1.

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION

A balanced physical education program provides each student with an opportunity to develop
into a physically-educated person; one who learns skills necessary to perform a variety of
physical activities, is physically fit, participates regularly in physical activity, and knows the
benefits from involvement in physical activity and its contributions to a healthy lifestyle.

PHYSICAL FITNESS
Fitness is the ability to live a full and balanced life. The totally fit person has a healthy and
happy outlook towards life. Fitness is the young man’s absolute necessity. It breeds self-reliance
and keeps man mentally alert. Physical fitness is essential for human beings to adjust well with
his environment as his mind and body are in complete harmony.

1.1 Definition of physical education

instruction in the development and care of the body ranging from simple callisthenic exercises
to a course of study providing training in hygiene, gymnastics, and the performance and
management of athletic games

OBJECTIVE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION (PE).

1. Healthy citizens: reducing strain on health services
2. General wellbeing: physical education enhances feelings of happiness.
3. Good habits: physical education early on ensures that adults continue exercising for many years
to come.

4. Team players: PE makes participants into good team players.

5. Discovering athletes: PE helps us to discover the athletes of the future.
6. A break from work: freshening the mind.
7. Tradition: physical education is a great tradition to keep up.
8. Friends: it helps participants to make friends.
9. Offline: getting people offline.
10. Self-help: a great way to help ourselves with our issues.
1.2 Program Learning Outcomes for Physical Fitness Concepts
Health-related fitness the student will be able to identify and demonstrate the five
components of health-related fitness: muscular strength, muscular endurance,
cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition and flexibility. ·

Exhibits a physically active lifestyle the student will develop an awareness, and identify
the benefits of participation in physical activity as a conscious decision both in and outside the
physical education classroom. ·

Achieves and maintains a health-enhancing level of physical fitness the student

will be able to match different types of physical activity with underlying health-related fitness
components during a particular Unit Theme (e.g. 1/2-mile run with muscular endurance and
cardiorespiratory endurance as it relates with our 7-day soccer unit).
Basic anatomy Students will be able to identify eight basic muscle groups, and demonstrate
their appropriate strengthening exercises and stretches.

(Eight basic muscle groups and range of motion):

Quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteal, forearm, biceps, triceps, trapezius, pectoralis
· Basic flexibility the student will be able to demonstrate proper flexibility techniques for the
eight basic muscle groups.

1.3 TERMINOLOGIES IN PHYSICAL FITNESS

Balance- The ability to maintain bodily equilibrium while standing still or moving. Body composition-
The proportion of lean mass (composed of muscle, bone, vital tissue and organs) and fat in the body.

Cardio-respiratory endurance- The ability to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues over a
sustained period of time.

Duration- How long it takes for an activity or exercise to be performed. Flexibility- The range of
motion possible at a joint, or the ability to use joints and muscles through their full range of motion.

Muscular endurance- The ability of muscles to sustain repeated contractions. Muscular strength-
The ability of a muscle to exert force. Physical activity- Any movement that increases energy
expenditure above a baseline level.

Physical fitness- The ability to perform daily routines without getting overly tired. Strength- The
ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert force.
The 11 Components of Physical Fitness
Agility

Balance

Body Composition

Cardiovascular Endurance

Coordination Flexibility

Muscular Endurance

Muscular Strength

Power Reaction

Time

Speed

1.5 Physical activity and safety concerns

Cardiovascular risk it is known that physical activity generally decreases the risk of certain diseases,
including heart disease in individuals, but cardiovascular problems such as a heart attack or arrhythmia
are some of the risks that may arise when taking part in physical activity. Joint and mobility risk Joints of
the body, including the knees and ankles, have to bear a lot of stress from movement, especially in ov