APN Architecture

Highlighted bearers shown above in APN architecture are planned for future
 INITIAL ATTACH
SGW&PGW/PCEF-
UE1 eNodeB MME PCRF HSS
INTERNET APN

UE Powers ON. Does initial LTE Attach. PCO includes DNS address

1. EMM: LTE Initial Attach; ESM Container:

PDN Conn Request (PCO:IPCP-DNS)
2. Authentication: AIR/AIA

3. ULR

4. ULA (APN Config Profile: Default APN-INTERNET; Subscribed QoS QCI_9;Authorized: IMS APN;
ADMIN APN

5. Create Session
Request
6. CCR:
Framed_IP_Addr

7. Sp: Additional Authorized Profiles

8. CCA: Charging ID;
QoS Info

9. Create Session
Response
10. S1-AP Initial
Context Setup
Request (incl NAS for
PDN Connectivity
11a. RRC Connection Request)
Reconfig: IP address
provided for
INTERNET APN; PCO
provides DNS address 11b. S1-AP Initial
Context Setup
Response

11c. Direct Transfer

11d. Attach Complete 12a. Modify Bearer
Request

12b. Modify Bearer

Response

At this stage, UE has established default bearer on INTERNET APN & E-RAB is setup

UE now transitions to Idle State; EMM Registered/ECM & RRC Idle/ESM Active (SRB & DRB deleted)

Reestablish ECM/RRC states to Connected & reestablish E-RAB

13. RRC: SRB1

Reestablishment

14. NAS: Service Request

16. RRC
Reconfiguration: 15. ICS Request
Reestablish SRB2/
DRB1

SGW&PGW/PCEF-
UE1 eNodeB MME PCRF HSS
INTERNET APN
 ON-DEMAND APN
SGW&PGW/PCEF- CSCF/ HLR/IP
UE1 eNodeB MME PCRF HSS
IMS APN TAS VLR

UE is in CONNECTED state. Dialer invoked or also done on power-up

1. PDN Connectivity Request (IMS APN); (PCO:P-

CSCF Address)
2. Create Session
Request

3. CCR:
Framed_IP_Addr

4. Sp: Authorized
QoS Profile
(QCI:5)

5. CCA: Charging ID;

QoS Info

6. Create Session
Response

7. Bearer Setup Request

8. RRC
Reconfig:Complete IP
address provided for
IMS APN & P-CSCF
address provided

9. Bearer Setup
Response

10. Direct Transfer

11. UL NAS Transport

12. Modify Bearer

Request/Response

At this stage, UE has established a 2nd default bearer on IMS APN for VoIP signaling (QCI_5) & E-RAB is setup

13. IMS SIP Registration

14.
FEATRE
Q

15.
QUALDIR

SGW&PGW/PCEF- CSCF/ HLR/IP

UE1 eNodeB MME PCRF HSS
IMS APN TAS VLR
 VoLTE-VOLTE cALL setup
O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF
UE1 PCRF UE2 T-MGCF GMSC
TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS

SIP VoIP call initiated. Network Initiated Dedicated EPS Bearer Context Creation for SIP Signaling created on LTE Attach

UE1 LTE Attach

UE2 LTE Attach
completed.
completed.
Registered in IMS
Registered in IMS
1. IMS: SIP INVITE
Supported: Preconditions,
100Rel, PEM; SDP1
(Offer) a=curr:qos local
none;a=curr:qos remote
none

Orig P-CSCF will NOT generate

AAR now – configuration to
generate AAR only on SDP answer

2. IMS breaks out all calls

3. IMS: SIP INVITE Supported: Preconditions, 100Rel, PEM; SDP1 (Offer) a=curr:qos local
none;a=curr:qos remote none;
O-MGCF has to hold off on
sending IAM since Preconditions
is Supported (COT is not
4. 183 Session Progress (SDP2 for Audio) supported at MPCS)
a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote none; a=conf:qos, PEM: inactive
5a. AAR O-MGCF will have allocated
5b. AAA resources – so can set local end
to sendrecv
5c. RAR
5d. RAA
6. Dedicated Bearer Setup for UE1 (VoIP media/UM DRB/QCI_1) Rx & Gx signaling is NOT event based with current software.
Metro requirement is to have event based signaling.
5c. 183 Session 7a. CCR-U
Progress (SDP2 for
7b. CCA-U
Audio)
a=curr:qos local sendrecv;
Because of asynchronous Rx signaling, Gx
a=curr:qos remote none;
signaling could be happening at same time as
a=conf:qos
STEP “5c”

8a. PRACK/200OK 8b. PRACK/200OK

Resource Allocation
Completed
9a. Update (SDP3
a=curr:qos local Since Rx & Gx signaling is not event based with current software, even more
sendrecv; a=curr:qos important that UPDATE is send ONLY after resource allocation is completed.
remote sendrecv)
Orig P-CSCF will NOT generate
AAR now – configuration to
generate AAR only on SDP answer
9b. Update (SDP3 a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv)
Resource Allocation
Completed – can
happen anytime after
10a. 200OK (SDP4 a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv) receiving IAM

10b. AAR

10c. AAA
10d. RAR

10e. RAA
Because of asynchronous Rx signaling, Gx
Bearer Resource Modification without QoS Update signaling could be happening at same time as
10f. CCR-U STEP “10d”
10d. 200OK (SDP4
a=curr:qos local sendrecv; 10g. CCA-U
a=curr:qos remote 11. IAM
sendrecv) 12. HLR/TAS
interaction to
get TLDN
(IMRN)
O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF
UE1 PCRF UE2 T-MGCF GMSC
TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS
 VoLTE-VOLTE
SGW&PGW/
cALL setup – Cont..
O-CSCF/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF
UE1 PCRF UE2 T-MGCF GMSC
TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS

13. IAM
14. IMS: SIP INVITE TLDN Supported: (TLDN)
Preconditions, 100Rel, PEM; SDP5 (Audio)
a=curr:qos local sendrecv;a=curr:qos remote none;

Setting on MGCF to have Preconditions set for outgoing SIP trunks

Term P-CSCF will NOT This INVITE has local

generate AAR now – sendrecv & remote none
configuration to generate since MGCF is acting as
AAR only on SDP answer UAC and has reserved
bearer ports on MGW
15. IMS: SIP
INVITE UE2 Resource Allocation
MSISDN Completed – can
Require: happen anytime after
Preconditions, receiving IAM
100Rel, PEM;
SDP5 (Audio)
a=curr:qos local
sendrecv;a=cur
r:qos remote
none;

16. 183 Session

Progress
(SDP6 for
Audio)
a=curr:qos local
none;
a=curr:qos
remote
sendrecv; PEM:
inactive;
a=conf:qos
17a. AAR

17b. AAA
Rx & Gx signaling is NOT event based with current 17c. RAR
software. Metro requirement is to have event based
signaling. 17d. RAA
Because of asynchronous Rx
signaling, Gx signaling could be
18. Dedicated Bearer Setup for UE2 (VoIP media/UM DRB/QCI_1)
happening at same time as STEP “17c”

19a. CCR-U 17c. 183 Session Progress (SDP6 for Audio)

a=curr:qos local none; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv;
19b. CCA-U PEM: inactive; a=conf:qos

20a. PRACK/200OK

20b. PRACK/
200OK

21a. Update (SDP7 a=curr:qos local sendrecv;

a=curr:qos remote none)

Term P-CSCF will NOT

generate AAR now –
configuration to generate
AAR only on SDP answer

21b. Update
(SDP7
a=curr:qos local
sendrecv;
a=curr:qos
remote none)

O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF

UE1 PCRF UE2 T-MGCF GMSC
TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS
 VoLTE-VOLTE cALL setup – Cont..
O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF
UE1 PCRF UE2 T-MGCF GMSC
TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS
Resource Allocation
Since Rx & Gx signaling is not event based with current software, even more Completed
important that 200OK is send ONLY after resource allocation is completed.
22a. 200OK
(SDP8
a=curr:qos local
sendrecv;
a=curr:qos
remote
sendrecv)
23a. AAR
23b. AAA
24a. RAR
24b. RAA

25. Bearer Resource Modification without QoS Update

26a. CCR-U

26b. CCA-U 24a. 200OK (SDP8 a=curr:qos local sendrecv;

a=curr:qos remote sendrecv)
Because of asynchronous Rx signaling,
Gx signaling could be happening at same
time as STEP “24a” Anytime after
Step 22a: 180
Ringing (No
SDP); PEM:
inactive

Alert User

180 Ringing (No SDP); PEM: inactive

Ring-back Tone generated by T-MGCF

23.ACM

24. ACM (sub-free)

Enable Early Media

now for UE1

Since 180 Ringing and alerting of user can happen anytime after Step 22a, could run into timing issue if UE2 answers the call before Step24 is completed.
In this case UE2 will start talking but UE1 will not hear anything until early media is enabled, which happens only after Step24. There is no workaround for
this behavior and is acceptable

180 Ringing (No SDP); 180 Ringing (No SDP); PEM: sendonly
PEM: sendonly
Answer Call
Since PEM is sendonly,
no local Ringback 200OK
generated on receiving
180 Ringing 200OK

ANM
ACK

ACK

26. ANM
200OK 200OK

ACK ACK

O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF

UE1 PCRF UE2 T-MGCF GMSC
TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS
 CALL TEARDOWN
SGW&PGW/PCEF- CSCF/
UE1 eNodeB MME PCRF UE2 MGCF GMSC
IMS APN TAS

BYE

BYE

REL

RLC

BYE

BYE

200OK

STR

STA

200OK

RAR

RAA

Dedicated Bearer Deleted for UE1

CCR-T

CCA-T
Following steps can be happening in parallel with
Gx messaging on the 1st call leg

200OK
STR

STA
RAR
200OK

RAA

Dedicated Bearer Deleted for UE2

CCR-T

CCA-T

SGW&PGW/PCEF- CSCF/
UE1 eNodeB MME PCRF UE2 MGCF GMSC
IMS APN TAS
 cALL setup – VoLTE to CS/PSTN
VoLTE O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF
PCRF Terminator
User TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS

SIP VoIP call initiated. Network Initiated Dedicated EPS Bearer Context Creation for SIP Signaling created on LTE Attach

UE1 LTE Attach

completed.
Registered in IMS
1. IMS: SIP INVITE
Supported: Preconditions,
100Rel, PEM; SDP1
(Offer) a=curr:qos local
none;a=curr:qos remote
none
Orig P-CSCF will NOT generate
AAR now – configuration to
generate AAR only on SDP answer

2. IMS breaks out all calls O-MGCF has to hold off

on sending IAM since
3. IMS: SIP INVITE Supported: Preconditions, 100Rel, PEM; SDP1 (Offer) a=curr:qos local Preconditions is
none;a=curr:qos remote none Supported (COT is not
supported at MPCS)

Resource Allocation
4. 183 Session Progress (SDP2 for Audio) Completed
a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote none; a=conf:qos; PEM: inactive
5a. AAR O-MGCF will have allocated
5b. AAA resources – so can set local end
to sendrecv
5c. RAR
5d. RAA
6. Dedicated Bearer Setup for VoLTE UE (VoIP media/UM DRB/QCI_1) Because of asynchronous Rx signaling,
Gx signaling could be happening at same
5c. 183 Session 7a. CCR-U time as STEP “5c”
Progress (SDP2 for
Audio) 7b. CCA-U
a=curr:qos local sendrecv;
a=curr:qos remote none;
a=conf:qos
8a. PRACK/200OK 8b. PRACK/200OK

Resource Allocation
Completed
9a. Update (SDP3
a=curr:qos local sendrecv; Since Rx & Gx signaling is not event based with current software, even more
a=curr:qos remote important that UPDATE is send ONLY after resource allocation is completed.
sendrecv)
Orig P-CSCF will NOT generate
AAR now – configuration to
generate AAR only on SDP answer
9b. Update (SDP3 a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv)
10a. 200OK (SDP4 a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv)
10b. AAR
10c. AAA 11. IAM
10d. RAR Call is delivered to
10e. RAA Terminating side

10f. Bearer Resource Modification without QoS Update

10g. CCR-U
12.Ringback Tone generated by Terminating side
10d. 200OK (SDP4 10h. CCA-U 12. ACM (sub-free)
a=curr:qos local sendrecv;
a=curr:qos remote Because of asynchronous Rx signaling, Enable Early Media
sendrecv) Gx signaling could be happening at same now for UE1
time as STEP “10d”
14. 180 Ringing (No
SDP); PEM: sendonly 13. 180 Ringing (No SDP); PEM: sendonly
Since PEM is sendonly, no local
Ringback generated on receiving 180 15. ANM
Ringing 16a. 200OK
16b. 200OK
17a. ACK
17b. ACK
VoLTE O-CSCF/ SGW&PGW/ T-CSCF/ O-MGCF
PCRF Terminator
User TAS PCEF-IMS APN TAS
 cALL setup – CS/PSTN to VoLTE
SGW&PGW/PCEF-IMS T-MGCF GMSC
PCRF T-CSCF/TAS VoLTE UE
APN
HLR/TAS interaction to get
TLDN (IMRN)

1. IAM (TLDN)
2. IMS: SIP INVITE TLDN Supported: Preconditions, 100Rel, PEM;
SDP1 (Audio) a=curr:qos local sendrecv;a=curr:qos remote none
Setting on MGCF to have Preconditions set for outgoing SIP trunks

Term P-CSCF will NOT generate AAR This INVITE has local sendrecv &
now – configuration to generate AAR remote none since MGCF is acting
only on SDP answer as UAC and has reserved bearer
ports on MGW

3. IMS: SIP INVITE UE2 MSISDN

Resource Allocation
Supported: Preconditions, PEM, 100Rel;
Completed – can happen
SDP1 (Audio) a=curr:qos local sendrecv
anytime after receiving IAM
;a=curr:qos remote none

4. 183 Session Progress (SDP2 for Audio)

a=curr:qos local none; a=curr:qos remote
sendrecv; PEM: Not Authorized;
5. AAR a=conf:qos

7. RAR 6. AAA

8. RAA

9. Dedicated Bearer Setup for VoLTE UE (VoIP media/UM DRB/QCI_1) Because of asynchronous Rx signaling,
Gx signaling could be happening at same
10a. CCR-U
7. 183 Session Progress (SDP2 for Audio) time as STEP “7”
10b. CCA-U a=curr:qos local none; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv; PEM: inactive;
a=conf:qos

11a. PRACK/200OK

11b. PRACK/200OK

12a. Update (SDP3 a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote none)

Term P-CSCF will NOT generate AAR now –
configuration to generate AAR only on SDP
answer

12b. Update (SDP3 a=curr:qos local

sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote none)
Resource Allocation Completed
13a. 200OK (SDP4 a=curr:qos local
Since Rx & Gx signaling is not event based with
sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote sendrecv)
13b. AAR current software, even more important that 200OK is
send ONLY after resource allocation is completed.
13c. AAA
14a. RAR
14b. RAA Because of asynchronous Rx signaling,
Gx signaling could be happening at same
15. Bearer Resource Modification without QoS Update time as STEP “14a”
16a. CCR-U
14a. 200OK (SDP5 a=curr:qos local sendrecv; a=curr:qos remote
16b. CCA-U sendrecv)

Anytime after Step 13a: 180 Ringing (No

SDP); PEM: inactive

Alert User

180 Ringing (No SDP); PEM: inactive Ringback Tone

generated by
T-MGCF
Answer Call ACM
200OK

ANM
ACK

SGW&PGW/PCEF-IMS T-MGCF GMSC

PCRF T-CSCF/TAS VoLTE UE
APN