Final Research Proposal

by Jayson Pahimnayan

Submission date: 09-Mar-2018 07:03PM (UT C+0800)

Submission ID: 927771716
File name: RES290_FINAL_PAPER.docx (1,011.47K)
Word count: 15699
Character count: 86258
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dedication ........................................................................................................................................ i

Acknowledgment ............................................................................................................................ ii

Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iii

Chapter 1 – The Problem and Review of Related Literature .......................................................... 1

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1

Review of Related Literature .......................................................................................................... 8

Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 8

Related Readings ........................................................................................................................ 9

Related Literature (Local and Foreign)..................................................................................... 10

Hydrological Model .............................................................................................................. 10

ArcGIS .................................................................................................................................. 11

HEC-HMS............................................................................................................................. 13

Watershed Area ..................................................................................................................... 16

Peak Discharge...................................................................................................................... 19

Related Studies (Local and Foreign)......................................................................................... 21

Hydrological Model .............................................................................................................. 21

ArcGIS .................................................................................................................................. 21

HEC-HMS............................................................................................................................. 22
 v

Watershed Area ..................................................................................................................... 24

Peak Discharge...................................................................................................................... 25

Synthesis and Justification ........................................................................................................ 26

Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................................. 27

Conceptual Framework ................................................................................................................. 28

Statement of the Problem .............................................................................................................. 30

Hypothesis..................................................................................................................................... 30

Significance of the Study .............................................................................................................. 31

Scope and limitations .................................................................................................................... 33

Definition of Terms....................................................................................................................... 35

Chapter 2 – Methods ..................................................................................................................... 40

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 40

Phase 1: Data Collection ........................................................................................................... 40

Step 1: Collect Data such as Digital elevation model (DEM), Land Cover Map, and Soil Data

............................................................................................................................................... 40

Step 2: Gather Meteorologic and Hydrologic data ............................................................... 41

Step 3: On-site Data Gathering, identify potential surface water sources, and actual flow

measurement ......................................................................................................................... 41

Phase 2: Pre-Processing of Collected Information ................................................................... 43

Step 4: Data Handling and Processing .................................................................................. 43

 vi

Step 5: DEM Terrain Processing in ArcGIS and Watershed Area Delineation ................... 44

Step 6: HEC-GeoHMS Basin Processing, and Hydrologic Parameters Setup ..................... 46

Step 7: Mean Value Infilling Method for missing values in the dataset ............................... 47

Phase 3: Development and Evaluation of Hydrologic Model .................................................. 47

Step 8: Development of Hydrologic Models in HEC-HMS using processed data in ArcGIS

............................................................................................................................................... 48

Step 9: Calibration and Validation of Hydrologic Model ..................................................... 50

Step 10: Statistical Methods use for data processing, and simulated results vs observed data

............................................................................................................................................... 51

Phase 4: Peak Flow and Volume Estimation ............................................................................ 53

Step 11: Simulation of hydrologic models in different rain return periods: 5, 10, 25, 50 and

100-year ................................................................................................................................ 53

Step 12: Develop a Flow Duration Curve by Rainfall and Streamflow Method and Determine

the Dependable Flow for Design .......................................................................................... 53

Step 13: Estimate volume of water available and propose an appropriate water structure

design .................................................................................................................................... 56

Step 14: Evaluation and Conclusion ..................................................................................... 57

References ..................................................................................................................................... 58
 vii

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Benefit of Remote Sensing to Water Resources Engineers ............................................. 12

Table 1 Primary Data to be Collected and Source ........................................................................ 42

Table 2 Secondary Data to be Collected and Source .................................................................... 43

Table 3 Runoff Curve Numbers (Antecedent Moisture II, Ia = 0.2S) ........................................... 49

Table 4 Flow Duration Category .................................................................................................. 54

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Classification of Hydrologic Models according to randomness, space, and time .......... 11

Figure 2 Shows a sample of observed and simulated runoff hydrograph ..................................... 16

Figure 3 Schematic Sketch of a Watershed .................................................................................. 17

Figure 4 Conceptual Framework .................................................................................................. 29

APPENDICES

Appendix A Matrix of Related Literature

Appendix B Matrix of Related Studies

Appendix C Matrix of Methodology

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APPENDIX A - MATRIX OF RELATED LITERATURE

Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
Choudhari et.al. Utilized HEC-HMS Utilized HEC-HMS
to simulate the to determine the
runoff hydrograph peak flow of the
of Balijore Nala Nala watershed.
Watershed and
established a
satisfactory result
of peak flow and
runoff depth.
Devi et.al. The inputs for
hydrological
modeling includes
rainfall data,
drainage area, and
watershed
characteristics such
as soil properties,
vegetation cover,
watershed
topography, and
aquifer
characteristics.
Salih & Hamid Hydrologic models GIS is a software is
are intended to used for
describe and environmental
represent the modeling procedure
behavior between including terrain
the input and the analysis, multi-
layer modeling,
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
output of the tabulate data,
system. network, and areal
analysis, and
displays image and
graphic results.
Chow et.al. Hydrologic Models The hydrograph is
Classification these an essential
are the physical expression of
model and abstract climatic
model. characteristics and
physiographic that
directs the relations
among runoff and
rainfall of a
drainage basin.
Desta et.al. Watershed have
different
meteorological and
hydrologic
parameters such as
climatic condition
in which may not
be uniform in an
area.
Feldman HEC-HMS
developed by the
US Army Corps of
Engineers, is a
software that
simulate hydrologic
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
processes of
watershed system.
Fercher et.al. Evaluates the effect
of land changes on
the peak discharge
using different
return periods, and
different scenarios
i.e. past, present,
and future.
Indian Institute of GIS is useful to
Technology planners including
water resources
engineer, since all
the data are stored
and can easily
accessed with
computer.
Gianfagna et.al. Estimated the flows
of the ungauged
watershed using
watershed area
ratio.
Gumindoga, GIS and remote
Rwasoka, Nhapi, & sensing techniques
Dube are used in the
delineation of the
catchment area by
using a digital
elevation model
(DEM)
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
Gumindoga, HEC-HMS
Makurira, Phiri, & simulates runoff to
Nhapi several sub-
catchment areas
(gauged and
ungauged) to
established runoff
volume and peak
flow for each sub-
catchment.
Halwatura & Najim The study used 3
different simulation
model and chose
the most
appropriate model
for the watershed.
Thus the most
reliable model is
the Snyder Unit
hydrograph
method, it is said to
be the most
efficient in
simulating
ungauged
catchment.
Heathcote GIS can be used to Defined watershed
plot rainfall data in as “a narrow-
the watershed area elevated tract of
and interpolate land dividing two
(2) drainage basins”
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
precipitation data or “thin line
between the gauges. separating the water
flowing into two
different rivers.”
Nyamathi & The unit The hydrograph
Brunda hydrograph (UH) is and peak flow is
commonly used for important in the
evaluating flood, it planning and design
varies on the shape, of water
slope and size of a development
watershed . projects.
Raghunath A unit hydrograph
is characterized as
direct runoff
hydrograph that
produced from a
unit depth of
rainfall that
uniformly occurs
over the catchment
area.
Subramanya Watershed area is The peak flow
an area of land occurrence and
where all streams or hydrograph slope
water course drains are affected by the
to a given location watershed shape
or outlet along a
stream channel.
Briones et.al. A study conducted
in Palico, Batangas
utilized the Soil and
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
Water Assessment
Tool (SWAT)
model in the
assessment of the
effect of land use
and land cover on
the hydrologic
characteristics of
watershed.
Boongalinga et.al. Used GIS to HEC-HMS, Watershed Area of
determine the together with HEC- Calumpang is
spatial changes in RAS, was used to delineated using
the landscape assess the and enter the
pattern of vulnerability of landscape pattern in
Calumpang flooding in the hydrologic
Watershed. Mabitac, Laguna. model.
Pati et.al. Study conducted in HEC-HMS, Utilized GIS to Simulated the peak
Mabitac and Sta. together with HEC- generate the discharge using
Maria, Laguna, RAS, was used to necessary datasets HEC-RAS. The
utilized GIS in the assess the including the peak flow of
flood modeling and vulnerability of catchment area for different river
hazard mapping of flooding in Mabitac flood modeling. network rises as the
the study area. and Sta. Maria, rainfall intensity is
Laguna. increased.
Santillan et.al. The impact of land
cover change was
described and
estimated using the
SCS-CN hydrologic
model.
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
Toda et.al. GIS can be used to HEC-HMS was
spatially interpolate used in flood
data across the area modeling by
of study, and determining the
generate zone map peak flow of flood
by overlaying at different return
different map periods.
layers.
APPENDIX B - MATRIX OF RELATED STUDIES

Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
Scharffenberg et.al The HEC-HMS is a
software-based tool
used for simulating
the hydrologic
cycle through an
engineering
approach.
Sun For ungauged A study conducted The streamflow
watershed to in Soap Creek data according to is
calibrate its model, Watershed used an important
transfer of HEC-HMS to parameter in
hydrologic assess the modeling the
parameters from effectiveness of watershed. The
nearby gauged to existing flood gauged watershed
ungauged control structures. transfer the
catchment is to be parameter to Soap
performed. Creek watershed in
order to produce a
streamflow
generated value.
Udhavrao Proven that HEC-
HMS was an
effective tool in
runoff estimation in
his study.
Heimhuber Used HEC-
geoHMS and HEC-
geoRAS in
processing all the
 Hydrological
Author ArcGIS HEC-HMS Watershed Area Peak Discharge
Model
input needed for
modeling.
Larson Utilized GIS in Used HEC-HMS in
watershed modeling the
delineation and surface runoff of
calculation for Great Dismal
different hydrologic Swamp National
parameters. Wildfire Refuge by
SCS-CN
hydrological
method.
Acqua Integra Utilized GIS Use the watershed The streamflow
Consult Inc. software to create or catchment area estimated at the
maps and assess in in the determination identified extraction
in the calculation of of total runoff point will be used
catchment area, in the planning and
slope, and longest design for a water
path supply project.
Dizon Used GIS software Digital Elevation
to cretea maps and Model (DEM) and
calculation of the GIS software was
catchment area. used to delineates
the watershed area
of the rivers
APPENDIX C - MATRIX OF METHODOLOGY

Data Gathering Data Gathering Statistical

Phase / Steps Research Setting Respondents
Procedure Instrument Treatment
Phase 1: Data Collection
Step 1: Collect Data The data will be
To gather the
such as Digital collected to
required data, a
elevation model different
letter of request
(DEM), Land government
shall be presented
Cover Map, and agencies such as
to the concern
Soil Data NAMRIA, and
government entity
BSWM.
To gather the
Step 2: Gather required data, a
The data will be
Meteorologic and letter of request
collected in
Hydrologic data shall be presented
PAGASA and BRS.
to the concern
government entity
Ocular inspection
and data gathering
Step 3: On-site The onsite data
on-site shall be
Data Gathering, gathering will be GPS
carried out to know
identify potential conducted in Camera
the current
surface water Pongso and Measuring Device
condition of the
sources, and actual Cabayugan River (Tape Measure)
study area. The
flow measurement which is located in Flow Meter
location, width and
Jaro, Leyte.
depth of the river,
and the flow.
Phase 2: Pre-Processing of Collected Information
Step 4: Data Data collected will
Handling and be stored in Microsoft Excel,
Processing Microsoft Excel and ArcGIS
platform. ArcGIS
 Data Gathering Data Gathering Statistical
Phase / Steps Research Setting Respondents
Procedure Instrument Treatment
will be used to
digitized the digital
format file (jpeg
and png).
HEC-GeoHMS will
be utilized to
Step 5: DEM generate various
Terrain Processing hydrologic
Extension of
in ArcGIS and parameters using
ArcGIS HEC-
Watershed Area DEM data such as
GeoHMS
Delineation river basin
boundaries, river
networks,
watershed area, etc.
Plot the location of
the rivers to be
study. Generate the
sub-basin at the
extraction point.
Step 6: HEC- Then determine
GeoHMS Basin various watershed
Extension of
Processing, and characteristics
ArcGIS HEC-
Hydrologic including area, river
GeoHMS
Parameters Setup length, slope,
longest flow path,
centroid location,
centroid elevation,
and centroid flow
path.
 Data Gathering Data Gathering Statistical
Phase / Steps Research Setting Respondents
Procedure Instrument Treatment
The mean value
infilling method
Step 7: Mean Value
will be employed to
Infilling Method for Mean and standard
fill-in those months
missing values in deviation.
with missing data,
the dataset
while the months
without record will
be excluded.
Phase 3: Development and Evaluation of Hydrologic Model
The SCS-CN
method, Clark’s
Step 8:
UH, Exponential
Development of
Recession, and
Hydrologic Models
Muskingum
in HEC-HMS using HEC-HMS
Method are the
processed data in
processes to be
ArcGIS
used in HEC-HMS.
The required input
will be provided.
The resulting
hydrograph will be
Step 9: Calibration compared to the
and Validation of observed
HEC-HMS
Hydrologic Model hydrograph to
evaluate how it fits
to the actual or
observed values
Step 10: Statistical The rainfall and
Methods use for streamflow data are Mean and Standard
data processing, processed by Deviation
and simulated calculating the
 Data Gathering Data Gathering Statistical
Phase / Steps Research Setting Respondents
Procedure Instrument Treatment
results vs observed means and standard Pearson’s
data deviation. For the Correlation
rainfall and Analysis
streamflow Error Function
correlation analysis Methods such as
will be performed. RMSE.
And error function
methods will be
done for the
simulated and
observed values.
Phase 4: Peak Flow and Volume Estimation
Step 11: Simulation Simulation of the
of hydrologic model using
models in different different return
rain return periods: periods to HEC-HMS
5, 10, 25, 50 and determine the
100-year outflow
hydrograph.
In preparing FDC,
Step 12: Develop a the daily
Flow Duration streamflow data
Curve by Rainfall will be arranged in
and Streamflow decreasing order
Method and and each Microsoft Excel
Determine the streamflow is
Dependable Flow assigned a rank and
for Design a corresponding
exceedance
probability using
 Data Gathering Data Gathering Statistical
Phase / Steps Research Setting Respondents
Procedure Instrument Treatment
the Weibull plotting
position.
The volume can be
estimated by
multiplying the
flow yield or the
Step 13: Estimate
flow after
volume of water
deducting other
available and
factors to the time.
propose an
Estimate required
appropriate water
minimum reservoir
structure design
using different
method: HEC-HMS
and Sequent peak
analysis.

Summary of the
Step 14: Evaluation results and findings
and Conclusion of the different
approach and
methods.
 Hydrologic Modeling of Potential Surface Water
Resources using ArcGIS and HEC-HMS in Jaro, Leyte
ABSTRACT CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This study addresses the current issues

of water availability in our country. PHASE 1: DATA COLLECTION
Philippines has vast water resources, STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3
however, due to many factors Collect Data such as Digital
elevation model (DEM), Land
Gather Meteorologic and
Hydrologic data
On-site Data Gathering, identify
potential surface water sources,
Preliminary and
Secondary Data
including human-activities, and Cover Map, and Soil Data and actual flow measurement

climate change this sources are

decrease and water-related problem
arises. PHASE 2: PRE-PROCESSING OF COLLECTED INFORMATION

STEP 4 STEP 5 STEP 6 STEP 7

Input data for
This study is intended to do a Data Handling and
Processing
DEM Terrain Processing
in ArcGIS and Watershed
HEC-GeoHMS Basin
Processing, and
Mean Value Infilling
Method for missing Hydrologic
Modeling
hydrologic study in Pongso and Area Delineation Hydrologic Parameters
Setup
values in the dataset

Cabayugan River. The hydrologic

model can be used to have better
understanding of the watershed and
the hydrologic data generated from the PHASE 3: DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF HYDROLOGIC MODEL

model can be used for water resource STEP 8 STEP 9 STEP 10 Generated
Development of Hydrologic Calibration and Validation of Statistical Methods use for data Discharge and
planning, management, and design. Models in HEC-HMS using Hydrologic Model processing, and simulated results Graph
processed data in ArcGIS vs observed data

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
PHASE 4: PEAK FLOW AND VOLUME ESTIMATION

This study aims to develop a STEP 11 STEP 12 STEP 13 STEP 14

Simulation of hydrologic Develop a Flow Duration Estimate volume of Evaluation and Flow, Volume,
hydrological model of potential models in different rain Curve by Rainfall and water available and Conclusion. Mean and Water
return periods: 5, 10, 25, Streamflow Method and propose an appropriate Value Infilling Method
surface water resources using ArcGIS 50 and 100-year Determine the water structure design for missing values in
Availability of
each river.
Dependable Flow for the dataset
and HEC-HMS in Jaro, Leyte. Design

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

1.Assess the baseline condition of the identified sources based on its meteorological and hydrologic information.
2.Determine the watershed area for each river using ArcGIS.
3.Establish a hydrologic model at each river and optimize the model using the observed values from a gauged
river.
4.Estimate the peak flow of each river using different return periods and calculate the volume of water yield at
each watershed which can be utilize in the planning and design of water development projects.

METHODOLOGY

A detailed step on how this study will be completed is shown in the conceptual framework diagram. The data
needed are listed on each steps and how it is processed. HEC-HMS and ArcGIS software will be used in the
processing and model development. The results of the simulation will be calibrated. The methods to determine the
flow and volume are discussed in the paper.

Prepared By:
Engr. Jayson S. Pahimnayan
Final Research Proposal
ORIGINALITY REPORT

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Ciliwung River, Jakarta, Indonesia", Water,
2016
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