3.

1 PLANE WALL 1-D STEADY STATE CONDUCTION w/o heat generation ( q = 0 )

Solution of BVP: temperature gradient
Heat Equation:
T x ∂ T −T
conductivity T ( x ) = (T2 − T1 ) + T1 T ( x) = 2 1
k ∂ 2T L ∂x L
′′ ( x )
= 0
T1 A qcond ∂x 2
T (x) rate of heat transfer
boundary conditions:

T ( 0 ) = T1 kA T −T
T2
q = (T1 − T2 ) = 1 2
x T ( L ) = T2 L Rcond
0 L

Thermal Resistance resistance rate of heat transfer thirmal circuit

conduction k
L T1 − T2
T2
Rcond = q = T1 T2
T1
L
kA Rcond Rcond

convection
h
1 Ts − T∞
Rconv = q = Ts T∞
Ts T∞
hA Rconv Rconv

radiation
Ts Tsur 1 Ts − Tsur
Rrad = q = Ts Tsur
hr A Rrad Rrad
linearized
hr = εσ (Ts + Tsur )(Ts2 + Tsur
2
)
R′′t ,c
contact resistance TA − TB
TA − TB q =
Rt′′,c = Rt′′,c TA TB
TA TB qx′′ Rt ,c
A

for plane system, q is the same for

Thermal Curcuit T1 − Tn +1
any layer between two temperatures
q = equivalent thermal circuit
Rtot
q q q
series
T1 T2 Tn + 1 T1 Tn + 1
Rtot = R1 + ... + Rn
R1 R2 Rn Rtot

R1
parallel
1 1 1 T1 T2
T1 T2 = + ... +
Rtot R1 Rn Rtot

R2

Composite Wall q overall heat

transfer coefficient rate of heat transfer
k2
h1 h2
k1 k4
T1 T6 1 T1 − T6
k3 U = q = U ⋅ (T1 − T6 ) ⋅ A q =
A ⋅ Rtot Rtot

R3
q
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 1
Rtot = R1 + R2 + + R5 + R6 T1 T6
1 1
R1 R2 R5 R6 + Rtot
R3 R4
R4