AMA Computer College

Cavite Campus
Governor Tower 1, Gov. Drive, Langkaan 1, Dasmarinas City, Cavite

Research Output

Date: Section: T1A

Name of Proponent(s) Banda Brandon
Bulos Jacquilene
Cuenca AJ
De Lima Dherric Joshua
Hipolito Juan Raphael
Morelos Micov
Ortiz Aldrich Kiel
Patricio Regie
Roces Gelie Ann
Title Efficiency of the Implementation of Garbage Segregation

Process in the City of Trece Martires as Perceived by Selected

Residents of Barangays

Chapter 1 – Introduction

Nowadays, The Filipinos are suffering environmental dilemmas such as diseases,

flashfloods and global warming. One of the causes of these problem is the misbehavior

and irresponsible of the people towards proper segregation. Some people are reckless in

throwing their wastes. They do not think of the possible results of their actions on the

environment as well as on health of the population.

In Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 RA 9003 describes solid waste

management as a disciplined associated with the control of generation, collection, disposal

of solid waste.
 The Act provides for a comprehensive ecological solid waste management program by

creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives. This program ensures the

protection of public health and the environment.

Waste Management is responsible for waste collection, managing and monitoring

of waste materials. Practices of developing nations for urban and rural areas. Every individual

should take the responsibility of managing their wastes properly. They must to pay attention

to waste segregation and public awareness campaigns for environment protection. Therefore,

it is necessary to encourage the people to be part of this campaign and protecting our

environment through proper management. Regarding of this study entitled Efficiency of the

Implementation of Garbage Segregation Process in the City of Trece Martires as Perceived

by Selected Residents of Barangays aims to know how the city of Trece Martires managing

their waste.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the efficiency of proper segregation of garbages in the

City of Trece Martires. Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the existing regulation for the segregation of garbages in Selected

Residents of Barangays of Trece Martires City?

2. What local institutions are in charge for the implementation of segregation

process?
3. How do the local institutions carry out the roles for implementing the segregation

process?

4. How efficient is the segregation process?

Purpose/Objective of the Study

The Researchers want to know how efficient proper segregation of garbages in the City

of Trece Martires is:

1. to determine the existing implementation for segregation of garbages in

Selected Residents of Barangays of Trece Martires City.

2. to determine the local institutions are in charge for the implementation of

segregation process.

3. to determine how the local institutions, carry out the roles for implementing

the segregation process.

4. to determine how efficient the segregation process is.

Significance of the Study

The study of the Efficiency of the Implementation of Garbage Segregation Process

in the City of Trece Martires as Perceived by Selected Residents of Barangays, provides brief

description on the various significance that can help also to broaden the programs that City

of Trece Martires implements. This study will benefit to the following:

To the office of Trece Martires, the proposed study will serve as reference or guide

to the city officials and personnel that the programs that they are making is enough to maintain

the cleanliness of their surroundings. This proposed study will mirror the activities and

programs that city officials are making to know the effectiveness of their practices.
 To the constituents, the proposed study will help the constituents of the city to have

a deeper understanding to the programs that their city officials are making. By this proposed

study they will come up easier and they powerful programs that the city would conduct.

To the future researchers, the proposed study will benefit and help the future

researchers as their guide on how they going to do when they encountered this kind of study

or this kind of research. They will easily understand their study if it is related to this study

that gathered by the researchers.

Scope and Limitation

This research mainly focuses on the segregation practices in the City of Trece

Martires. In this research, a case study of garbage segregation in Trece Martires City.

This research will carry out to ensure whether that the practice of garbage

segregation has been implemented in Trece Martires City. Besides that, to investigate the

current trend of the garbage segregation in the said city to find out the method that provides

smooth flow of process. This research will carry out by questionnaires that will be given to

Selected Residents of Barangays of Trece Martires City.

The targets of the respondents are mainly focus on Selected Residents of

Barangays and officials of city who conduct the segregation programs and has the experiences

and knowledge regarding to the garbage segregation like garbage collectors.

Hypothesis

It was hypotesized that the implementation of the garbage segregation in the city of

Trece Martires is to lessen the waste of the city, and for the efficiency of the garbage

segregation that if the garbages are already segregated the garbages are lesser and it’s easier

for the collectors to collect the garbages.

Definition of Terms

Constituents

This are the people who live in Trece Martires City and they will respond to this study.

Garbage Segregation

It is the separation of wet and dry wastes.

Implementation

It is process of conducting a program in a particular place.

Perception

The perception of constituents in the city of Trece Martires through garbage segregation.

Practices

Activities and programs that City of Tece Martires implements

Recycle

The process of changing the waste and non-useable materials into potentially useful materials

Reduce

It is a process to loss the wastes to help the environment.

Reuse

It is a process for replacing few things to use from garbages.

Rules

Guides to the constituents of Trece Martires City for implementing the segregation process.

Waste Management

It is a program of collection, recycling and monitoring of wastes.

Conceptual Framework

City Regulation on
Garbage Segregation

Waste Management
Practices

Reduce Reuse Recycle

Constituents Duties and

Responsibility

Figure 1. The city of Trece Martires made a regulation to lessen or to make the garbage

segregation and collection easier by implementing waste management practices that is all

about the 3R's or the reduce, reuse, and to recycle that the constituents must follow every

garbage collection, it's their duty and responsibility to lessen the waste.
Chapter 2 – Review of Related Literature

This chapter includes the review of related literature and studies which the researchers

have perused to shed light on the topic under study.

Foreign Literature

Most of the developing countries consist of mainly two Systems of handling

waste. The first is a formal system which is managed by the government. It normally

involves the cities, municipalities whereby the municipality has the responsibility to

ensure safe reliable and cost-effective collection and final disposal of solid waste.

This often requires large financial resources than in most cases allocated on the

public budget therefore making it almost impractical to deal with the extent of the

problem of waste management. (gombya, 2000)

In addition, this type of system is frequently characterized as inefficient and

expensive. The second is the informal system which engages mainly private dealers

such as communities of scavengers and private associations, they represent a

significant part of the economy as they recognize the potential part of certain

materials such as plastic, bottles, paper, and cans for domestic purposes. In some

areas this operation includes charging some amount of money to residents for

picking up their garbage. The involvement in municipal waste includes

collecting, sorting, recycling and selling waste. (unido, 2003)

 The two systems however are subjected to having very little interference and

cooperation in all aspects of waste handling making the problem of waste

management even worse and persistent. (mungure, 2008)

A master’s Thesis by Julianne Mungure entitled governance and community

participation in Municipal Solid Waste management case of Arusha and Dar es

Salaam Tanzania the author cited a study from world Bank, According to the World Bank

estimates of (1992), between 0.7 and 1.8kg per capita of waste is produced every day in

developed countries’ urban areas and approximately 0.4 0.9kg is produced in the cities of

developing countries.

“In 1992 the World Bank has identified that solid waste is one of the

three major environmental problems faced by most municipalities in Malaysia. The amount

of solid waste generated went up from 17,000 tons per day in 2002 to 19,100 tons in 2005,

an average of 0.8kilogram per capita per day. Currently, over 23,000 ton of waste is

produced each day in Malaysia. However, this amount is expected to rise to 30,000 ton by

the year 2020. In the state of Selangor alone, waste generated in 1997 was over 3000t/day

and the amount of waste is expected to rise up to 5700t/day in the year 2017”. (Global

Environment Center Malaysia, 2000

The amount of waste generated continues to increase due to growing population and

increasing development. Modern lifestyle of the Malaysian has led to more acute

waste problems, convenience products generally require more packaging, careless habits
associated with greater affluence lead to greater quantities of waste, as demonstrated by

discarded wrappers from the inevitable fast food outlet, and the modern-day waste contains

a higher proportion of non-degradable materials such as plastics.

“Despite the massive amount and complexity of waste produced, the standards of

waste management in Malaysia are still poor. These include outdated and poor

documentation of waste generation rates and its composition, inefficient storage and

collection systems, disposal of municipal wastes with toxic and hazardous waste,

indiscriminate disposal or dumping of wastes and inefficient utilization of disposal site

space. Litter at the roadside, drains clogged up with rubbish and rivers filled with filthy

garbage definitely indicate that solid waste is a major environmental problem in Malaysia”.

(Cornerstone Content Management System. Solid Waste in Malaysia, 2002)

Their situation has been and will be reducing their environmental capacity to sustain

life. If the present rate of solid-waste production goes on without effective supervision and

disposal methods, there will be a substantial negative impact on the quality of their

environment. Furthermore, the lack of awareness and knowledge among Malaysian

community about solid waste management (SWM) issues and being ignorant about the

effect that improper SWM has to them has worsened the problem.

However, since 2007 environmental awareness is building up within the Malaysian

government as well as in consumers’ minds. The government has adopted a National

Strategic Plan for Solid Waste Management with emphasis on the upgrading of unsanitary
landfills as well as the construction of new sanitary landfills and transfer stations with

integrated material recovery facilities. A new Solid Waste Management Bill was adopted by

parliament in June2007. The bill is to drastically change the structure of solid waste

management in Malaysia and to open for the development of a completely new business

sector. New concessions on domestic waste management will be introduced, as well as

recycling, and handling of specific types of solid waste like plastic, paper etc. is highlighted.

Solid waste management is a priority area under the 9th Malaysian Plan, as can be seen by

the government setting up a Solid Waste Department which is entrusted to enforce the Solid

Waste Management Bill. (Asmawati Desa,2012)

A detailed investigation was made regarding the methods of practices associated with

sources, quantity generated, collection, transportation, storage, treatment and disposal of

Municipal solid waste in Mysore City. The data concerning to SWM in Mysore was obtained

through questionnaire, individual field visit, interacting with people and authentic record of

municipal corporation. Photographic evidences were also made about generation, storage,

collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of MSW. This study reveals that the

present system of MSWM in Mysore City is not satisfactory based on Municipal Solid

Waste Management & Handling Rules 2000 (Chandra, et al., 2009).

 Another case study across North America conducted by whoilistic Environmental

Consulting (WEC, 2007), yard and food waste make up over a quarter of all the ordinary

garbage we throw away. That's 25% by weight. In the U.S., that 25% is almost equally

divided between yard waste (32.6 million tons, or 12.8% of all MSW) and food scraps (31.7

million tons, or 12.5%). And then there's all the other organic stuff that could be composted:

all the clothing, towels, and bedding made of organic fibers, plus wood, old furniture and

sawdust. Then there's paper, which at 83 million tons accounts for another 30% of municipal

solid waste. As of 2006, the latest year for which figures are available, over 64% of the yard

waste we throw away was recovered and composted, as was 54.5% of the paper and

cardboard. Only 2.6% of food waste reached a compost heap.

Local Studies

The experiences and practices of household waste management of people in a

barangay (village) in Manila, Philippines are documented. The data were gathered through

an interview with household members using open-ended questions. Interviews were also

conducted with garbage collectors as well as scavengers. Results showed that the households

generated an average of 3.2 kg of solid waste per day, or 0.50 kg/capita/day. The types of

wastes commonly generated are food/kitchen wastes, papers, PET bottles, metals, and cans,

boxes/cartons, glass bottles, cellophane/plastics, and yard/garden wastes. The respondents

segregate their wastes into PET bottles, glass bottles, and other waste (mixed wastes). No

respondents perform composting. It is worth noting, however, that

 burning of waste is not done by the respondents. The households rely on garbage

collection by the government. Collection is done twice daily, except Sundays, and household

members bring their garbage when the garbage truck arrives. However, there are those who

dump their garbage in non-designated pick-up points, usually in a corner of the street.

The dumped garbage becomes a breeding ground for disease-causing organisms. Some

household respondents said that it is possible that the dumping in certain areas caused the dengue

fever suffered by some of their family members. Mothers and household helpers are responsible

for household waste management. Scavengers generally look for recyclable items in the dumped

garbage. All of them said that it is their only source of income, which is generally not enough

for their meals. Most of the respondents said that garbage collection and disposal is the

responsibility of the government. The results of the study showed that RA 9003, also known as

the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, is not fully implemented in Metro Manila

(Bernardo, 2008).

This study highlights the results of the study that was conducted to analyze the solid waste

management practices of the waste generators, and the extent of their compliance with the

Republic Act 9003, otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.

The study was conducted in Bacolod City, Philippines in 2007. The findings of this study served

as basis in developing a handbook on solid waste management (Ballados, 2010).

Chapter 3 – Methodology

Research Design

The research design refers to the overall strategy that the researchers choose to integrate

the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring the

researchers will effectively address the research problem; it constitutes the blueprint for the

collection, measurement and analysis of data.

The researchers will use Cross-sectional design under quantitative research design, a

Cross-sectional design about Garbage Segregation Process in the City of Trece Martires. It may

use to determine how does the city of Trece Martires complies with the rules and regulations.

Sampling Procedure

Sampling is a process or technique of choosing sub-group from a population to

participate in the study; it is the process of selecting several individuals for a study in such a

way that the individuals selected represent the large group from which they were selected.

The researchers will use stratified procedure for selecting sample in this study. It is a

sampling technique in which researchers will relies on their own judgement when choosing

members of population to participate in the study.

The target respondents of the researchers are those constituents that has the experience

and knowledge regarding to the garbage segregation like garbage collectors.

Participants of the Study

A research participant, also called a human subject or an experiment, trial or study

participant or subject, is a person who participates to the study by being the target of observation

by researchers. The researchers choose the Garbage Segregation Process in the City of Trece

Martires to be the center of the study and to conduct the study about segregation process. The

participants of this study are the constituents of Trece Martires City, those participants who are

willing to speak about their experience based on the researcher’s topic.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will secure the written permission to the office of Trece Martires

City. After the approval of permit, the researchers will personally interview the selected

constituents and employees that has knowledge or familiarity about doing garbage

segregation. Each respondent will be given two minutes to answer the questions of the

researchers. The collected data will be tabulated and interpreted by the researchers promptly.

Research Instrument

Instrument is the general term that researchers use for a measurement device

(survey, test, questionnaires, etc.). In this study, the researchers will conduct through survey.

The researchers will use this to know their desire answer and information. By that, the

researchers will have enough knowledge and deep understanding about the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data

The data to be gathered in this study will be subjected to the following statistical

treatment:

The frequency of each response will be determined on the number of the respondents

who will check in the item. The demographic profile of the respondents will be determined by

using the formula of percentage.

𝐹 𝑥 60
Formula: P=
𝑁

Legend:

Where: P = Percentage

F = Frequency

N = Total Number of Respondents