CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Introduction and Background of the Study

Men and women are working in the field of adolescent sexual and reproductive health
would agree that the discussion about gender and gender norms is interesting from
evolutionary, sociological, psychological, and sexual points of view. However, the question
of "gender equality," a more political topic, is what ultimately matters in improving sexual
and reproductive outcomes for adolescents, men, and women. "Gender equality is a social
condition whereby women and men share equal rights and a balance of power, status,
opportunities, and rewards. Gender equality can be broadly operationalized by men and
women having equitable access and use of resources, equitable participation in relationships,
the household, the community, and political arenas, and safety or freedom from violence."
(Rolleri, 2012). When gender equality exists, a society equally values men's and women's
similarities and differences. Because our beliefs about gender are shaped by multiple forces
and varied experiences in our environment (e.g., peers, dating relationships, family, school,
community, media, business/industry, government, etc.), using an ecological approach to
design interventions to support gender equality in our community is most appropriate
(ACQUIRE Project, 2008). Men possess more power to control decision making in personal,
community, and political arenas and women's needs and interests are under acknowledged or
not adequately addressed. In such societies, the learned belief that men should maintain
control at all times puts women in situations that threaten their health and well-being. When a
drive to maintain power over others is instilled in men, it puts them at risk for a variety of
negative health outcomes (Courtenay, 2000).

Statement of the Problem

This research study aims to provide an effective dispute resolution mechanism for the
protection of women from unfair gender discrimination. Create an enabling environment that
is free from gender-bias, specifically addressing the special needs of women, such as but not
limited to pregnancy, family responsibility, and childcare. Take reasonable steps to facilitate
the employment equity targets as set out in the Employment Equity Plan through measures
that would ensure the successful advancement of women beyond formal and equal access.
This may include effective enabling conditions, mentoring, and the accelerated development
of women who display exceptional performance or potential.

Specifically this research study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are hindrances in achieving gender equality?

2. How to promote gender equality?
3. What are the factors in achieving gender equality?
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings of this study about “Gender Inequality” will benefit the society
considering that it is an issue between different genders. Through this research people would
clearly understand that gender inequality has no place in our society because it pulls away
peace and harmony. Men and women may not be equal physically. They may not be capable
of doing what the other gender can but people must understand that each gender has a their
own function. This research showcases that gender equality means “the same level of
humanity from both man and woman and to expect equal respect for doing their own
responsibilities in the society by not belittling one gender because of their lesser
capabilities.” This research will enlighten students, teachers, employed and unemployed
workers, and anyone who considers this matter as significant that gender inequality is a
disastrous situation for people who were seeking for patronage, favor or appreciation based
on their gender norms and that gender equality has a great potential to improve the economic
condition of our beloved country and family. In simple words, A world or community where
man and woman both enjoy the same rights and opportunities in our global society. As
researchers, we firmly believe that this research can also be used by other concerned
researches on how they can help improve this kind of situation by thinking of what can still
be done in order to trash this kind of situation in our lives. This research will broaden the
knowledge of a person so he or she will be aware what social issues arise in our society.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Gender Inequality - the idea and situation that women and men are not equal.
Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals wholly or
partly due to their gender. It arises from differences in gender roles.
2. Gender Equality - also known as sexual equality, is the state of equal ease of access
to resources and opportunities regardless of gender, including economic participation
and decision-making
3. Norms -
4. Society
5. Global Society
6. Evolutionary
7. Sociological
8. Psychological
9. Harmony
10. Responsibility
11. Social Issue
12. Needs
13. Interests
14. Opportunities
15. Rights