MAT 111-18 MID-TERM EXAM ANSWER KEY

For Test 1. MULTIPLE CHOICE. (1 POINT EACH ITEM)

1. E
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. D
For Test 2. MATRICES MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS & PROPERTIES. Perform the indicated mathematical
operations, if they exist. Show your complete solutions. Write your answer on provided spaces.
1. Given the following matrices: (5 POINTS EACH OPERATION)

 5 3  i  2  i 5  2i 
A  B 
2  3i  5i   3  i 4  3i 
Complete the solution in finding the elements of matrix C if it is based on the following matrices operations:

c c12   c11 c12   c11 c12 

C  A  B   11 b. C  AB   c. C  BA  
c21 c22  c21 c22  c21 c22 
a.
Solution: Solution:
Solution:
c11  5 (  2  i )  ( 3  i ) 2 c11  (2  i)(5)  (5  2i)(2  3i)
c11  5  2  i  3  i
c11   10  5i  ( 3) 2  6 i  i 2 c11  10  5i  10  15i  4i  6i 2
c12  3  i  5  2i  8  i
c11   1  1  i   2  i c11  6  (5  15  4)i
c21  2  3i  3  i  5  2i
c11  6  19i
c22   5i  4  3i  4  2i c12  5(5  2i )  (3  i )( 4  3i )
Answer: c12  25  10i  12  4i  9i  3i 2 c12  (2  i)(3  i)  (5  2i)(5i)
c12  25  12  3  10i  5i c12  6  2i  3i  i 2  25i 10i 2
 3i 8i 
C  c12  40  15i c12  6  1  10  (2  3  25)i
5  2i 4  2i  c21  (2  3i)(2  i)  5i(5  2i) c12  5  20i
2
c21  4  2i  6i  3i  25i 10i 2
c21  (3  i)(5)  (4  3i)(2  3i)
c21  3  29i c21  15  5i  8  12i  6i  9i 2
c22  (2  3i)(5  2i)  5i(4  3i) c21  15  8  9  (5  12  6)i
2
c22  10  4i 15i  6i  20i 15i 2
c21  14  13i
c22  10  6 15  (4 15  20)i c 22  ( 3  i ) 2  ( 4  3i )(  5i )
c22  19  i
c 22  9  6 i  i 2  20 i  15 i 2
Answer:
c 22  9  1  15  (  6  20 ) i
  2  i 40  15i  c 22  23  26 i
C 
3  29i 19  i  Answer:

 6  19i 5  20i 
C 
 14  13i 23  26i
2. Solve the following system of four equations in four variables by determining the inverse of the matrix of
coefficients and then using matrix multiplication; AX = B or X = A-1B where all are matrices. (10 points).

x1  x2  2 x3  x4  5
2 x1  2 x3  x4  6
x2  3 x3  x4  1
3 x1  2 x2  2 x4  7
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Solution:
Fill-up the elements of the given matrices based on given systems ofequations:

1 1 2 1
2 0 2 1 
A
0 1 3  1
 
3 2 0 2

5   x1 
6  x 
B   X   2
1   x3 
   
7  ,  x4 
Solve for inverse of A, A-1 using Gauss - Jordan Elimination:

A : I 4   I 4 : A1 
  14 8 4 5 
1 0 0 0
17 17 17 17 
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0  3 9 4 5 
2 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 
  17 17 17 17 
0 1 3 1 0 0 1 0  0 5 2 1  3
   0 1 0
17 17 17 17 
3 2 0 2 0 0 0 1 
18 3  10  4
0 0 0 1 
 17 17 17 17 
Obtained via 14 iterations of Gauss-Jordan Elimation as follows:
1) R2-2R1 2) R4-3R1 3) -1/2*R2 4) R3-R2
5) R4+R2 6) R1-R2 7) 1/2*R3 8) R4+5R3
9) R1-R3 10) R2-R3 11) -14/17*R4 12) R1-(5/4)R4
13) R2-(5/4)R4 14) R3+(3/4)R4

  14 8 4 5 
 17 17 17 17 
 3 9 4 5 
 
A   17
1 17 17 17 
 5 2 1  3
 17 17 17 17 
 18 3  10  4
 
 17 17 17 17 
Solve for X matrix by multiplying inverse matrix of A by matrix of B:

X  A1 B
  14 8 4 5 
 17 17 17 17 
 x1   3 9 4 5   5  1 
x    6  0 
 2    17 17 17 17     
 x3   5 2 1  3 1  1 
   17 17 17 17     
 x4   18 3  10  4 7   2 
 
 17 17 17 17 
Answer: x1 = 1, x2 = 0, x3 = 1, x4 = 2

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For Test 3. PROBLEM SOLVING. (20 points).
John inherited $25,000 and invested part of it in a money market account, part in municipal bonds, and part
in a mutual fund. After one year, he received a total of $1,620 in simple interest from the three investments.
The money market paid 6% annually, the bonds paid 7% annually, and the mutually fund paid 8% annually.
There was $6,000 more invested in the bonds than the mutual funds.
Find the amount John invested in each category.
Solution using Matrices and Determinants via Cramer’s Rule:
Let x = investment in money market account
y = investment in municipal bonds
z = investment in mutual fund
Equations as per problem:
Eqn 1: x + y + z = 25000
Eqn 2: 0.06x + 0.07y + 0.08z = 1620
Eqn 3: z + 6000 = y or re-arranging ===> y - z = 6000
The augmented matrix representing system of linear equations is …

 1 1 1 25000 
0.06 0.07 0.08 1620 
 
 0 1  1 6000 
Let A be the 3 x 3 sub-matrix of above matrix.

 1 1 1 
A  0.06 0.07 0.08

 0 1  1 
Determinant of matrix A:

A  (1)(0.07)(1)  (1)(0.08)(0)  (1)(0.06)(1)  (0)(0.07)(1)  (1)(0.08)(1)  (1)(0.06)(1)

A  0.07  0  0.06  0  0.08  0.06  0.15  0.12
A  0.03
Using Cramer’s Rule, the values of x, y and z are determined:

25000 1 1 
 1620 0.07 0.08
 
 6000 1 1 
x
 0.03
(25000)(0.07)(1)  (1)(0.08)(6000)  (1)(1620)(1)  (6000)(0.07)(1)  (1)(0.08)(25000)  (1)(1620)(1)
x
 0.03
1750 4801620 420 20001620  450
x 
 0.03  0.03
x  15000

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  1 25000 1 
0.06 1620 0.08
 
 0 6000 1 
y
 0.03
(1)(1620)(1)  (25000)(0.08)(0)  (1)(0.06)(6000)  (0)(1620)(1)  (6000)(0.08)(1)  (1)(0.06)(25000)
y
 0.03
1620 0  360 0  4801500  240
y 
 0.03  0.03
y  8000

 1 1 25000
0.06 0.07 1620 
 
 0 1 6000 
z
 0.03
(1)(0.07)(6000)  (1)(1620)(0)  (25000)(0.06)(1)  (0)(0.07)(25000)  (1)(1620)(1)  (6000)(0.06)(1)
z
 0.03
420 0 1500 0 1620 360  60
z 
 0.03  0.03
z  2000
Therefore $15,000 is the amount invested in money account, $8,000 for municipal bonds and $2000 for mutual
funds.

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