Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite Campus

College of Engineering, Architecture and Computer Studies

Department of Engineering

Review of Related Literature

PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP)

FOR CONTROLLING WATER POLLUTION IN TAAL LAKE, BATANGAS, PHILIPPINES

Submitted by:
Joana Ericka A. Miranda
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Submitted to:
Engr. Jerry Correa
Instructor

May 11, 2018

 Review of Literature

Consideration in selecting the site for STP. The detailed analysis of choosing the site or location for
Sewage Treatment Plant is important. Some standards are needed to consider such the geographic,
environmental, socio-economic and technical evaluation according to Chelsea Municipal Council. The
criteria for choosing the location for wastewater treatment plant includes the nearness of the site to an
important river, it should be close to the site where the plant will set; the accessibility of the location to
an existing road; the control of odors, noise and lighting; the topography of the location; the
geotechnical stability of the site and landscape layout of the site. In addition to this, selecting suitable
sites for construction based on the study about Site Suitability Analysis for a Central Wastewater
Treatment Plants (Asante & Barimah, n.d.), the importance of having knowledge of the people and
freedom of sharing their opinion in local communities will also be considered. The study suggested that
detailed examination for selected site will be dependent in making final decision at sub-metro level.

The significance of proper location for sewage treatment plant is to avoid soil degradation and
groundwater pollution (Devi, G. & Benujah B. R., n.d.). For this study the sites are evaluated using
suitability score based on plan and design constraints such ground slope, land use patterns and distance
to river and roads using the software Spatial Analyst tool of ArcGIS. This device is very helpful that
gives more accurate result in suitability evaluation of site for STP.

Factors Affecting the productivity of STP. According to A Study of the Effectiveness of Sewage
Treatment Plant in Delhi Region (Gautam, et al.,2012) to know if the plant is productivity, monitoring
some parameters in wastewater both inlet and outlet are needing to acknowledge like level of pH,
electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and major ions bicarbonate, nitrate, magnesium and
calcium. Based on this monitoring study the comparison of before and after treatment was done through
agglomerative hierarchical clustering techniques. The result of the comparison reveals that it has an
improvement in wastewater quality after the treatment process. But there is no direct economic return
with this method. Therefore, to improve efficiencies of the Sewage Treatment Plant, the system should
be on its proper operation and well maintained. The study also suggested identifying the sources of raw
sewage and upgraded of the existing facilities are required. For more broad knowledge about the
effectiveness of STP long term monitoring strategy is advice.
 Process for construction and operation of STP. From the final scoping report about the Proposed
Construction and Operation of a New Sewage Treatment Plant at Cape Point, Table Mountain National
Park by KHULA, the background of the proposed plant was considered prior to the installation of new
sewage treatment plant and to meet the increasing number of visitors in the location. For the brief
summary of this report here is the synopsis of how the study was done; other than providing the
background, the construction has also a need of issuing the legal and administrative context to
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), describing of the site and affected environment, providing
the motivation for and describing the new plant that is being proposed, relating the alternatives that is
consider in EIA, providing record of the Public Participation Process (PPP), describing environmental
issue and present the plan of study and key findings of the study. This report recommended that a
hundred percent of local labor and contractor should be very helpful, but this is just an optional
mitigation measures.

References

A.W., K. (2013). Proposed Construction and Operation of a NewSewage Treatment Plant at Cape Point,
Table Mountain NationalPark.
Asante, P. A. (n.d.). Site Suitability Analysis for a CentralWastewater TReatment Plant(s) In Accra
Metropolitan Area Using Geographic Information System.
Chelsea MunicipalCouncil. (2011, Marh 14). Retrieved from
http://www.chelsea.ca/sites/default/files/selectionofthewastewatertreatmentplan_en_final.pdf
Devi, G. &Benujah B.R. (n.d.). Site Suitability for Sewage treatment Plant In Nagercoil Municipality, Tamil
Nadu Using Remote Sensing Techniques. 1-8.
Gautam, S. K., D, S., Tripathi, J., S, A., & S.K, S. (2012). A Study of the Effectiveness of Sewage Treatment
Plants in Delhi. 57-64.
Ong, P. S., Rosell-Ambal, R. G., S, B. D., Custodio, C. C., Bantayan, N. C., Cruz, R. D., . . . Mendoza, M.
(2015). Philippine Wetlands in the South China Sea: Conservation Priorities. Quezon City: DENR-
PAWB Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center.