MT210 QUIZ 11 SAMPLE 1

İLKER S. YÜCE
APRIL 30, 2011

Surname, Name:
QUESTION 1. §4.4 COORDINATE SYSTEMS

Define T : M2×2 Ï M2×2 by T(A) = A − At .

(a) Show that T is a linear transformation.
(b) Find a basis for the range of T
(c) Find a basis for the kernel of T.
(d) Verify that the Rank Theorem holds.

ANSWER
(a) Note that

T(A + B) = (A + B) − (A + B)t
= A + B − At − B t
= A − At + B − B t
= T(A) + T(B).

and

T(cA) = (cA) − (cA)t

= cA − cAt
= c(A − At )
= cT(A).

Thus, T is linear. {[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]}
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
(b) Consider M2×2 with the standard basis: , , , .
[ ] [ 0 ]0 0 0 1 0 0 1
a b 0 b − c
Let A = Ñ A − At = . Then we get T ′ : R4 Ï R4
c
 d    c − b 0
a 0
 b   b − c 
so that T ′     
 c  =  c − b  where the standard matrix of T is
′

d 0
   
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 0 1 −1 0   
  ∼  0 1 −1 0  .
 0 −1 1 0   0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1
    

 0 

   
1
The range of T is given as x2 
′
 −1
 : x2 ∈ R which implies that


 

 
0
{ [ ] }
0 1
range of T = x2 : x2 ∈ R .
−1 0
{[ ]}
0 1
Thus, the set is a basis for the range of T.
−1 0
  

 x1 

  
 x 2 
′ ′
(c) Note that the null space of T is Null T =  : x 1 , x2 , x4 ∈ R which

 x2  

 
x4
implies that
{ [ ] [ ] [ ] }
1 0 0 1 0 0
kernel of T = x1 + x2 + x4 : x1 , x 2 , x 4 ∈ R .
0 0 1 0 0 1
{[ ] [ ] [ ]}
1 0 0 1 0 0
Thus, the set , , is a basis for the kernel of T.
0 0 1 0 0 1
(d) dim kernel of T + dim Range of T = 3 + 1 = 4 = dim M2×2 .