PROBLEM 2.

8
KNOWN: One-dimensional system with prescribed thermal conductivity and thickness.
FIND: Unknowns for various temperature conditions and sketch distribution.
SCHEMATIC:

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steady-state conditions, (2) One-dimensional conduction, (3) No internal heat
generation, (4) Constant properties.
ANALYSIS: The rate equation and temperature gradient for this system are
dT dT T2 − T1
q′′x = − k and = . (1,2)
dx dx L
Using Eqs. (1) and (2), the unknown quantities for each case can be determined.
dT ( −20 − 50 ) K <
(a) = = −280 K/m
dx 0.25m
W ⎡ K⎤
q′′x = −50 × ⎢ −280 ⎥ = 14.0 kW/m 2 .
m⋅K ⎣ m⎦ <

(b)
dT
=
( −10 − ( −30 ) ) K = 80 K/m
dx 0.25m
W ⎡ K⎤
q′′x = −50 × ⎢80 ⎥ = −4.0 kW/m 2 . <
m⋅K ⎣ m⎦

W ⎡ K⎤ 2
(c) q′′x = −50 × ⎢160= −8.0 kW/m
m⋅K ⎣ m ⎥⎦
dT ⎡ K⎤
T2 = L ⋅ + T1 = 0.25m × ⎢160 ⎥ + 70D C. <
dx ⎣ m⎦
T2 = 110D C.

W ⎡ K⎤ 2
(d) q′′x = −50 × ⎢ −80
= 4.0 kW/m
m⋅K ⎣ m ⎥⎦
dT ⎡ K⎤
T1 = T2 − L ⋅ = 40D C − 0.25m ⎢ −80 ⎥
dx ⎣ m⎦ <
T1 = 60D C.

W ⎡ K⎤ 2
(e) q′′x = −50 × ⎢ 200
= −10.0 kW/m
m⋅K ⎣m ⎥⎦
dT ⎡ K⎤ <
T1 = T2 − L ⋅ = 30D C − 0.25m ⎢ 200 ⎥ = −20D C.
dx ⎣ m⎦

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