CHAPTER 1.

0 MATTER UPS COLLECTIONS

UPS 2004/2005
1 The reaction between aluminium and iron (III) oxide can generate temperatures approaching
3000 oC.
2Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) Al2O3(s) + 2Fe(s)

In one process, 124 g of Al are reacted with 601 g of Fe2O3.

Which of the two reactants is the limiting reactant? [5 marks]
a) Calculate the mass of Al2O3 formed. [2 marks]
b) How much the percentage yield of the excess reactant is left at the end of the
reaction? [3 marks]

UPS 2005/2006
2 At a high temperature, metal oxide M2O3 reacts with hydrogen gas to produce metal M and
water. The reaction of 10.64 g sample of M2O3 produces 3.78 g of water.

a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the above reaction. [1 marks]

b) Calculate i. the relative molecular mass of M2O3 [5 marks]
ii. the mass of M produced. [4 marks]

UPS 2006/2007
72 2
3 a) Determine the number of electrons in germanium ion, 32 Ge [1 mark]

b) At room temperature, 225 g of copper(I) oxide, Cu2O react with 180 g of copper(I)
sulphide, Cu2S according to the equation below:
2Cu2O + Cu2S  6Cu + SO2
Determine
i. the limiting reactant. [3 marks]
ii. the mass of the excess reactant remained at the end of the reaction. [2 marks]
[Molar mass of Cu2O = 143.0 g mol1; Molar mass of Cu2S = 159.1 g mol1]

c) An aqueous ammonia solution with a density of 0.898 g mL1 contains 28%

ammonia by mass. Calculate the molarity of the solution. [4 marks]

UPS 2007/2008
4 a) ii. Oxygen consists of three isotopes with atomic masses of 15.9949, 16.9913
and 17.9916 amu and their abundances are 99.76%, 0.04% and 0.20%
respectively. Calculate the atomic mass of oxygen. [2 marks]

b) A solution made by dissolving 16.0 g of CaCl2 in 64.0 g of water has a density of

1.18 g mL-1 at 20 ˚C. Determine
i. the percent by mass of CaCl2.
ii. the molarity of CaCl2 solution. [6 marks]

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 CHAPTER 1.0 MATTER UPS COLLECTIONS

UPS 2008/2009
5 a) The two naturally occurring isotopes of gallium are gallium-69 and gallium-71
which are found in the ratio of 3:2. Determine the atomic mass of gallium. [3 marks]

b) The density of an aqueous solution containing 10% of ethanol, C2H5OH by mass

is 0.984g mol-1. Calculate
i. the molality of the solution. [3 marks]
ii. its molarity. [2 marks]
iii. the volume of the solutions that contains 0.125 mole ethanol. [2 marks]
-1
[ Molar mass of C2H5OH= 46.0 g mol ]

UPS 2009/2010
6 a) Define isotope.
Write down the isotope notation of oxygen with proton number of 8 and nucleon
number of 16. [2 marks]
-1
b) The density of 10% by mass of NaOH solution is 1.06 g mL . Calculate the molality
of the solution. [4 marks]
c) An aqueous solution of MgSO4 is added to an aqueous solution of BaCl2 to form
BaSO4 and MgCl2. If 1.75 g of MgSO4 and 2.75 g of BaCl2 are used,
i. Determine the limiting reactant.
ii. Calculate the mass of BaSO4 produced after the reaction has completed.
[4 marks]

UPS 2010/2011
7 a) A certain amount of NaOH is dissolved in 98 g of water at 25 oC. The final
volume of NaOH solution is 100 mL. Given the density of the solution is
1.33 g mL-1 at 25 oC, calculate the number of moles of NaOH used. [3 marks]

b) In an experiment, 0.355 g of aluminium, Al reacts with 20.00 mL of 4.00 M

hydrochloric acid, HCl according to the following equation :
2Al (s) + HCl (aq) 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3H2 (g)
i) Determine the limiting reactant.
ii) If the percentage yield of hydrogen is 85%, calculate the actual mass of
hydrogen obtained. [7 marks]

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 CHAPTER 1.0 MATTER UPS COLLECTIONS

UPS 2011/2012
8 a) FIGURE 1 shows the mass spectrum of element X:
Relative
abundance
2.8

1.5
0.89

m/e
50 52 56
FIGURE 1
52
i. State the number of protons and neutrons in isotope 27 X.
ii. Calculate the relative atomic mass of X. [3 marks]

b) A solution is prepared by dissolving 16.0 g of calcium chloride, CaCl2 in 64.0 g of

water. The solution formed has a density of 1.18 g mL-1. Calculate the molarity of
CaCl2 solution. [3 marks]

c) Nitrogen monoxide reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide.

2NO (g) + O2 (g)  2NO2 (g)
In an experiment, 0.886 mol of nitrogen monoxide reacts with 0.503 mol of oxygen
to produce nitrogen dioxide.
i. Determine the limiting reactant.
ii. Calculate the mass of nitrogen dioxide produced. [4 marks]

UPS 2012/2013
9 a) i. Define proton number.
ii. Mercury atom has 80 protons and 121 neutrons. Write the isotopic notation
for mercury. [2 marks]

b) A concentrated phosphoric acid solution contains 85% by mass of H3PO4.

Calculate the molality of the phosphoric acid. [3 marks]

c) Adipic acid, H2C6H8O4, is produced by a reaction between cyclohexane and excess

oxygen. The equation for the reaction is :
2C6H12(l) + 5O2(g) 2H2C6H8O4(l) + 2H2O(l)

i. If 45.0 g of cyclohexane is used, calculate the theoretical yield of adipic acid.

ii. Given the actual yield of adipic acid is 63.5 g, what is the percentage yield of
adipic acid? [5 marks]

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 CHAPTER 1.0 MATTER UPS COLLECTIONS

UPS 2013/2014
10.(a) (i) Define isotope.
(ii) Two naturally occurring isotopes of iridium are 191Ir and 193Ir in the ratio of 5:8
respectively. Calculate the relative atomic mass of iridium. [3 marks]

(b) Pure acetic acid, CH3COOH is a liquid with a density of 1.049 g mL-1. A 10.0 mL of
pure acetic acids is pipette into a 100 mL volumetric flask and distilled water is added to the
mark. Calculate the molarity of the solution produced.
[Molar mass of CH3COOH = 60 g mol-1] [3 marks]

(c) A 72.0 g vanadium pentoxide, V2O5, reacts with excess aluminium, Al, at high temperature
to produce vanadium metal, V and aluminium oxide, Al2O3.
[Ar V = 51]
(i) Write a chemical equation for the above reaction.
(ii) Calculate the mass of vanadium produced. [4 marks]

UPS 2014/2015
11.(a) (i) Complete the following table:

Isotope Mass Number of Number of Percentage

(amu) protons neutrons abundance
107
Ag 106.91 51.50
109
Ag 108.90 48.50

(ii) Calculate the average atomic mass of silver. [4 marks]

(b) In an experiment, 1.46 g of magnesium is added into 160.00 mL of 0.50 mol L-1
hydrochloric acid. The reaction involved is:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

(i) Determine the limiting reactant for the above reaction.

(ii) Calculate the percentage yield if 672.00 mL of hydrogen gas is obtained at STP.
[6 marks]

UPS 2015/2016
12.(a) An ion Y3+ has 18 3l3ctrons and 24 neutrons.
(i) Determine the proton number and nucleon number of the element Y.
(ii) write the isotopic notation to represent the element. [3 marks]

(b) A student would like to prepare 250 mL of 0.25 mol L-1 lead(II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2 solution.
(i) Calculate the mass of Pb(NO3)2 required to prepare the solution.
(ii) Based on the information in (b)(i), give TWO (2) main steps that should be carried
out to prepare the solution. [5 marks]

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 CHAPTER 1.0 MATTER UPS COLLECTIONS
(c) For the following redox equation (not balanced), choose a pair of species that undergoes
reduction. Explain.
Br- (aq) + MnO4-(aq) BrO3-(aq) + MnO2(s)
[2 marks]