The size of the stone to be used for rip rap of reservoirs:

yw 1 s2
d m  2.23C hw
y r  y w ss  2
where,

yw=Unit weight of water= 1.00 t/cum

yr=Unit weight of stones= 1.44 cum

dm =diameter of staone in metre

s= slope of the embankment 2.00 H:1V

hw=wave height (m) 0.60 m

C= factor depending on the type of protection

For hand palced rip rap C= 0.54

For dumped rip rap C= 0.80

Therefore dm= 0.46 m

Average size of stone required=dm/0.85 0.54 m

DESIGN OF CONCRETE/STONE/MASONRY BLOCKS FOR RIPRAP/APRON

(Ref:Civil & Structural Design TVA Technical Report No.24, Vol-1)

INPUT
velocity of wave/flow= 0 m/s

Unit weight of stone/slab 2.4 t/cum

Slope of the surface 0 H:1V

Uplift 1t

Anchor rods if any

Dia 20 mm

Length 1.5 m

Spacing 3m

Bond strength= 6 kg/sq.cm

diameter of stone related to fallowing formula

1 2
d v
YZ 2

Y=coefficient which varies for different slopes 0.6285

slope Y SELECTED Y

1.0 0.86

1.5 0.98

2.0 1.05 0.6285

3.0 1.11
 4.0 1.14

12.0 1.20

Z=is a coefficient which varies for different specific weights of stone used

Ds
Z  8.03 1
62.4

Z= 9.49
1 2
d v
YZ 2
= 0.974 m( =3.197ft)

Weight of rip rap of a stones/slabs= pd Ds/6

3

Therefore weight of the stone=101.09 kg(=222lbs)

Add for countering uplift force 1000 kg/cum

net weight= 1101.09 -kg(=2607lbs)

Weight contributed by anchor rods 5655 kg

No. of anchor rods 0

Net weight including anchor rods= 1101 kg

d=equivalent spherical diameter of slab/stone

Ds=weight of stone /cft of stone

Equivalent size of the cube= 0.77 m

With factor of safety 2 size of the stone= 1.54 m

Size of block with anchor rods= 0.77 m