Tutorial Questions, Week 3

1) The vapour pressure of a liquid in the temperature range 200 K to 260 K was found
to fit the expression ln(p/Torr) = 18.361 – 3036.8/(T/K). Calculate the enthalpy of
vaporization of the liquid.

2) The vapour pressure, p, of nitric acid varies with temperature as follows:

θ/°C 0 20 40 50 70 80 90 100

p/kPa 1.92 6.38 17.7 27.7 62.3 89.3 124.9 170.9

What are (a) the normal boiling point and (b) the enthalpy of vaporization of nitric acid?

3) Construct the phase diagram for benzene near its triple point at 36Torr and 5.50°C
using the following data: ∆ H = 10.6 kJ mol , ∆ H = 30.8 kJ mol , ρ(s) = 0.891 g
fus
−1
vap
−1

cm , ρ(l) = 0.879 g cm .
−3 −3

4) The following temperature/composition data were obtained for a mixture of octane

(O) and toluene(methylbenzene, M) at 760 Torr, where χ is the mole fraction in the
liquid and y the mole fraction in the vapor at equilibrium.

θ/ºC 110.9 112 114 115.8 117.3 119.0 121.1 123

χ M 0.908 0.795 0.615 0.527 0.408 0.300 0.203 0.097
yM 0.923 0.836 0.698 0.624 0.527 0.410 0.297 0.164
The boiling points are 110.6 ºC and 125.6 ºC for M and O, respectively. Plot the
temperature/composition diagram for the mixture. What is the composition of the
vapor in equilibrium with the liquid of composition (a) χ = 0.250 and (b) χ = 0.250?
M O
5) Marine animals require oxygen to perform aerobic respiration and metabolic
reactions, similar to land based animals. The minimum oxygen concentration in water
required to sustain aquatic life is 4 mg/L. Henry’s constant for oxygen in water is
74.98 kPa m3 mol-1. What is the minimum partial pressure of oxygen in air required to
sustain aquatic life?

6) Calculate the Gibbs energy, entropy, and enthalpy of mixing when 1.00 mol C6H14 (hexane) is
mixed with 1.00 mol C7H16 (heptane) at 298 K; treat the solution as ideal.