PT (Process Trainer) 326

Round-II
Group-19
Radhey Shyam Meena
CHAITHANYA ABHISHEK B

Objective:
The aim of the experiment is to understand the effect of proportional control in
the closed loop system response of PT 326.

Settings:
Position sensor: P2
Throttle setting: 50%
Set value: 2.5

An open loop transfer function is constructed by modeling of the system.

For this purpose, we select continuous control and proportional band set to
100%.
A step input in given by triggering the set value to internal.
The output is observed on the oscilloscope at terminal Y, (output of the
temperature sensor) and the plot is stored.
The system parameters, which are the time constant and D.C. Gain, are
determined and the first order transfer function is constructed

The transfer function for open loop:

The maximum value of the output voltage is 8.06 V
The minimum value is = 6.2 V
D(V) = 1.86 V
63.21% of 1.860 is = 1.1757 V
The total value is = 6.2 + 1.1757 = 7.3757 V
The corresponding value of time (time constant) = 0.935 s = 935 ms
The DC gain is K = 8.06/4.92 = 1.6382
The time where the output starts to change = 0.502 s = 502 ms
The time constant is = K/(tau*s+1)
The step input is given at t = 0.4025 s = 402.5 ms
Tau_d = 0.472 – 0.338 = 0.134s s = 134 ms
The experimental response of the open loop system
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
Step input
2
System Response
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Part 2:
Proportional Control:
The proportional control is now introduced into the system by connecting the
terminals X and Y.
The required value of gain is adjusted by rotating the proportional band.
A step input is again given to the system and the system response is observed
on the oscilloscope.
The value of Kp is given by 100/PB%.
The above procedure is repeated for various values of the gains.
 Gain = 30% - We can see that the system response oscillates and
decays with time meaning that it is under-damped.
 Gain = 70% - The system here is also under-damped
 Gain= 100% - The system here acts like a first order system
 Gain= 160% - Here the system is over damped
 Gain= 200% - The system is over-damped here too
 7

5
30%
4 70%
100%
3
160%

2 200%
Input
1

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Simulink responses:

For gain=30%

Gain= 70%
Gain= 100%

Gain= 160%
Gain= 200%

Determination of poles:
The transfer function for the closed loop system is

Expanding the exponential term to the second order we get

Gain value Pole location

0.3 -1.7312, -195.2497
0.7 -2.8549, -73.0367
1 -44.6271, -4.0194
1.6 -12.4035 + 0.1745i, -12.4035 - 0.1745i
2 -8.4303 - 8.6203i, -8.4303 + 8.6203i

Plot of pole locations:

Since all the pole locations are negative the system is stable everywhere.