follows.
• Structural: The existing pool shell is constructed of reinforced concrete with numerous joints, providing
ample avenues for leakage across the entire bottom, with a substantial network of cracks adding to the
leakage potential as well. The pool exhibits differential settlement of between 12 and 24-inches, and soil
borings have revealed that portions of the pool are constructed on as much as 40 feet of uncontrolled fill.
Differential settlement has rendered the original gutter system unusable, and the shell has been leaking
at a reported 400,000 to 500,000 gallons per day. During our field investigations, a substantial hole in one
of the main drain pipes was discovered, which was repaired prior to the pool opening for 2017.
• Code Compliance: The pool is completely non-compliant when compared with modern codes, but is
allowed to operate under rules allowing grandfathering of pools built before 1973.
• Turnover: Pool turnover is 8 hours, compared with 6 hours that is required.
• Main drain: not located in the deepest portion, insufficient size and capacity results in excessive velocities.
• Inlets/ Recirculation: Excessive spacing, poor mixing of water.
• Gutter and skimming: Non-existent, pool is operated well below the gutter level due to settlement, and
collection pipes are compromised.
• Strainer Basket: Not able to be easily maintained.
• Backflow prevention: Unable to locate backflow preventer and proper air gap on water feed system.
• Cross-connection: Main drain is hard-connected with a manhole which is connected to sanitary system.
• Handicap Accessibility: given the size and geometry, ADA is accommodated but a waiver of a second
means of access should be requested.
Recommendation: The pool has reached its useful life span, and repairs are not feasible due to several reasons,
including New York State Department of Health regulations regarding any repairs would require the entire pool to
be brought up to code, and a single element/ code violation repair would not be allowed. The cumulative effort to
repair the pool would be excessive and result in a new pool system. As a result, the pool is recommended to be
replaced with a new pool that will be designed to current standards. The cost of a full replacement pool is estimated
between $7,000,000 and 12,000,000 dollars.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 1

 1 - Introduction
Located along the banks of the scenic Hudson River, Albany is the capital of New York State and the seat of Albany
County. Covering an area of approximately 22 square miles, Albany’s population according to the 2010 census
was 97,856. The city operates over two dozen active parks, including:

• American Legion Memorial Park • McKown Park

• Arbor Hill Park • Mount Hope Playground
• Bayhill Park • Mullens Park
• Beverwyck Park • Oak Street Playground
• Bleecker Stadium • Philip Street Park
• Buckingham Lake Park • Ridgefield Park
• Colby Park • Rosemont Playground
• Hackett Park • Shaker Park
• Hoffman Park • South Allen St. Playground
• Krank Park • Swinburne Park
• Lark Park • Washington Park
• Lincoln Park • Westland Hill Park
• Livingston and Lake Playground • Whitehall Park
• Madison Ave. Playground • Wilkie Playground
• Mater Christi Playground • Woodlawn Park

Albany’s parks offer a variety of amenities, including: athletic fields, playgrounds, basketball courts, tennis courts,
skateboarding, spray pads and swimming pools. This report examines the swimming facility at Lincoln Park in
downtown Albany.

Weston & Sampson was retained by the City of Albany to perform an evaluation of the historic Lincoln Park
swimming pool. The purpose of the evaluation was to determine the sources of water loss at the pool, to analyze
the condition of the structure of the pool, to conduct a review of above and below grade structures, inspect
surrounding site conditions, and develop strategies for repair, rehabilitation and/ or replacement of the existing
pool facility. The scope of services included within this report include the following:
• Site Survey and Geotechnical Evaluation
• Pool Structure Evaluation
• Pool Fill & Recirculation Piping Replacement Evaluation
• Pool Drain Line Evaluation
• A code compliance analysis with New York State Part 6, Subpart 6-1 Swimming Pools, National Standards
(2012), as well as Federal standards for ADA and the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act (VGB
(2012).
• Preparation of an Engineer’s Report to compare pool replacement and repair costs, and a summary of
recommendations.

Note a review of the bath house was not completed as a part of this study.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 2

 Code Review

The Lincoln Park Swimming Pool Facility was evaluated using the following code standards (those noted are
included in the Appendix F of this report):

• Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York, Department of Health Chapter 1. State
Sanitary Code, Part 6, Subpart 6-1 Swimming Pools (2012) (NYCRR) (refer to appendix)
• American National Standard for Public Swimming Pools (ANSI / NSPI – 2014)
• American National Standard for Aquatic Recreation Facilities (ANSI / IAF – 9 2005)
• International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (2012) (ISPS) (refer to appendix)
• International Building Code (2012) (IBC)
• International Mechanical Code (2015) (IMC)
• International Plumbing Code (2012) (IPC)
• United States Access Board - Accessible Swimming Pools & Spas (June 2014) (ADA code) (refer to
appendix)
• National Electrical Code – Article 680 – 2011 Edition (NEC 680) (refer to appendix)
• Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act – January 2012 (VGB code) (refer to appendix)

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 2

 1.1 – Background

Lincoln Park is bordered by Delaware Avenue to the west, Eagle Street to the east, Park Avenue to the north and
Morton Avenue to the south. The park is bisected by Dr. Martin Luther King Boulevard, dividing what is considered
the upper park and lower park. Lincoln Park was originally a deep ravine carved out by the Beaver Kill Creek, which
flowed south from Park Avenue and Swan Street. The surrounding neighborhood was the site of a large brewery
and brick yards in the mid 1700’s. In the 1800’s these industries were abandoned and Beaver Park was created,
which eventually became Lincoln Park. The ravine was filled and the Beaver Kill was redirected to an underground
brick conduit.
The swimming pool & bath house are found in the lower section of Lincoln Park between Dr. Martin Luther King
Boulevard and Eagle Street. These facilities were constructed in 1930; the bath house and pool are currently
listed on the New York State Register of Historic Places and both have been nominated for the National Register
of Historic Places. Lincoln Park appeals to a wide demographic and is a popular destination, especially in the
summer months.

N
Source: Google Maps

Figure 1.1: Lincoln Park Location Map

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 3

 The bathhouse building, pool, and filter building
(located in the basement) have been regularly
maintained by the City over the lifetime of the facility.
This includes painting, fixture upgrades, ADA
compliance upgrades, and roof improvements. Select
pool filters were replaced in 2001, however the pool
has not undergone any other major renovations since
its construction.

1.2 - Bathhouse and Pool Facility

Visitors enter the facility through the bathhouse, a wide

concrete masonry building with a clay brick masonry Figure 1.2: Lincoln Park Bath House
façade. Bathrooms, showers, storage, staff staging areas, and changing rooms are all located within the building.
A lifeguard/ first aid station is available for seasonal employees. Additional rooms are used for storage.

Street parking is located on the Lincoln Park loop road, a one-way travel route around the park perimeter. Patrons N
make their way to the entrance via a concrete sidewalk on the street side of the bathhouse. Once in the bath house
there is Men’s and Ladies changing areas which exit to pool side located at the mid-point of the building to aa
wood deck with metal railings. The
concrete pool deck is accessed via a set
of stairs and an ADA accessible ramp. The
aerial photograph (Figure 1.3) to the right
shows a general layout of the existing pool
facility. The entire pool facility is enclosed
by 6-foot galvanized chain link perimeter
fence with service gates on either side of
the bath house. The chemical storage
building is enclosed on two sides by a 4-
foot high galvanized chain link fence,
which prevents patrons from accessing the
area around this small building. It should
be noted that this study did not analyze the
Figure 1.3: Aerial Photo of the Lincoln Park Pool Complex
historic bathhouse. (View South East)

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 4

 1.3 - Pool
The pool is shaped like a horseshoe, a unique configuration ideally situated to the surrounding topography. The
pool is approximately 290-feet wide by 300-feet long with depths ranging from 0-feet around the perimeter to a 7-
feet in the center. The pool used for recreational swimming. An elevated concrete platform at the center of the pool
boasted diving boards when the pool opened in 1930, but these boards have since been removed and the platform
is now utilized exclusively by the pool lifeguards.

At the current pool water operation level, the water surface area is approximately 56,400 square feet, containing
approximately 157,800 cubic feet of water or 1,180,000 gallons.

Figure C: Lincoln Park Pool

Figure 1.4: Lincoln Park Pool

1.4 - Filter Building & Recirculation System

When the pool was constructed in 1930 it operated as a flow through pool. City water filled the pool to its operating
capacity, at which time the water was skimmed via the perimeter gutter. A portion of the water drained from outlets
in the bottom of the pool. Fresh water entering the pool was chlorinated for disinfection purposes. According to
historic documentation, after operating the pool for a year, the City Engineering Department proceeded with plans
for new filtration & recirculation system to be located in the basement of the bath house.

The filter building for the swimming pool still resides in the basement of the bathhouse along with the mechanical
and electrical components of the swimming pool’s recirculation system. The recirculation system consists of six
(6) rapid rate pressure sand multicell filters, one flooded suction with strainer, two (2) centrifugal pumps, chemical
feed injectors, storage, and various electrical motor starters.

Recirculated water is delivered to the pool via a 10-inch cast-iron-pipe (CIP) which exits the basement and feeds
an 8-inch CIP return loop encircling the pool. This loop has fourteen (14) tees that return filtered & chlorinated water
to floor inlets, eight (8) of which are located 8 to 10-feet from the pool gutter/curb. The remaining six (6) are located
approximately 50-feet from the gutter/curb.

The pool is additionally supplied with potable makeup water from the City’s water distribution system. Based on
an atlas map furnished by the city, the water service was delivered via a 6-inch CIP installed in 1922 from the corner

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 5

 of Park Avenue & South Swan Street. This pipe enters the park along the loop road, terminating at a meter vault.
An 8-inch CIP installed in 1930 spans the distance between the meter and the pool. Near the meter vault an 8” x
4” tee and a 4-inch CIP follows the south side of the park loop road, providing water service to the bathhouse.
There is a valve at the top of the hill just off the loop road and another valve in a vault adjacent to the pool. It should
be noted an approximate 32-foot elevation difference exists between the two valves. This 8-inch CIP pipe extends
beneath the pool to an 8-inch cross at the center, feeding the pool in four quadrants with two (2) floor inlets each
for a total of 8 inlets. This pipe extends to a manhole adjacent to the bath house. This structure contains a valve
and serves as the drain for the entire system during winterization.

The pool was originally constructed with a cutting-edge perimeter gutter system with vitrified clay drain piping;
however, the gutter has succumbed to structural failure. Additionally, the vitrified clay drain pipes have collapsed
in sections at the perimeter of the pool. This system still drains to the aforementioned manhole, which drains into
the City’s wastewater system.

Pool water recirculates to the filter system through three (3) drains, one of which is located under the elevated
platform. The platform is fenced, preventing swimmers from accessing the drain. The other two drains have main
drain covers. All three (3) drains provide water to the suction side of the centrifugal pumps in the basement. The
pumps recirculate water through the pressure sand filters. The filtered pool water from each of the six pool filters
converges into a common 10-inch discharge pipe which is referred to as “filtered return”. Prior to leaving the
basement the filtered return is injected with the proper disinfection chemicals supplied by the chemical feed
pumps, and is returned into the pool through a network of return inlets.

1.5 - Patron Usage

According to the Official Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York (NYCRR), Department
of Health Chapter 1. State Sanitary Code, Part 6, Subpart 6-1 Swimming Pool, Section 6-1.29, Item 3.0, the
permissible load of the current pool based on water surface area is 3,591 bathers.

In the summer of 2016 the Lincoln Park Swimming Pool saw seasonal admissions consisting of patrons of all ages,
and youth day camps. Attendance in 2016 decreased significantly due to a major water main break which closed
the pool for half of the summer.

Additionally, the city does not charge patrons for use of the pool; therefore, no revenue is generated to offset facility
operating costs.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 6

 1.6 - Current Challenges

The facility is currently facing many structural and site challenges. The eighty-seven-year-old pool structure and
recirculation system are deteriorating, and the pool shell, recirculation system & makeup water supply system is
losing between 400,000 and 500,000 gallons per day. This report describes these facility deficiencies in detail.

Over time building and health codes have been updated, rendering the facility pool non-compliant. The city is now
faced with the decision to either make repairs or construct a new facility. Both options will have similar costs;
however, incremental repairs may cost the city more over time.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 7

 2 - Pool Evaluation

2.1 - Existing Conditions Overview

The current swimming pool is built with a reinforced concrete

shell covered with a rubber based paint finish. Three 12-inch
round main drains exist in the pool, two of which are covered
with a 44-inch square VGB certified grate. Several square
concrete bollards divide the shallow water (3-feet or less) from
water depths greater than 3-feet. A concrete curb roughly 12-
inches high frames the perimeter. The pool currently has one Figure 2.1: Accessible Ramp

ADA compliant ramp with railings on both sides, providing access to the pool floor. The Lincoln Park pool of 1930
was the forerunner of a zero-entry type pool. The unique horseshoe shape and considerable size of the pool
requires deployment of portable life guard chairs along the span of 3-foot depth indicator bollards and float ropes.

An article published in 1932 in the Albany Evening News describes

the Lincoln Park pool disinfection and recirculation system. At that
time, the total surface area of the pool measured approximately
70,894 square feet, and the pool retained approximately 220,588
cubic feet or 1,650,000 gallons of water (this volume appears to be
more accurate based on the completed survey). The pool was
designed to have a turn-over rate of 3 times per day at a pumped
recirculation rate of 2,872 gallons per minute (GPM). This turnover
rate information is not correct: to achieve an 8-hour turnover of
1,650,000, the flow rate would need to be 3,437.5 gallons per minute.
At the published flow rate, the actual turnover rate would have been
2.5 times per day, or every 9.5 hours.

The pool was designed to take suction from three locations in the
pool and to deliver water to two (2) 50 horsepower pumps located in
Figure 2.2: Historic Article Describing
the basement of the bath house. A perimeter gutter system with a Pool Disinfection & Recirculation System
number of drop inlets skims the surface of the pool. The pool water
is then filtered, chlorinated and returned to the pool through an 8-inch cast iron pipe and fourteen (14) 4-inch
branches. These branches deliver the treated filtered water to floor inlets located around the pool.

A fill system (makeup water) is connected to the City’s water distribution system via 6 and 8-inch CI pipes. This fill
system has 8 inlets: 4 located at the center of the pool beneath the platform and 4 approximately 65-feet from the

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 8

 curb/ gutter. Figure 1 in Appendix E shows the pool and its recirculation system. Information in these drawings
was obtained from field surveys conducted by Weston & Sampson of above grade features and from relevant
historic maps of record provided by the City.

The pool facility has not seen any major renovations during its lifetime, except the filtration system was replaced in
2001, and a chemical storage & feed building was constructed prior to 1994. The chemical storage building houses
a bulk storage tank with a working capacity of 3,040 gallons of liquid sodium hypochlorite. This building also
houses the chemical feed pumps which mix the injected sodium
hypochlorite into a feed pipe. This solution is ultimately introduced to
filtered water on the pool return just prior to leaving the basement of
the filter building. Other items replaced items include pump motors
and high-rate sand filter media.

The pool is surrounded by an impervious concrete deck extending 5-

feet from the back edge of the pool curb and gutter. The deck drains
away from the pool to a swaled gutter. The water is then collected by
several catch basins. A grass surface surrounds the pool deck on
three sides; runoff from the deck between the pool and bath house is
collected by two catch basins. The deck is in disrepair; cracks, voids,
and significant deterioration can be found throughout the surface.

2.2 - Structural Considerations Figure 2.3: Existing Deck Condition

The pool shell consists of a reinforced concrete curb / gutter and floor. Irregularities of floor elevations, and potential
instability of the slope led to the completion of a geotechnical survey of the surrounding landscape. Dente
Engineering was contracted to perform the geotechnical study: the full report can be found included in Appendix
C. The geotechnical study noted that the bath house and the northern and eastern side of the pool were
constructed on 40 to 60 feet of fill, used to fill the ravine that carried the Beaver Kill to the Hudson River. The eastern
and southern sides of the pool were also constructed on more than 40 feet of miscellaneous fill materials. Over
the years, this unstable surface has caused the pool to differentially settle 12 to 24 inches. Figures 1 – 15 in
Appendix D contain cross-sections of the pool showing the approximate subsidence of the pool floor and curb.
Figure 16 in Appendix D is a profile of the pool’s perimeter at the bottom of curb/gutter inlet, which shows the level
of the curb lowered on the side of the bath house, and a continued decline along the eastern side of the pool to
the north.

Figure 17 in Appendix D is profile which begins at the bath house and continues northwest perpendicular to the
bath house through the center of the pool to the sloped bank on the far side of the pool. This profile reveals
subsidence on the side adjacent to the bath house.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 9

 Years of settlement have rendered the concrete curb
and gutter uneven. To comply with the current code,
the water surface of the pool shall be continuously
skimmed, and ideally, 75 percent of the flow should
return through the gutter system. Over the years, the
City has reported excessive leakage of the gutter
trough in front of the concrete curb. In addition, the
concrete curb has collapsed due to settlement, and
the structure was unable to be fully examined (Figure
2.4).

The pool floor covers an area of approximately

71,000 square feet and was constructed with
approximately 150 panels. The pool contains
approximately 6,700 linear feet of construction joints,
as shown in Appendix D. As a part of this study, all
large cracks in the pool floor were identified, which
total approximately 3,900 linear feet. Figure 2.4: Gutter & Curb Conditions

During the drain evaluation, a hole approximately 4-

inches in diameter was uncovered in a 6-inch cast iron
riser pipe at the upper main drain, requiring an
emergency repair. The repair required a portion of the
pool floor to be saw-cut around the drain and removed.
As a result, Weston & Sampson was able to evaluate Remnant of
Possible Keyway
the construction joints and thickness of the pool floor.
It was determined the pool floor is approximately 6-
inches thick and lightly reinforced with #3 bars spaced
at 18-inches on center. The removed floor panel utilized
existing construction joints on three sides (the fourth
was saw-cut). Two of the existing construction joints
had no keyway or formal water stop, other than surface-
applied foam baker rod and sealant. The construction Figure 2.5: Emergency Repair & Construction Joints
joint parallel to the bath house contains remnants of what might have been a keyway; however, no water stop was
observed. In the 1931 City of Albany Annual Report, the City Engineer reports the pool was leaking substantially

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 10

 from the day it was constructed. It can be
concluded that this is a result of the type of
construction joints utilized during the
installation of the pool.

The panels & cracks in the concrete pool

floor contributes significantly to the pool
leakage problem. However, these issues are Existing Construction
Joint
not entirely responsible for all of the leakage
reported by the City. As of the completion of Saw cut floor
this study, the pool is still leaking at
significant rates, despite the repair prior to Figure 2.6: Existing Construction Joints
the 2017 season.

Some portions of the floor may remain as sub-base; however, unlevel areas and portions of the outer ring that do
not conform to ADA standards should be removed.

2.3 – Paints & Finishes

The pool is power washed annually to remove

debris and loose paint, and recoated with a
rubber based pool paint prior to opening for the
season. The paint and finish rarely lasts more
than one season.

Figure 2.7: Pool Paint Finish

2.4 – Pool Deck

An impervious concrete deck extends around

the perimeter of the pool approximately 5-feet
from the pool edge. There is an expansion joint
between the edge of the pool curb and the edge
of the concrete deck (see Figure 2.8). Various
cracks, voids and uneven areas are prevalent.
The deck paint finish is peeling extensively,
despite being cleaned and painted on a yearly
basis. The pool deck drains to a network of

Figure 2.8: Pool Deck Condition

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 11

 catch basins. The water is then collected
and transported in a 10-inch vitrified clay
pipe (VCP), ultimately terminating in a
manhole adjacent to the bath house.

Depth markers are located on the concrete

bollards surrounding the 3-foot 6-inch to 4-
foot water depth and the elevated platform
at the center of the pool. Depths are
Figure 2.9: Depth Markers
indicated with stenciled paint (Figure 2.9).

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 12

 3 – Pool Compliance Review

This facility is governed by the Official Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York,
Department of Health Chapter 1. State Sanitary Code, Part 6, Subpart 6-1 Swimming Pools (NYCRR Code) (2012).
The following is a review of facility conditions as they pertain to these regulations.

3.1 – System Turnover

In accordance with NYCRR Code 6-1.11, Treatment (a) Turnover Rate: “The entire pool volume must be recirculated
and treated in six hours. There is one exception for pool constructed prior to March 31, 1973, these pools can have
a turnover rate of eight-hours. Pools with approved design rate of less than six-hours shall be operated at the
design rate.”

Compliance Issue
The current system meets the maximum turnover rate of 8 hours; however, this is only because the pool
is not operating at full capacity. Excessive leakage occurs when the pool operates closer to the perimeter
gutter. The pool is operated at an elevation 84.75, which equals a water volume of approximately 157,800
cubic feet or 1,180,000 gallons. The pools current operational flow rate is 2,500 gallons per minute with a
turnover rate of 472 minutes or 7.9 hours. This does not include the 250 GPM supplied from the City’s
water distribution system, which is an approximate turnover rate of 5.5 hours after subtracting the above
water distribution system volume.
Operation of the pool at a level below the gutters is a direct violation of the code as stated in NYCRR
Paragraph 9.5, Overflow Systems: “All pools shall be designed to provide continuous skimming (removal
of surface water). Make-up water supply equipment shall be provided to maintain continuous skimming.”
Additionally, NYCRR Paragraph 9.5.1 Gutters (Perimeter Overflow Systems) states: “The overflow shall
extend completely around the pool. It shall be level within a tolerance of plus or minus one-eighth inch.
Piping connections shall be provided to permit water to flow from overflows to the recirculation system.”
As a result, Lincoln Park Pool does not meet these requirements. The low operation level of the pool affects
water quality and puts bathers’ health at risk.
3.2 – Recirculation System

Main Drain System

The pool was constructed with three 12-inch diameter drain grates on a 6-inch diameter cast iron riser pipe, which
connects to a 12-inch cast iron pipe below the pool. The 12-inch drain is located at the center of the pool under
the elevated platform. This pipe extends to a vault on the western side of the bath house where it tees off, one leg
going to pump suction in the basement and the other going to the sewer drain manhole a few feet away (refer to
Appendix E).

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 13

 In an effort to track down potential discharge locations within the recirculation system, a chlorine test was
conducted at the drain manhole next to the bathhouse to determine chlorine content. The test was positive for
chlorine at approximately 50 parts-per-million. This result is an indication that the drain pipe is collecting water from
the pool or that one of the backwash valves on the filters is not functioning properly.

As previously mentioned, during an attempt to test this pipe for leakage, a 4-inch diameter hole on one of the 6-
inch risers was uncovered. The other two risers were also examined: these pipes did not have visible holes but the
condition of the pipe was consistent with the one that failed. Based on the condition of the risers and the high
velocities the pipes accommodate, the 12-inch drain under the pool is likely failing.

Compliance Issues
As stated in the NYCRR Paragraph 9.6, Main Drain System: “Two main drain suction outlets shall be installed
in the pool floor at the deepest point with a separation distance of three feet or more provided. If the floor
of a spa pool is insufficient for a separation distance of three feet, then the separation distance shall be as
great as possible. The suction outlets shall be connected to a single main suction pipe by branch lines and
the branch lines shall not be valved so as to be capable of operating independently.” Though the main
drains meet the minimum separation requirement, they are not collecting water from the deepest part of
the pool. Furthermore, they do not comply with 9.6.1 Spacing: “The drains shall not be greater than 20
feet on centers and the drain outlets shall be provided not more than 15 feet from each side wall.” Existing
drains are spaced at 36 feet on center.
The main drain grating covers on the 12-inch inlet grates do not meet the code requirements. The Virginia
Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act – January 2012 (VGB) 9.6.2 states: “The main drain suction outlet
shall be protected by antivortex covers or gratings. The open area shall be large enough to assure velocity
does not exceed 1-1/2 feet per second
through the grating. Openings in the grates
shall not be over one-half inch wide. Gratings
or drain covers shall not be removable without
the use of tools.” The two covers that patrons
can access are fastened to the pool floor with
stainless steel screws and are VGB antivortex
cover; however, they do not meet the
maximum velocity requirements, which is an Figure 3.1: Main Drain Cover
extreme safety issue. Based on the current flow rate of 2,500 GPM the velocity of the main drain is
calculated to be 3.4 feet per second. The current drain covers have a maximum flow rate of 975 GPM (see
Figure L). It should be noted the pool is operating far below the full pool volume of 1,650,000 gallons. This

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 14

 rate of flow at a turnover rate of 8-hours indicates the velocity of these drains could exceed 5 feet per
second.

Paragraph 9.6.3 of the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act – January 2012 (VGB) states: “The
branch pipe from each main drain suction outlet shall be designed to carry 100 percent of the recirculation
rate. The suction velocity in the pipe shall not exceed six feet per second. The single main suction pipe to
the pump shall be equipped with a valve to control total main drain flow.” As a result, the main drain pipe
size is 12-inches in diameter and does not conform to the optimal pipe configuration. Based on the current
pipe size and current flow rate of 2,500 GPM, the velocity in the 12-inch pipe is calculated to be 7.2 feet
per second (FPS). At full pool volume, flow rates are 3,438 GPM.

Conclusion: the main drain system does not meet the code requirements under current operations or
potential full volume future operations.

Pumps and Strainers

The pool has two (2) 50 horsepower horizontal centrifugal pumps drawing
suction from a common 12-inch flanged cast iron header. The strainer
basket is located on the 12-inch flanged cast iron header at the entrance
to the basement prior to the pump header. The existing strainer basket is
hard to maintain in its current position due to its configuration and lack of
isolation valves (see Figure 3.2). Replacement of the strainer baskets on
each pump is recommended.
Figure 3.2: Pump Strainer

The two pumps shown in Figure 3.3 appear to be

adequately sized to handle the pools recirculation
rate; however, the historical pump curve should be
evaluated to assure the pumps will be able to
handle future pool flow rates.

Figure 3.3: Pool Pump

Pool Inlets
A survey conducted by staff at Weston & Sampson revealed thirteen water return inlets; however, plans of record
show fourteen inlets. The location and placement of the inlets do not meet the current code as stated in NYCRR,
Paragraph 9.9.2, Location: “Wall inlets shall be located at least 12 inches below the design water surface. Bottom
inlets shall be uniformly spaced with a separation distance of no greater than 20 feet and with rows of inlets within

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 15

 15 feet of each side wall. In any pool over 60 feet in width, bottom inlets should be provided. These must be flush
with the floor.” Due to its unique horseshoe shape, the pool does not require wall inlets, however floor inlets (bottom
inlets) are required. The spacing of the floor inlets average 65 feet, a distance far too great to allow for proper
mixing of pool volume. Inadequate mixing contributes to poor water quality: a significant health & safety concern
for pool patrons.
Recirculation pipes supplying the inlets are also undersized. To meet current codes for pipe velocities, Virginia
Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act – January 2012 (VGB) 9.2.2 states: “The pipes, fittings and valves of the
pool recirculation system shall be sized so that velocities do not exceed 6 feet per second under suction, 10 feet
per second under pressure and 3 feet per second in gravity flow.” The following table shows recirculation velocities
under the pool’s current configuration.

Location Pipe Size Velocity

Filter Return to Loop 10-in 10.25 FPS @2,500 GPM 14.0 FPS @3,438 GPM
8.0 FPS @ 1,250 GPM 11.0 FPS @ 1,719 GPM
Recirculation Loop 8-in
2,500/2=1,250 GPM 2,500/2=1,250 GPM
4.5 FPS @ 179 GPM 12.3 FPS @ 491 GPM
Branch Lines to Inlets 4-in
1,250/7=179 GPM 1,250/7=179 GPM
Table 3.1: Recirculation Velocities
To bring the pool into compliance, placement of a new loop pipe
and branch piping will need to occur. Additionally, the number of inlets will need to be increased to meet code
spacing.

3.3 – Filtration System

The filtration system in this building consists of six Whitten Multicell Model No. 1U2C54 high rate pressure sand
filters. Each filter contains two cells and has a filter area of 31.80 square feet. The six filters combined have a filter
area of 190.80 square feet. The current filter system configuration can handle a maximum flow rate of 2,862 GPM,
with an application rate of 15 GPM / square feet. The maximum allowable rate of 15 GPM / square feet dictated by
current codes and the current filter configuration at turnover rate of six hours can filter a pool containing a maximum
of 1,030,320 gallons.

3.4 – Disinfection System

The pool utilizes sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) to disinfect the pool water. A
3,200-gallon storage tank is housed in the building south of the bath house,
which functions as the chemical feed building. Feed pumps inject NaClO into
a water supply from the bath house. When the water returns to the bath house
it is injected into a 10-inch filtered water return line prior to exiting the building.
Figure 3.5: Tank

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 16

 The water supply feeding the chemical building is protected by a backflow preventer in the basement of the bath
house.

At the time of evaluation, no method existed to control the pools pH via feed. Typically, pH adjustment is controlled
by the use of acid or CO2. A chemical control/ monitor to maintain proper chlorine and pH level does not currently
exist at the pool. NYCRR Code Paragraph 11.7 requires the chemical feed systems to be interlocked with the pool
pumps. In its present configuration, in the event of a main pool pump failure, chemical injection will continue to
pump into the pool.

3.5 – Water Supply & Wastewater Disposal System

Water Supply
The City water distribution system provides continuous potable water supply to the pool via an 8-inch CIP main at
the corner of Swan Street and Park Avenue and we were unable to determine if this connection system is protected
by a backflow device. The valve vault at the base of the slope only contains an isolation valve, and in order to meet
the State Sanitary Code, a backflow device is required. If a backflow device is not present at the top of the hill
(adjacent to Dr. Martin Luther King Boulevard) one should be installed to meet the following codes.

• NYCRR, Paragraph 8.1, Water Supply: “The source and quality of the water supplied to the pool and all
plumbing fixtures, including drinking fountains, lavatories and showers, shall after treatment meet the
applicable requirements of Part 5 of the State Sanitary Code (10 NYCRR Part 5) for potable water.”
• NYCRR, Paragraph 8.2, Cross-connection Control: “All portions of the water distribution system serving the
swimming pool and auxiliary facilities shall be protected against backflow and back-siphonage. Water
introduced into the pool, either directly or to the recirculation system, shall be supplied through an air gap
or by another method which will prevent backflow and back-siphonage.”

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 17

 Sanitary Wastes & Pool Waste Water
The pool’s recirculation system and the potable water fill and
makeup supply system both drain to the sewer manhole on
10” Gutter/
the western side of the building. A 24-inch RCP sewer drain 24” Sewer
Backwash Drain
is located at this manhole. Sewage odors emitting from the
manhole indicate this drain is likely connected to a sanitary
sewer. The configuration in the bottom of the manhole shown
in Figure 3.6 clearly shows the two valves draining the above
pool lines. Both lines are at elevations equal to that of the
outgoing sewer.

Compliance Issue
8” Potable
The current condition violates NYCRR Sanitary Code Water Drain 12” Pool Drain
8.5, Pool Wastewater. The manhole does not contain
a proper air gap to prevent sewage from coming in Figure 3.6: Drain Manhole
contact with the pipes carrying pool and/or city
water. The solution in this case is to petition the
governing health department to request approval to
insert a Tideflex style backwater valve. This valve will
serve as a backflow device to prevent sewage
and/or sewer gases from backing up in to the
manhole, while allowing the other drains to continue
Figure 3.7: Tideflex Backwater Valve
to gravity drain to the sewer for pool maintenance
and winterization.

• NYCRR Paragraph 8.4, Sanitary Waste: “Sanitary sewage shall be disposed of through a municipal
sanitary sewerage system. If a private subsurface disposal system or other system must be used,
approval of the system must be obtained from the appropriate regulatory agency.”
• NYCRR Paragraph 8.5, Pool Wastewater: “Pool waste water shall be discharged to the sewer
system or storm drain through a suitable air gap so as to preclude the possibility of backup of
sewage or waste water into the swimming pool piping system. Approval of the system must be
obtained from the appropriate regulatory agency.”

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 18

 3.6 – Accessibility

According to the United States Access Board, Types of Facilities and Required Means of Entry into the Water (2014):
“Large pools must have a minimum of two accessible means of entry. A large pool is defined as any pool with over
300 linear feet of pool wall.”

Compliance Issue

The swimming pool perimeter wall exceeds 300 linear feet, thus requiring two forms of ADA access. The
current handicap ramp is adequate means of ingress/ egress. Since there is no pool wall, a mechanized
lift is not necessary. The Albany County Department of Health should be contacted to request a waiver for
a single ramp, considering the unique horseshoe shape and zero-point entry at the perimeter of the pool.

3.7 – Depth Markings

According to the NYCRR Code 6-1.29, 6.1 Depth markings: Location of depth markings. Depth of water shall be
plainly marked at or above the water surface on the vertical pool wall and/or on the edge of the deck at maximum
and minimum points and at break between the deep and shallow portions, and at intermediate two-foot increments
of depth, spaced at not more than 25-foot intervals. Markings shall be on both sides and ends of the pool. Where
depth markings cannot be placed on the vertical walls above the water level, other means shall be used so that
the markings will be plainly visible to persons in the pool. Water depth shall be measured at a point three feet from
the pool wall.

Compliance Issue
The unique shape of this pool creates a difficult situation in meeting the code as stated above, however
there are no depth markings on the curb/gutter at the interval stated in the above code.

According to the NYCRR Code 6-1.29, 6.1.2 Size of depth markings. Depth markings shall be in numerals of four-
inch minimum height, followed by the words "foot depth" or "feet deep," and with color contrasting with background.
Depth markers must be of durable material and permanently installed.

Compliance Issue
The only depth markings installed at the pool are the ones on the concrete pillars located at an
approximate depth of 3-feet. The size and shape of these pillar prevent the markings from meeting the
requirement of the code.

According to the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (2012), Code 409.4, “No Diving” Symbol: “Where the
pool depth is 5-feet or less, the “No Diving” symbol shall be displayed. The symbol shall be placed on the deck at
intervals of not more than 25 feet.”

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 19

 Compliance Issue
In all depths less than 5-feet, a “No Diving” international symbol must be present at every point where
there is a water depth marker. These signs are not installed currently.

3.8 – Deck

According to the NYCRR Code 6-1.29 5.9 Decks. A

continuous clear deck shall surround the entire pool
perimeter. It shall be not less than five feet wide. The deck
shall be of a uniform, easily cleaned, impervious material
and be protected from surface runoff. Where diving
boards or slides are installed, a clear deck of not less than
five feet shall be provided behind the diving boards or
slides.
Figure 3.8: Concrete Deck Settling
Compliance Issue
In some areas, the around the perimeter some of the deck in the swale area is missing which make the
distance less than five feet of clear deck.

In accordance with the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code, Code 306.5.1, Maximum Gaps (2012): “The
difference in vertical elevation between the pool deck and adjoining sidewalk shall be not greater than ¼-inch.”

Compliance Issue
The deck has settled or shifted around the perimeter of the pool. In some locations, there is a vertical
elevation change of more than the allowable ¼-inch. The settled deck has created a trip hazard around
the perimeter of the pool at some locations.

3.9 - Recommendations

Water Loss
The main pool experiences significant water loss throughout the season. In discussions with City staff, water loss
is estimated to be between 300,000 to 500,000 gallons per day. The source of the water loss is due to the age of
the recirculation system as well as the settlement of the pool shell and gutter system. To repair the excessive
leaking of the pool will require entire replacement of the recirculation system with includes the perimeter gutter
system. The use of a liner system should be considered as remedy for the leaking pool shell however the areas
which have received notable settlement will need to be addressed as well for accessibility reasons.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 20

 Structural Issues
Some of the loss of water can be attributed to the structural failures in the pool shell. Failures are caused by
differential settlement of the pool shell which opens the construction joints allowing the pool to leak. Historical
documents show that this pool has leaked from the day it was constructed through the pool shell, based on the
observations during the emergency repair the pools construction joints were not constructed in a manor to impede
or prevent water from leaking through the joint. No water stops were utilized in the joint of the pool and the only
means of preventing water from leaking is the topical use of sealant which will not hold up to the yearly movement
of the slabs. The current conditions of leaking pipes and joints allows large amount of water to saturate the
underling soils making them unstable which causes excessive movement.
Due to the need to replace the recirculation system which
will disturb large sections of the pool floor, it should be
considered to replace the pool floor with new concrete
shell which utilizes watertight joints with water stops and
expansion or provide a leveling shell to redevelop the pool
bottom profile and top it off with a new liner system.
Either way the prevention of excessive water from entering
the subbase and underling soils should help the stabilize
the settlement issues currently being observer.

Surface Issues
Figure 3.9: Cracks in the Liner
The interior of the pool shell is in poor condition. There
are many cracks and joints that have separated. It has years of built up paint which peals each season and
requires yearly maintenance at a significant cost to the City. There are
multiple options to consider for the new pool surface:

Hydraulics
The pool’s current hydraulic system is outdated and original to the pool
construction in 1930. As evident from the various pipes exposed, much of
the recirculation pipes are corroded, fatigued or broken (Figure 3.10), thus
significantly contributing to water loss and pool leaks. In addition, the pool
does not comply with Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act (2012)
standards, and the main drains are not located in optimal spot in the pool.
Consequently, the entire recirculation system should be replaced and
provide the proper location of inlets and turnover rates required by NYS code.
Figure 3.10: Corroded Pipe

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 21

 4 – Pool Filter Building Evaluation

4.1 - Existing Conditions Overview

The entire pool filter system is located in the basement of the historical bath house which was constructed in 1930.
The original filter system was installed in 1931 and was updated in 2001.

The filter building is in the basement of the historical bath house. The building foundation is constructed from cast
in place concrete and appears in relatively good condition. The basement filter room is accessed by an exterior
stairwell and door. The door is in a deteriorated condition and should be part of any future renovations.

4.2 - Recirculation System

The existing high-rate multicell sand filter is pressurized by a 2,500 GPM recirculation pump. Water from the pool
is pumped to the filter vessel, and forced through the sand media under pressure to remove suspended solids
and other contaminants. Back pressure of the sand filter is monitored using an effluent gauge located on the front
of the vessel with the influent pressure gauge. When the pressure difference is greater than 10 psi between the
influent gauge and effluent gauge, the filter is manually backwashed to remove the contaminants binding the sand
media.

The filtration system in this building consists of six Whitten Multicell high rate pressure sand filters, and each filter
contains two cells with a filter area of 31.80 square feet. The six filters combined have a total filter area of 190.80
square feet. The current filter system configuration is capable of handling a flow rate of 2,862 GPM, with an
application rate of 15 GPM / square feet. The filtration system will need to be address based on the replacement
or rehabilitation volume of the pool. Currently the maximum volume that can be filtered by the existing filter
configuration is approximately 1,030,320 gallons at a six hour turnover, which would be compliant per current code.

Chlorine metering pumps and tanks are found in the chemical storage building adjacent to the bath house. The
chlorine pumps are connected to a potable water line which loops out of the bath house basement and is injected
with chemical disinfection and then returned underground back to the basement of the bath house where it is
injected into the filtered return prior to exiting to the pool return loop.

Power for the pump is supplied by the main service panel located in the bathhouse basement. All breakers for the
pump and electrical components can be found in this location along with disconnects. The locations of electrical
panels and disconnects are in an area where one needs to step over pipes to gain access to the panels.

The basement has lights however could benefit from additional lighting to increase the overall light level in the
space. The panels are showing evidence of light corrosion due to high moisture content in the space.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 22

 The existing filtration system components are listed below:

Pool Sand Filter (Quantity 6):

• Manufacturer/ Model/ Year: Whitten, #1U2C54, (2001)
• Filtration Rate: 15 GPM per SQ. FT.
• Capacity - 477 GPM (per filter)
• Working Pressure – 50 PSI
• Filter Area – 31.80 SQ. FT. (per filter)
• Last time sand was changed: unknown
Pool Filter Pumps (Quantity 2):
• Manufacturer/ Motor: Goulds Pumps/ Worldwide Electric
o Power – 50hp/ 3 phase
Chemical Feeder (2 Metering Pumps):
• At the time of the site visit the chemical feed pumps were not yet installed for the season, therefor no
information was gathered on the feed pumps.
Chemical Controller:
• At the time of the site visit an automatic chemical control feed system was not observed which would
continuously sample, adjust & maintain the feed levels for both disinfection and pH as required by
code.

Note: The existing system does not contain an auto fill system.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 23

 5 – Pool Filter Building Compliance Review

This facility is governed by the Official Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York,
Department of Health Chapter 1. State Sanitary Code, Part 6, Subpart 6-1 Swimming Pools (NYCRR Code) (2012).
The following is a review of facility conditions as they pertain to these regulations.

5.1 – Flow Meter

According to the NYCRR Code 6-1.29 9.8.1 Flow measurement. A means of continuously measuring rate of flow
shall be provided in the recirculation system. For sand filters, the flow-measuring equipment shall be located where
the backwash flow rate can also be determined. The indicator shall be capable of measuring at least 1-1/2 times
the design flow rate and shall be accurate within 10 percent of true flow. The indicator shall have a range of readings
appropriate for the anticipated flow rates, and be installed where it is readily accessible for reading and
maintenance, and with straight pipe upstream and downstream of any fitting or restriction in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendation.”

Compliance Issue
At the time of inspection, flow meter was found to be not operational. A flow meter is essential to monitor
the rate of water passing through the system. This is used to calculate the system’s turn over. The flow
meter also determines if the system is exceeding the maximum velocity and flow through the piping.

5.2 – Chemical Feeding

According to the NYCRR Code 6-1.29 11.0 Disinfection. Swimming pools shall be designed to provide for
continuous disinfection of the pool water with a chemical which is an effective disinfectant and which imparts an
easily measured, active residual.” NYCRR Code 6-1.29 11.1 Disinfectant feeders. An automatic feeder which is
easily adjustable shall be provided for the application of disinfectant.”

Compliance Issue
The system currently has a chemical feed pumps in the chemical storage building and there appears to
be a control panel which feeds power to the pump outlets. However, a chemical analyzer was not noted
at the facility which would automatically and continuously sample the pool water for free chlorine and pH
levels, and the pumps do not automatically regulate pH control in the system. As a result, if the pH rises
above 7.6, twice the amount of chlorine is necessary to disinfect the pool as opposed to if the pH was at
7.3. Consequently, sodium hypochlorite used for disinfection will raise the pH, and a type of acid control
would be required to reduce the pH and keep the chlorine active. At the time of the field inspection, there
was no means in place to adjust pH levels in the pool either by acid or CO 2 injection.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 24

 The chemical feeders/ chemical analyzers shall be interlocked with the pool pump. Without this
interlocking system, the chlorine feed system will continue to feed chlorine into the system when the
system is not operational, and a slug of chlorine could be pumped into the pool when the recirculation
pump is off. The existing operation should be test to assure the feed systems are interlocked with the filter
pumps.

5.3 – Domestic Water Fill System

According to the NYCRR Code 6-1.29 8.2 Cross-connection control. All portions of the water distribution system
serving the swimming pool and auxiliary facilities shall be protected against backflow and back-siphonage. Water
introduced into the pool, either directly or to the recirculation system, shall be supplied through an air gap or by
another method which will prevent backflow and back-siphonage.”

Compliance Issue

Lincoln Park Pool is filled through 6 & 8-inch pipes directly into the pool, and no reduced pressure backflow
preventer was found at the facility. The system is also not equipped with an autofill system that could rely
on an air gap. The installation of a backflow prevention system that meets the International Plumbing Code
standards, Compliance with state, and local requirements is highly recommended.

5.4 – Existing Pool Filtration System

The current 50 hp pumps appear to be in good condition for their age. The pumps impellers should be inspected
for corrosion prior to any future design options and considered for replacement. The strainer basket is located in
an awkward location making it extremely difficult to change the basket without wasting a significant amount of
water. The pumps are not connected to a variable frequency drive or a soft start motor starter. The pumps use
more energy during operation and a high amperage load on startup because they do not incorporate VFDs or use
three-phase power. The implementation of VFD’s should be considered as part of future renovations and system
upgrades.

The existing sand filters were sized for the current application with large amount of makeup water supplied by the
City’s potable water system which together with leakage brings the pool in to compliance with an eight-hour
turnover rate. The filterer currently are sixteen years old and are approaching the end of their life, although in good
condition these filters may require to be changed to work with the future program of the replacement pool or
rehabilitation of the existing pool.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 25

 6 - Recommendations

Upon completion of the existing conditions analysis and code compliance review of the existing pool and
filtration systems, it is apparent that the pool has reached the end of its useful life span, and repairs to meet
current Department of Health regulations are not economically sustainable. As noted previously, in order
complete repairs to meet current Department of Health regulations, the entire pool would need to be
rehabilitated, since a single element/ code violation repair would not be allowed. As a result, options to repair the
current pool facility were not further developed or analyzed as a part of this study, and four replacement
alternatives were further developed. In addition, a no-build alternative was also considered.
The alternatives that were considered/ explored are reviewed are outlined below:
1. Alternative A: Replace the pool completely with a new zero entry pool contained within the previous
pool outline.
2. Alternative B: Replace the pool completely with a portion of the pool consisting of zero entry, while
the other portion would consist of a lap pool with a slide feature.
3. Alternative C: Replace the pool completely with a lap pool.
4. Alternative D: Replace the pool completely with a lap and wading pool.
5. Alternative E: Retain the existing pool.
It should be noted that Alternative E (Retain Existing Pool) is not a long-term sustainable option, and does not
resolve any deficiencies. In addition, the existing pool could be closed at any time due to current issues or if
there is a change in the County Health Department (on behalf of New York State) protocols or personnel. In
addition, any health-related events could force the City to close the facility permanently or temporarily until the
facility is brought back in compliance.

6.1 – Alternative A: Zero Entry

Alternative A presents a zero-entry pool that primarily serves the general public as a shallow depth recreational
area. This pool most closely resembles the historic pool footprint, and provides access around the entire
perimeter. The entire pool would range from zero feet around the perimeter to five-and-a-half-foot depth at the
center. With a total pool area of 50,518 sf, this pool could hold up to 3,225 patrons, with an additional 414
patrons on the 24,875 sf deck area. This alternative is anticipated to be between $11,000,000 and $12,000,000
dollars. A copy of the design alternative and opinion of probable cost estimate are included in Appendix G.
Below are few advantages and disadvantages of this alternative.
Advantages Disadvantages
• Respects historic pool footprint • Does not provide multi-use facility (lap,
slide, etc.), limited program potential.
• Provides zero entry around entire perimeter • Not feasible to host swimming events/
competitions.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 26

 • Total capacity 3,639 patrons (more than • Lifeguard chairs around perimeter and
Alternatives B and C) within pool (similar to current setup)

6.2 – Alternative B: Zero Entry with Lap Pool and Slide

Alternative B presents a pool facility with half of a zero-entry area, while also providing a 8 lane 50-meter pool,
and a slide structure. The 50-meter pool maximizes the number of lanes for competitive swim, creating a high
caliber event venue for local and regional events. The zero entry area ranges from zero to 6 feet deep, while the
lap area ranges from 5 to 7 feet deep to accommodate aquatic sports such as swimming, water polo or
synchronized swimming. The lanes would also be available for swim instruction, open swim, or senior aerobics.
Depths within the lap area would vary from 4 to 7-feet, thus providing competitive swimmers the depths
necessary to launch from starting blocks. In addition to the zero entry and lap swim area, two side pool areas
consist of a slide structure, and a small shallow seating pool area. Each feature area would provide additional
areas for a broader range of activities for all ages and interests. The total pool capacity would be 2,029 patrons.
Within this option there is adequate deck space of approximately 43,410 sf, which has a capacity of 750 patrons.
The total number of patrons (per Code) within this facility would be 2,779. This alternative is anticipated to be
between $9,500,000 and $10,500,000 dollars. A copy of the design alternative and opinion of probable cost
estimate are included in Appendix G. Below are few advantages and disadvantages of this alternative.

Advantages
• Acknowledges historic pool footprint
• Creates a multi-use facility (i.e. lap, slide, etc.),
and expanded program potential.
• Provides zero entry and other interest areas
• Greater deck area for patrons
Disadvantages
• Total Capacity 2,779 patrons (less
patrons than Alternative A, but more than
Alternative C)
• Overall size of pool space may require in
water lifeguard chairs (similar to current
setup)

6.3 – Alternative C: Lap Pool

Alternative C presents a pool facility with an 8 lane Olympic size lap pool. The pool configuration would allow for
a 8 lane short course as well. The 50-meter pool maximizes the number of lanes for competitive swim, creating a
high caliber event venue for local and regional events. The facility would include an accessible entry and shallow
depth area, while the lap area ranges from 5 to 7 feet deep to accommodate aquatic sports such as swimming,
water polo or synchronized swimming. The lanes would also be available for swim instruction, open swim, or
senior aerobics. Depths within the lap area would vary from 4.5 to 7-feet, thus providing competitive swimmers
the depths necessary to launch from starting blocks. The total pool capacity would be 1,262 patrons. Within this
option there is adequate deck space of approximately 34,230 sf, which has a capacity of 674 patrons. The total

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 27

 number of patrons (per Code) within this facility would be 1,262. This alternative is anticipated to be between
$7,000,000 and $8,000,000 dollars. A copy of the design alternative and opinion of probable cost estimate are
included in Appendix G. Below are few advantages and disadvantages of this alternative.

Advantages Disadvantages
• Acknowledges historic pool footprint • Total Capacity 1,262 patrons (less
patrons than Alternative A and B)
• Creates a lap pool. • Facility does not create as great of a
multi-use facility in comparison to
Alternatives A and B
• Greater deck area for patrons
• Lifeguard chairs would not be necessary within
the pool itself

6.4 – Alternative D: Lap Pool with Wading Pool

Alternative D presents a pool facility with a 8 lane Olympic size lap pool with separate wading pool. The lap pool
configuration would allow for an 8 lane short course as well. The 50-meter pool maximizes the number of lanes
for competitive swim, creating a high caliber event venue for local and regional events. The facility would include
an accessible entry and shallow depth area, while the lap area ranges from 5 to 7 feet deep to accommodate
aquatic sports such as swimming, water polo or synchronized swimming. The lanes would also be available for
swim instruction, open swim, or senior aerobics. Depths within the lap area would vary from 4.5 to 7-feet, thus
providing competitive swimmers the depths necessary to launch from starting blocks. The total lap pool capacity
would be 588 patrons. This option also includes a small wading pool with depths ranging from 0 feet at the entry
point to a maximum of 2 feet. An umbrella adjacent to the wading pool would provide shade to patrons. The total
wading pool capacity would be 83 patrons. Within this option there is adequate deck space of approximately
21,022 sf, which has a capacity of 338 patrons. Within this option, the historic deck area is reduced to a deck
surrounding the immediate area of each pool. The total number of patrons (per Code) within this facility would be
1,009. This alternative is anticipated to be between $7,000,000 and $8,000,000 dollars. A copy of the design
alternative and opinion of probable cost estimate are included in Appendix G. Below are few advantages and
disadvantages of this alternative.

Advantages Disadvantages
• Creates a lap pool • Total Capacity 1,009 patrons (less
patrons than Alternatives A, B and C)
• Lifeguard chairs would not be necessary within • Does not acknowledge historic pool
the pool itself footprint
• The wading pool provides an alternative space
for patrons

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 28

 6.5 – Additional Considerations

Each of the four options are the first step to determining the potential of replacing the Lincoln Park Pool. When
developing the alternatives, several aspects have been considered, and should be further developed as the
potential to replace the pool evolves. Each of the following items are discussed further below and are relative to
all of the options:

Facility Programming:
Developing the program for the Lincoln Park Pool and an important setup in the process of determining what
features and components the final pool layout should include. Overall, redeveloping the Lincoln Park Pool into a
facility that could attract and serve a wide variety of patrons is most recommended. Developing a multi-interest
facility will ensure that pool is truly a community resource. Programming for the Lincoln Park Pool should
consider offerings at other pool facilities within the City of Albany Parks system, as well as nearby alternative
service provider facilities, and the public interest.

Public Engagement
In order to most effectively inspire change and encourage community support, this project should seek
community input from the beginning on concept development. There are many ways to effectively reach out to
the public for informative input, including establishing a steering committee representative of various interest
groups, community citizens of varying ages and neighborhoods, and potential alternative service providers.
Once a steering committee is established, this group should be engaged throughout the design development
phase.

Permitting/ Historical Compliance

New York State Department of Health Code Compliance: This facility is governed by the Official Compilation of
the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York, Department of Health Chapter 1. State Sanitary Code, Part
6, Subpart 6-1 Swimming Pools (NYCRR Code) (2012), and therefore every swimming pool must be installed or
constructed in compliance with these regulations.
New York State Historic Preservation - Historical Compliance: As noted previously in this report, the Lincoln Park
Pool is currently listed on the New York State Register of Historic Places, and has been nominated for the
National Register of Historic Places. As a result, it is critical that any plan further developed be reviewed and
discussed with the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation
and Historic Preservation (OPRHP). An initial meeting with SHPO should determine what characteristics or
features (if any) of the existing pool are contributing features to the historic significance. Based on the National
Register nomination (included within Appendix A), the overall circulation pattern and landscape of Lincoln Park,
the Colonial Revival-style bathhouse, and former James Hall Office are contributing, but there is only a short

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 mentioning at the end of the nomination that… “The master plan for the park created by Charles Downing Lay in
the 1910s is largely intact, especially with the completion of the pool and bathhouse in the 1930s, and the more
recent additions have furthered a long-standing tradition of using portions of the park for educational purposes. It
is, and has long been, one of Albany’s premier open spaces.
As a result, three the potential alternatives proposed have respected the footprint of the existing pool facility,
however an initial meeting with SHPO staff members should be scheduled to determine if/ any features are
contributing to the historical significance.

Project Schedule/ Implementation Strategy

The construction of a new pool at Lincoln Park is anticipated to be a significant undertaking. Due to the overall size
and value of construction estimated for the project, the project is estimated to take at least one calendar year,
pending outside factors (i.e. funding, weather, and unexpected conditions). It should be noted that at least a single
season of use is expected to be lost due to construction. Below is a preliminary project schedule with general
milestones for completion based on a construction period during the 2019 construction season.

Task Wks Mo Mo Mo M Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Project Begin Dec 1, 2108

Consultant 3 wks
Procurement

Public 6 wks
Engagement/
Concept
Development

Concept 3 wks
Evaluation/
Selection

SHPO Review/ 3 wks

Analysis

Design 12 –
Development/ 16
Construction wks
Documents

Construction 8 wks
Contract Bid/
Award

20 –
Construction
28
Period
wks
December 21, 2019
Project Complete Total Duration: 55 to 67 weeks
March 14, 2020

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 30

 Systems:
Each of the design alternatives could reuse the existing filtration system, however the filters are approximately
16-years old, and would a relatively small percentage of the overall cost of either alternative. The existing pumps,
motors, and electrical systems need to be upgraded as a part of either reconstruction project. Variable speed
drives should be incorporated into the reconstruction project in order to operate the pumps more efficiently, and
minimize wear and hard starts. The existing chemical feed system is outdated and needs to be upgraded. A new
chemical feed system should include the latest technology for chemical control, which will continuously sample
the pool water chemistry and automatically adjust the feed of disinfection chemical (sodium hypochlorite or
calcium hypochlorite), as well as pH chemical (acid or carbon-dioxide gas) to maintain optimal pool chemistry. A
new filtration system should consider the use of an Ultra Violet (UV) disinfection system. A UV system helps
remove combined chlorine without the need to super chlorinate the pool water. As a result, a more thorough
investigation of the mechanical and electrical systems servicing the pool and bathhouse facility will need to be
included in the design process.

Construction Considerations
Throughout the design development process various items will arise for consideration. A few items which were not
investigated as a part of this project was:

Hazardous Materials: The facility was constructed during a time when contaminants such as lead, polychlorinated
biephenyls (PCB’s), asbestos, and other contaminates were commonly used in the construction industry. It can
be assumed that the facility may contain these contaminants.

Structural Evaluation: Our structural evaluation was limited to a visual inspection of the pool facility, and a review
of the record drawings. Tests beyond those noted within this report were not completed as a part of this study.

Bathhouse Evaluation: This study focused solely on the pool facility and systems, and did not include an analysis
of the Pool House. As a result, it is anticipated that various improvements, such as accessibility compliance, and
building modernization measures would be necessary as a part of a pool facility renovation/ reconstruction.

6.6 – Recommendations

Due to the nature of the compliance deficiencies and relative costs associated with necessary improvements,
Weston & Sampson recommends replacing the Lincoln Park Pool with a new pool facility with various features,
including a zero-entry area, lap pool, slide, wading pool or a shallow depth area. A new pool facility with a variety
of interest areas would enhance and expand the current program offerings and opportunities, while still retaining
the current facility demand as a city park pool. Finally, continuing to operate the existing pool in the current state,
given the compliance issues and leakages is not a sustainable or economical long-term solution the City should
embrace.

Lincoln Park Pool Evaluation 31