Crim%Law%1%–%Atty.

%Brady%De%Castro%
ELEMENTS%LIST%–%Midterms%
Laine%Lumanog%1D%
 Characteristics*of*Criminal*Law:*  Elements*of*Voluntariness*
1. General% 1. Freedom%
2. Territorial% 2. Intelligence%%
3. Prospective% 3. Intent%to%do%the%act%
% %
 Exceptions*to*General*application*of*the*RPC:*  Requisites*for*Dolo*
1. Treaties% 1. Freedom%
2. Laws%of%Preferential%Application% 2. Intelligence%
 Ambassadors% 3. Criminal%Intent%
 Public%Ministers% %
 Domestic%servants%of%ambassadors%and%public%  Requisites*for*Culpa*
ministers% 1. Freedom%
• Except:% 2. Intelligence%
o Person%is%a%citizen%of%the%RP% 3. Negligence,%imprudence,%lack%of%foresight,%lack%of%skill%
o Not%registered%with%the%Dept.%of% %
Foreign%Affairs%  Requisites*of*Mistake*of*Fact*(LIF)*
3. Principles%of%Public%International%Law% 1. The%act%done%would%have%been%lawful%had%the%facts%been%as%the%
 Sovereigns%&%other%chief%of%states% accused%believed%them%to%be%
 Ambassadors,%minister%plenipotentiary,%resident% 2. The%intention%of%the%accused%in%performing%the%acts%should%be%
ministers%&%charges%d’affaires% lawful%
3. The%mistake%must%be%without%fault%or%carelessness%on%the%part%of%
ARTICLE*2* the%accused%

 Extraterritorial*Crimes* ARTICLE*4*
1. Should%commit%an%offense%while%on%a%Philippine%ship%or%airship%
2. Should%forge%or%counterfeit%any%coin%or%currency%note%of%the%  Types*of*Error/*Mistake*
Philippines%or%obligations%and%securities%issued%by%the% 1. Error%in%Personae%–%mistake%in%the%identity%
Government%of%the%Philippines%Islands% 2. Abberatio%Ictus%–%mistake%in%blow%
3. Should%be%liable%for%acts%connected%with%the%introduction%into% 3. Praeter%Intentionem%–%injurious%result%is%greater%
theses%Islands%of%the%obligations%and%securities%mentioned%in%the% %
preceding%number% %
4. While%being%public%officers%or%employees%should%commit%an% %
offense%in%the%exercise%of%their%functions;%or%  Requisites*of*Impossible*Crime*(OIAV)*
5. Should%commit%any%of%the%crimes%against%national%security%and% 1. That%the%act%done%would%be%an%offense%against%persons%or%
the%law%of%nations,%defined%in%Title%1%of%Book%2%of%the%RPC% property%
2. That%the%act%was%done%with%evil%intent%
% 3. That%its%accomplishment%is%inherently%impossible%or%that%the%
means%employed%is%either%inadequate%or%ineffectual%
ARTICLE*3* 4. The%act%performed%should%not%constitute%a%violation%of%another%
provision%of%the%RPC%
 Elements*of*a*Felony*
1. There%must%be%an%act%or%omission% ARTICLE*6*
2. The%act%or%omission%must%be%punishable%y%the%RPC%
3. The%act%is%performed%or%the%omission%incurred%by%means%of%  Consummated*FelonyZ%when%all%elements%necessary%for%its%execution%and%
deceit%(dolo)%or%fault%(culpa)% accomplishment%are%present%
%  Frustrated*Felony*(AFNW)*
Crim%Law%1%–%Atty.%Brady%De%Castro%
ELEMENTS%LIST%–%Midterms%
Laine%Lumanog%1D%
1. Offender%performs%all%the%acts%of%execution% ARTICLE*10*
2. All%the%acts%performed%would%produce%the%felony%as%a%
consequence%  Exceptions*to*Suppletory*function*of*the*RPC*to*special*laws:*
3. But%the%felony%is%not%produced% 1. Where%the%special%law%provides%otherwise%
4. By%reason%of%causes%independent%of%the%will%of%the%perpetrator% 2. When%the%provisions%of%the%RPC%are%impossible%of%application,%
 Attempted*Felony*(ONS)* either%by%express%provision%or%by%necessary%implication%
1. The%offender%commences%the%omission%of%the%felony%directly%by% %
overt%acts%  Requisites*of*SelfWDefense:*
2. He%does%not%perform%all%the%acts%of%execution%which%should% 1. Unlawful%aggression%
produce%the%felony% 2. Reasonable%necessity%of%the%means%employed%to%prevent%or%repel%
3. The%nonZperformance%of%all%acts%of%execution%was%due%to%a%cause% it%
or%accident%other%than%the%offender’s%own%spontaneous% 3. Lack%of%sufficient%provocation%on%the%part%of%the%person%
desistance% defending%himself%
%
ARTICLE*8*  Cyclone*of*Violence*(BWS)*
1. Tension%building%phase%
 Requisites*of*Conspiracy* 2. Acute%battering%incident%
1. 2%or%more%persons%came%to%an%agreement% 3. Tranquil,%loving%phase%
2. That%the%agreement%pertains%to%the%commission%of%a%felony% %
3. That%the%execution%of%the%felony%was%decided%upon%  Requisites*of*Defense*of*Relative:*
% 1. Unlawful%aggression%
 Requisites*of*Proposal* 2. Reasonable%necessity%of%the%means%employed%to%prevent%or%repel%
1. That%a%person%has%decided%to%commit%a%felony% it%
2. That%he%proposes%its%execution%to%some%other%person%or%persons% 3. In%case%the%provocation%was%given%by%the%person%attacked,%the%
one%making%the%defense%had%no%part%therein%
ARTICLE*9* %
 Requisites*of*Defense*of*Stranger:**
 Afflictive*Penalties:* 1. Unlawful%aggression%
1. Reclusion%Perpetua% 2. Reasonable%necessity%of%the%means%employed%to%prevent%or%repel%
2. Reclusion%temporal% it%
3. Perpetual%or%temporary%absolute%disqualification% 3. The%person%defending%himself%was%not%induced%by%revenge,%
4. Perpetual%or%temporary%special%disqualification% resentment%or%other%evil%motive%%
5. Prision%mayor% %
6. Fines%more%than%P6000%  Avoidance*of*greater*evil*or*injury*(EIP)*
% 1. That%the%evil%sought%to%be%avoided%actually%exists%
 Correctional*Penalties* 2. That%the%injury%feared%be%greater%than%that%done%to%avoid%it%
1. Prision%correcional% 3. There%be%no%practical%or%less%harmful%means%of%preventing%it%
2. Arresto%mayor% %
3. Suspension%  Fulfillment*of*duty*or*lawful*exercise*of*right*or*office*(DN)*
4. Destierro% 1. That%the%accused%acted%in%the%performance%of%a%duty%or%in%the%
5. Fines%more%than%P200% lawful%exercise%of%a%right%or%office%
% 2. That%the%injury%caused%or%the%offense%committed%be%the%
 Light*felonies* necessary%consequence%of%the%performance%of%duty%or%the%due%
1. Arresto%menor% performance%of%duty%or%the%lawful%exercise%of%such%right%or%office%
2. Fines%equal%to%P200% %
Crim%Law%1%–%Atty.%Brady%De%Castro%
ELEMENTS%LIST%–%Midterms%
Laine%Lumanog%1D%
 Obedience*to*an*order*issued*by*a*superior*for*some*lawful*purpose*
(SLM)*
1. That%an%order%has%been%issued%by%a%superior%
2. That%such%order%must%be%for%some%lawful%purpose%%
3. That%the%means%used%by%the%subordinate%to%carry%out%the%said%
order%is%lawful%

ARTICLE*12*

 Accident*without*fault*or*intention*of*causing*it*(LDAF)*
1. A%person%is%performing%a%lawful%act%
2. With%due%care%
3. But%causes%injury%to%another%by%mere%accident%
4. Without%fault%or%intention%of%causing%it%
 A*person*who*acts*under*the*compulsion*of*an*irresistible*force*(PIT)*
1. That%the%compulsion%is%by%means%of%physical%force%
2. That%the%physical%force%must%be%irresistible%
3. That%the%physical%force%must%come%from%a%third%person%
%
 Uncontrollable*fear*(GS)*
1. That%the%threat%which%causes%the%fear%is%of%an%evil%greater%than%or%
at%least%equal%to%that%which%he%is%required%to%commit%
2. That%it%promises%an%evil%of%such%gravity%and%imminence%that%the%
ordinary%man%would%have%succumbed%to%it%
%
 Insuperable*cause*(RFL)*
1. That%an%act%is%required%by%law%to%be%done%
2. That%a%person%fails%to%perform%such%act%
3. That%his%failure%to%perform%such%act%was%due%to%some%lawful%or%
insuperable%cause%
%
Doctrine*of*Pro*Reo%–%when%a%circumstance%is%susceptible%to%two%interpretations%
one%favorable%to%the%accused%and%the%other%against%him,%that%interpretation%favorable%
to%him%shall%prevail.%%
ZPenal%laws%must%be%construed%in%favor%of%the%accused.%
%
Equipoise*Rule%–%Where%the%evidence%admits%of%two%interpretations,%one%of%which%is%
consistent%with%guilt,%and%the%other%with%innocence,%the%accused%must%be%given%the%
benefit%of%doubt%and%should%be%acquitted.%%
ZWhen%the%evidence%of%a%criminal%case%is%evenly%balanced,%the%
constitutional%presumption%of%innocence%tilts%the%scale%in%favor%of%the%
accused.%%