Before you do this - brainstorm -

What is the connection between business and medicine?

In groups - read the articles.

1. First read for general understanding so read quickly but carefully

2. Underline or highlight sentences which express the main ideas
3. Decide on a ones sentence summary

Look at text B –

Match each opinion to the relevant expert.

a. Select the experts in various areas from the following list:

Pisano, Weatherall, Olivieri, Ziman, Monbiot, Saunders and Mae-Wan Ho.

Note: In some cases, more than one expert may be linked to a summary.

1. Research institutions clearly need outside funding, but at the same time they need
to guard against exploitation by business interests.
2. Only a few business enterprises have made significant financial gain from funding medical research.
3. Governments, businesses, institutions and scientists should all share some blame
for conducting inappropriate scientific research.
4. Scientific research should serve the interests of society as a whole, not just the few.
5. Some drug companies are guilty of promoting medical malpractice by concealing
the results of their funded research.
6. The biotech industry cannot be managed in the same way as other modem
industries.
7. Funding of research is often misdirected in order to suit the aims of business or
government interests.

Many would claim that... (line 14)

A major cause for concern highlighted by ... (line 50)
Olivieri maintained that... (line 62)
Olivieri argued that....... (line 67)
This was a viewpoint emphasized by ... (line 114)
He stressed the importance of ... (line 118)
Weatherali concluded that. .. (line 120) .. and suggested thaf.. (line 122) • ... was also tackled by ... (line
128) • He laid the blame on ... (line 130) • He also argued that ... (line 132) • .. referring to this as ... (line
134)
Monbiot suggested that. .. (line 139) ... reasserted...... .. (line 144)
Monbiot contended that. .. (line 149) • He urged a ... (line 152) • ... was a further point delegates
raised .. . (line 155) • ... was highlighted in various presentations ... (line 159)
The compilers of the report ... concluded: ... (line 1 59) • A different viewpoint... /5 presented in ... (line
167) • He explains that... (line 171) • Pisano blamed this failure on ... (line 182) • He said (line 184) •
Pisano's view was that ... (line 188)

Reporting verbs and expressions

Many would claim that... (line 14)
A major cause for concern highlighted by ... (line 50)
Olivieri maintained that... (line 62)
Olivieri argued that... (line 67)
This was a viewpoint emphasized by ... (line 114)
He stressed the importance of ... (line 118)
Weatherall concluded that... (line 120) ... and suggested that... (line 122) ... was also tackled by ... (line
128)
He laid the blame on ... (line 130)
He also argued that... (line 132) ... referring to this as ... line 134)
Monbiot suggested that... (line 139) ..., reasserted ... (line 144)
Monbiot contended that... (line 149)
He urged a ... (line 152) was a further point 6e\egates raised ... (line 155) was highlighted in various
presentations ... (line 159)
The compilers of the report ... concluded: ... (line 159)
A different viewpoint ... is presented in ... (line 167)
^e explains that... (line 171)
Pisano £>/amec/t/i/5 failure on ... (line 182)
He said line184)
Pisano's view was that... (line 188)

Model summary:
As funding from businesses is vital for academic research, it is inevitable that commercial
interests and political decisions influence this research. A report
by the Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) suggests strongly that these commercial
and political influences can have negative consequences on science.
The problems of commercial influence include 'sponsorship bias' (scientists altering how
they report their results in order to suit the industry that funds them), misleading
messages sent out from industry-funded lobby groups, and the fact that industry is
much more inclined to provide funding for profitable research than for 'blue-sky'
research. Although policy makers argue that commercial influence has a minor impact on
academic research, governments set out to increase competitiveness and are driven by
profit, therefore the public research agenda is set to favour commercial gain more than
anything else.
SGR have made wide-ranging recommendations at all levels to safeguard the
independence of academic, scientific research from commercial pressure and
politically driven influence These recommendations include, more transparency of
funding arrangements, journals to investigate conflicts of interest, ethical standards for
business-university partnerships and more public involvement when setting the research
agenda.