Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TIME: 2 HOURS
1. a) If time in New York (74ºW) is 10.00 a.m. What is the time at Wajir (40ºE). (2 Marks)
b) Give two effects of international date line on time. (2 Marks)
2. a) Give three reasons why the interior of the earth is hot. (3 Marks)
b) State three reasons why life is possible on planet earth and not on other planets in the
solar system (3 Marks)
3. a) What are the advantages of learning geography through field work? (3 Marks)
b) List three methods you would use to collect data during the field study. (3 Marks)
8. a) Using labeled diagrams, describe the formation of Rift Valley by tensional forces.
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(8 Marks)
b) State three negative effects of faulting. (3 Marks)
9. a) Apart from Rift Valley, name any four features resulting from faulting. (4 Marks)
b) Differentiate between vulcanicity and volcanicity. (2 Marks)
13. a) State three advantages of using divided rectangles to present data. (3 Marks)
b) Apart from divided rectangles, state two other methods of presenting data. (2 Marks)
- 5000m
X
- 4000m
- 3000m
Y
- 2000m
- 1000m Z
Savanna grassland
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b) Give three reasons why mountain tops have no vegetation. (3 Marks)
16. Outline five problems facing forests and forestry in Kenya. (5 Marks)
b) On crossing it Eastwards, one day is gained while when crossing it Westwards, one day is
lost. (2 Marks)
b) - The planet has the atmosphere with the right amount of oxygen that support life.
It has water unlike other planets.
Has enough warmth from the sun to support life, It is neither too hot nor too cold.
The atmospheric pressure on planet earth is just right to allow animals and vegetation
to remain upright, firmly fixed on the ground.
(Any 3 x 1 Marks )
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Increase interest in student through activities and field observations.
Improves the student understanding of Geography.
Enables students to develop skills like observation, measuring, evaluation, judging and
listening.
Enables the students to learn through experience / first hand information.
Any 3 x 1 Marks
b) - Questionnaire - Collecting samples
- Observation - Sketch drawing
- Measuring / Counting - Photographing
- Interviews - Reading secondary materials
(Any 3 x 1 Marks)
b) - Dynamic metamorphism
- Contact / thermal metamorphism
- Regional / thermodynamic metamorphism
(Any 3 x 1 Marks)
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b) - Provides raw materials for manufacturing industrial / chemical building and
construction industries
Mining stimulates development of transport / infrastructure / communication
Promotes settlement opportunities leading to growth of towns.
Generates employment opportunities thus raises their standards of living
Earns foreign exchange used to improve other sectors of the economy
Promotes agriculture by providing markets
(Any 5 x 1 Marks)
6. a) It is a theory that states that the crust is divided into blocks of land / plates that float and
moves towards away or parallel. (2 Marks)
b) - Extensional boundary
Compressional boundary
Tranform fault boundary
(3 x 1 Marks)
7. a) Folding involves bending of rocks of the earth’s crust while faulting is the fracturing /
cracking of rocks of the earth crusts. (3 Marks)
b) - Andes
- Rockies
- Alps
- Himalayas (Any 2 x 1 Marks)
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f f
f f
Diagram (4 Marks)
Description (4 Marks)
When the layers of rocks are subjected to tensional forces, lines of weakness occur
leading to development of adjacent normal faults.
The central block eventually sinks or subsides as the side blocks are pulled apart.
9. a) - Fault scarps
Horsts / block mountains
Fault steps
Tilt blocks
(Any 4 x 1 Marks)
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b) Vulcanicity is the process operating in the interior of the earth where gaseous, liquid and
solid materials are forced out of the interior into the earth’s crust or onto the surface of the
earth while volcanicity refers to the process where igneous materials reach the surface of
the earth. (2 Marks)
10. a) - Laccoliths
- Sills
- Dykes
- Batholiths
- Lapoliths (Any 3 x 1 Marks)
b) - Tectonic movements
- Vulcanicity
- Isostatic adjustment
- Gravitative pressure
- Energy release from mantle (3 Marks)
c) - Primary waves
- Secondary waves
- Long / Longitudinal waves (Any 2 x 1 Marks)
11. a) - Contours
- Spot heights
- Form lines
- Hill shading
- Hachures
- Trigonometrical stations (Any 2 x 1 Marks)
b) - Linear scale
- Statement scale
- Representative fraction / Ratio scale (Any 3 x 1 Marks)
12. .
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Left back Middle back Right back
ground ground ground
Left middle Middle middle Right middle
ground ground ground
Left fore Middle fore Right fore
ground ground ground
13. a) - Easy to construct
Easy to compare the components since they are side by side.
They use less space.
Each component proportion to the total can easily be seen at a glance.
It gives a clear visual impression.
(Any 3 x 1 Marks)
b) - Comparative bar graphs
Comparative line graphs
Pie charts
Proportional circles
Windrose
Simple bar and line graphs
(Any 2 x 1 Marks)
14. a) ITCZ – Is a low pressure belt at the equator which moves with the movements of the sun.
(2 Marks)
b) – Associated with high temperatures
A zone of convergence of winds
Receives / associated with high rainfall
Associated / a belt of low pressure
The zone migrates to the North and South depending on the movement of the sun
Local wind systems develops due to low pressure
(Any 3 x 1 Marks)
b) – Low temperatures
Snow cover throughout the year
Bare rock (Any 3 x 1 Marks)
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High temperatures during the day and low temperatures at night.
(Any 5 x 1 Marks)
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