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SWOT Analysis

SWOT Analysis of Pakistan with respect to energy Sector


1. Strengths of Energy Sector
 Pakistan lies in a region of high solar irradiance; as such, it is ideally suited for solar
energy projects. Pakistan receives about 15.5x1014 kWh of solar irradiance each year
with most regions receiving approximately 8 to 10 sunlight hours per day.
 Wind energy has also been shown to have strong technical potential in Pakistan,
particularly in the southern regions of Sindh and Balochistan. Pakistan has
approximately 1000 km of coastline with steady average wind speeds ranging between
5-7 m/s.
 The availability of biomass in Pakistan is also widespread. Approximately 50 000
tones of solid waste, 225 000 tones of crop residue and over 1 million tones of animal
manure are produced daily.
 Hydro is the only sustainable energy resource which Pakistan has been effectively
employed for large-scale power generation. Currently, Pakistan has an installed
hydropower capacity of approximately 6.6 GW.
 Coal energy is an affordable energy source in Pakistan because of the coal’s stable
price compared to other fuel sources and Pakistan have coal that is abundant,
inexpensive and produces high energy upon combustion.
 The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), the scientific and nuclear
governmental agency, is solely responsible for operating these power plants. The
electricity generated by commercial nuclear power plants constitutes roughly ~3.6%
of electricity generated in Pakistan.
2. Weakness of Energy Sector
 Pakistan having very low efficient solar plants. Solar Plants also having high dust
factor and average temperature is almost 45C .
 Pakistan’s wind energy required large construction and it is also costly. Wind is
inconsistent in Pakistan. It produces highly fluctuated voltages.
 Biomass energy is Inefficient as Compared to Fossil Fuels. All plant matter need
sufficient amount of water to get by, meaning water sources must be abundant.
 In Pakistan hydro energy having limited reservoirs. Electricity generation and energy
prices are directly related to how much water is available. A drought could potentially
affect this.
 In Pakistan, Coal can be cleaned and/or turned into a liquid of gas but this technology
has yet to be fully developed and adds to the expense of creating fuel via coal.
 Nuclear fuels are non-renewable energy resources. The fusion and fission reactions
required the highly secured chambers that are expensive.
3. Opportunities in Energy Sector
 We can import Solar panels from the other countries other than to production within
the country that considered very costly.
 In coal sector, Pakistan collaborated with china to construct power plants in Pakistan.
Collaboration with china increased the educational opportunities to energy
managers, facility managers, and site engineers.
 For wind energy development, Alternative Energy Development Board is
developing investment friendly opportunities and several fast track regimes for wind
power project to meet the targets. In order to harness the wind potential in Pakistan.
That helps in Direct Foreign Investment (DFI), Financing / Lending for Commercial
Wind Power Projects, Capacity Building/Technical Assistance and Collaboration in
Wind Turbine Manufacturing.
 Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conservation (GIEC) of Chinese Academy of
Sciences and the University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF) will work together on
a biomass project to cope with energy crisis and promote clean energy in Pakistan.
 Pakistan avail the loan opportunities from china to construct the nuclear hubco power
plant and the new reactor building techniques to improve its own system.
 Hydro power projects in Pakistan avail the opportunities of financing and loan by
other countries for the electricity production and removing the short term technical
problems in plants with the technical information and exposure by the world’s
reports.

4. Threats in Energy Sector


 In solar, toxic chemicals, including hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, are used to
clean the surface of semiconductors during PV cell production. The cells themselves
contain materials that are harmful to people and the environment if improperly
thrown away; these include gallium arsenide and cadmium telluride. Silicon dust
produced by the PV cell manufacturing process is also harmful to people if inhaled
 In Pakistan, wind power can reduce the local bird population. It causes Noise
disturbances and Takes up significant portion of land.
 Coal mining can scar the landscape and the equipment used for mining is large and
noisy which may affect local wildlife.
 The burning of coal by large-scale factories to power industry has led to acid rain in
some regions.
 In biomass using animal and human waste to power engines may save on carbon
dioxide emissions, but it increases methane gases, which are also harmful to the
Earth’s ozone layer.
 In Nuclear plants if there is an accident, large amounts of radioactive material could
be released into the environment. In addition, nuclear waste remains radioactive and
is hazardous to health for thousands of years.

TOWS strategies for the development of energy sectors in Pakistan


1. S-O trends
 Pakistan having high solar irradiance value, so we can produce electricity by using
high efficient solar panels.
 Pakistan have a good potential of Biomass so by research and development centers
we know the optimum conditions for biochemical and thermochemical conversions.
 Wind energy has also been shown to have strong technical potential in Pakistan so
by alternative development sectors we can get better options in finance, Wind
Power Projects, Capacity Building/Technical Assistance and in Wind Turbine
Manufacturing so that wind potential must be increased.
 Coal energy is an affordable energy source in Pakistan because of the coal’s stable
price. So we developed new techniques to improve the production with the coal.
 The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), the scientific and nuclear
governmental agency, is solely responsible for operating these power plants so
Pakistan get the assistant to improve the reactors.
 Hydro is the only sustainable energy resource which Pakistan has been effectively
employed for large-scale power generation and its avail the opportunities of funds
from the other countries.

2. S-T trends
 Solar potential is high but cleaning of solar panels used toxic chemicals, including
hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, are used to clean the surface of semiconductors
during PV cell production. The cells themselves contain materials that are harmful
to people and the environment if improperly thrown away; these include gallium
arsenide and cadmium telluride. Silicon dust produced by the PV cell
manufacturing process is also harmful to people if inhaled.
 Wind having high potential to produce electricity but it is effected the local bird
population. It causes Noise disturbances and Takes up significant portion of land.
 Hydro energy also have great potential to produce electricity on large scale in
Pakistan. But large hydro power plants effected the marine lives.
 Nuclear power also have potential to produce electricity but it is highly toxic and
its waste can’t disposed easily that effect the human lives.
 The availability of biomass in Pakistan is also widespread. In biomass using animal
and human waste to power engines may save on carbon dioxide emissions, but it
increases methane gases, which are also harmful to the Earth’s ozone layer.
 Coal energy is an affordable energy source in Pakistan because of the coal’s stable
price compared to other fuel sources but its combustion produced large amount of
NOx and Sox that results in acid rain, smog and effect the human health.
3. W-O trends
 Pakistan having very low efficient solar plants. Solar Plants also having high dust
factor and average temperature is almost 45C. We can overcome this weakness
by importing that type of panels which are suitable for Pakistan’s environment.
 Pakistan’s wind energy required large construction and it is also costly. Wind is
inconsistent in Pakistan. It produces highly fluctuated voltages. We avail the
technical and constructional opportunities
 Biomass energy is Inefficient as Compared to Fossil Fuels. All plant matter need
sufficient amount of water to get by, meaning water sources must be abundant
and Hydro power projects in Pakistan avail the opportunities of financing and loan
by other countries for the electricity production and removing the short term
technical problems in plants with the technical information and exposure by the
world’s reports.
 In Pakistan, Coal can be cleaned and/or turned into a liquid of gas but this
technology has yet to be fully developed and adds to the expense of creating fuel
via coal but the china collaborated with Pakistan in CPEC for the construction of
power plants and their improvements.
 Nuclear fuels are non-renewable energy resources. The fusion and fission
reactions required the highly secured chambers that are expensive so Pakistan
avail the loan opportunities from china to construct the nuclear hubco power plant
and the new reactor building techniques to improve its own system.
 In Pakistan hydro energy having limited reservoirs. Electricity generation and
energy prices are directly related to how much water is available. A drought could
potentially affect this. Hydro power projects in Pakistan avail the opportunities of
financing and loan by other countries for the electricity production and removing
the short term technical problems in plants with the technical information and
exposure by the world’s reports.

4. W-T trends
 Pakistan having very low efficient solar plants. Solar Plants also having high dust
factor and average temperature is almost 45C that treats in the lower production.
 Pakistan’s wind energy required large construction and it is also costly. Wind is
inconsistent in Pakistan. It produces highly fluctuated voltages that increase the
threats of energy loss
 Biomass energy is Inefficient as Compared to Fossil Fuels. All plant matter need
sufficient amount of water to get by, meaning water sources must be abundant.
With the abundant use of biomass and lower production produces the risk for the
storage of biomass materials.
 In Pakistan hydro energy having limited reservoirs. Electricity generation and
energy prices are directly related to how much water is available. A drought
could potentially affect this that produce the threat of high cost of per MW of
electricity and effected marine life.
 In Pakistan, Coal can be cleaned and/or turned into a liquid of gas but this
technology has yet to be fully developed and adds to the expense of creating fuel
via coal. But with the heavy production of coal energy results in dense pollution.
 Nuclear fuels are non-renewable energy resources. The fusion and fission
reactions required the highly secured chambers that are expensive. The high
production of nuclear energy caused the radioactive pollution that effects the
human lives badly.

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