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The first states that, energy can be transformed from one class to
another, but it cannot be destroyed. For example, light energy
from the sun is transformed into chemical energy in the process
of photosynthesis.
The second law indicates that when moving from one form of
energy to another, a part of that energy is lost in the form of heat.
Therefore, any change from one form of energy to another
produces a heat loss.
Of all the solar energy that reaches the terrestrial surface, only a small
part, between 0.1% and 1% is incorporated to the producing organisms
or autotrophs
Living beings require matter and energy to carry out their vital
processes. All the energy used by living beings comes from the sun,
which is transformed and no longer used by themselves, since the
energy that crosses an ecosystem is unidirectional, that is, flows in one
direction, which goes from the producers to The consumers, to pass
finally, to the decomposers
The producing organisms transform the solar energy into
chemical energy through photosynthesis, leaving this energy
retained in the organic molecules.
Matter passes from one form to another, even when these beings
die because the decomposers do everything and convert it into
simple inorganic molecules that can then be reused by the plants
along with the carbon of the air, the sunlight and the water that
Absorbed by its roots to begin again this whole process.