PHP

Seiya Tanaka

Subject:

Internet and Web Development
 Contents

Database

Posting content to database

Getting content from a database

File uploading
 MySQL
MySQL is a database system used on the
web

MySQL is a database system that runs on a

server

MySQL uses standard SQL

MySQL is free to download and use

MySQL is developed, distributed, and

supported by Oracle Corporation
 Using XAMPP

Start Apache and Mysql

Access to phpMyAdmin 

(http://localhost/phpmyadmin/index.php)

This will bring you to the MySQL

setup page:

[default setting]
Username: root
Password: root
 Create a MySQL
Database
Enter a name for the database, then click
on the Create button.

The name must be 64 characters or less

and composed of letters, numbers and
underscores.
 Create a MySQL
Database
Ensure the database was successfully
created:
Create a table on the
database
To create a table, click on the tab
"Databases" and choose a database by
clicking on it:
Create a table on the
database
Then there will be a box titled "Create new
table in database", where you type the name
of the table and the number of columns and
press the button "Go":
Create a table on the
database
Then you can name the columns and set the
data type, etc., as in the SQL example
above.
 Password setting
XAMPP default setting is no password

Enter the password from Security menu on

the admin window
 Practice
Create a database and table as below

database name : lesson1

table name : login

table fields

Field Type Length Index

user VARCHAR 50 Primary

pass VARCHAR 100 -

 Connect to MySQL
Before we can access data in the MySQL
database, we need to be able to connect to
the server.

Using PDO (PHP Data Objects) which is an

interface for accessing databases in PHP.
Web Server

DB(MySQL)
PHP PDO
Server
 Connect to MySQL
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";

try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=lesson1",
$username, $password);
echo "Connected successfully";
}
catch(PDOException $e) {
echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}
// close the connection
$conn = null;
?>
 Explaining the code
Try and catch : This statement for Exception
handling. A connecting to DB code should be try {

in a "try" block. If it throws an exception, }

catch(PDOException $e) {
the "catch" block is executed
}

This line is connecting to Database using PDO

$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=lesson1", $username, $password);

When we finish to use a Database, we have

to close the connection
$conn = null;
Insert Data Into MySQL
After a database and a table have been
created, we can start adding data in them.

Here are some syntax rules to follow:

The SQL query must be quoted in PHP

String values inside the SQL query must

be quoted

Numeric values must not be quoted

The word NULL must not be quoted

 Insert Data Into MySQL

The INSERT INTO statement is used to add

new records to a MySQL table:

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3,...)

VALUES (value1, value2, value3,…)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";

try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=lesson1",
$username, $password);
echo "Connected successfully<br>";
// make a sql
$sql = "INSERT INTO login (user, pass)
VALUES ('user01', 'abcde')";
// use exec() because no results are returned
$conn->exec($sql);
echo "New record created successfully";
}
catch(PDOException $e) {
echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}
// close the connection
$conn = null;
?>
 Explaining the code

-> : This symbol mean: 


A->B (code) = A's B (English)

exec() method is one of $conn's method

$conn->exec($sql);

exec() executes a SQL

exec() doesn't return value

 Select Data from MySQL

The SELECT statement is used to get records

from one or more tables:

SELECT * FROM table_name

WHERE column1 = value1 AND column2 = value2;
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";

try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=lesson1",
$username, $password);
echo "Connected successfully<br>";
// make a sql
$sql = "SELECT * FROM login";
// use query() executes an SQL statement
foreach($conn->query($sql) as $row) {
echo $row['user'] . " ";
echo $row['pass'] . "<br>";
}
}
catch(PDOException $e) {
echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}
// close the connection
$conn = null;
?>
 Explaining the code

foreach() statement is a loop statement

The foreach loop works only on arrays, and is used to loop through
each key/value pair in an array

query() method is one of $conn method

query() returns value which is each key/value (Database field/value)

pair in an array

foreach($conn->query($sql) as $row) {
echo $row['user'] . " ";
echo $row['pass'] . "<br>";
}
 Practice

Make a login form

login.html result.php
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";

try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=lesson1",
$username, $password);
// set the PDO error mode to exception
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,
PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
echo "Connected successfully<br>";
// make a sql
$sql = "SELECT * FROM login";
$stmt = $conn->query($sql);
// use query() executes an SQL statement
if($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
echo $row['user'] . " is login.";
}else{
echo "no user or no password";
}
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}
// close the connection
$conn = null;
?>
 Explaining the code

$stmt is return value of $conn->query($sql)

fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) returns a data from the result of sql

$stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)
 File uploading

Step of file uploading

Configure The "php.ini" File

Create The HTML Form

Create The Upload File PHP Script

 Configure

The "php.ini" File

First, ensure that PHP is configured to allow

file uploads.

In your "php.ini" file, search for the

file_uploads directive, and set it to On:

file_uploads = On
 Create The HTML Form
Next, create an HTML form that allow users
to choose the image file they want to
upload:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/

form-data">
Select image to upload:
<input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload">
<input type="submit" value="Upload Image" name="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
 Explaining the code
Make sure that the form uses method="post"

The form also needs the following attribute:

enctype="multipart/form-data". It specifies
which content-type to use when submitting
the form

The type="file" attribute of the <input> tag

shows the input field as a file-select control,
with a "Browse" button next to the input
control
 Create The Upload File
PHP Script
The "upload.php" file contains the code for
uploading a file:

<?php
$target_file = "uploads/".$_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"];
if(isset($_POST["submit"])) {
if (!move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {
echo "faild to copy";
exit;
}
echo "success to copy";
}
?>
 Explaining the code
$_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"] returns file
name

$_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"] returns
temp file of uploaded file

move_uploaded_file(tempfile, filepath) method

copy the file to file path

Note: You will need to create a new directory called "uploads" in the
directory where "upload.php" file resides and change the directory auth to
"777". The uploaded files will be saved there.
 Summary

Database

Posting content to database

Getting content from a database

File uploading