Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PERSPECTIVES AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
OF CHILDREN
ACROSS THE WORLD
THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE ON
THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
The Committee is a group of 18 experts from around the world
This report has been developed by Professor Laura Lundy that gives governments advice about how to keep the promises
and Dr Michelle Templeton of the Centre for Children’s Rights they made to children with the Convention on the Rights of the
at Queen’s University Belfast, in the frame of the project Child (UNCRC).
“Protecting and Empowering Children as Human Rights
Defenders” devised, promoted and implemented by Child On September 28th 2018, the Day of General
Discussion (#DGD2018) will discuss issues related
Rights Connect. It aims to present the direct voices of the
to the protection and empowerment of Children
children who participated in the world-wide consultations. Human Rights Defenders (CHRDs). 2018 is also the
20th Anniversary of the UN Declaration on Human
Rights Defenders (HRDs).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
A special thank you for the assistance The DGD Children’s Advisory Team
of Dr Gabriela Martinez Sainz, co-
founder of the Centre for Human Aishwarya (girl, 17 – Asia-Pacific)
Rights Studies CEDH Mx in México, Akanksha (girl, 15 – Western Europe and others)
who helped with translation and Ankit (boy, 17 – Asia-Pacific)
analysis. Ariadna (girl, 15 – Eastern Europe)
Mazidath (girl, 18 – Africa)
Thank you to the more than 2695 Brighton (boy, 12 – Africa)
children who took part in the global Cameron (boy, 12 – Western Europe and others)
consultations and to the DGD Christina (girl, 16 – Western Europe and others)
Children’s Advisory Team – 21 child Diana Melissa (girl, 17 – Latin America and the Caribbean)
advisors from 19 countries covering all Dieudonne (boy, 16 – Africa)
regions of the world – who ensured Hannah (girl, 12 – Western Europe and others)
that children and children’s views are Haya (girl, 16 – Asia-Pacific)
at the heart of the DGD. Josephine (girl, 16 – Africa)
Konstantinos (boy, 16 – Western Europe and others) “We wanted to make sure that children’s
Kurt (boy, 16 – Latin America and the Caribbean)
Mariana Nicol (girl, 14 – Latin America and the Caribbean) views were central to the DGD, so we
Maxwell (boy, 15 – Africa) set up an advisory group of 21 children
Nayeli (girl, 17 – Latin America and the Caribbean)
Sameer (boy, 13 – Asia-Pacific) from around the world. We would like
Sigurd (boy, 17 – Western Europe and others) to thank Child Rights Connect and the
Stella (girl, 17 – Africa)
Centre for Children’s Rights at Queen’s
We are also grateful for the collaboration with the University Belfast, without which
UN Office of the High Commissioner on Human
Rights and the leadership provided by the United
this would not have been possible.”
Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. Mikiko Otani and Luis Ernesto Pedernera,
dgd coordinators of the committee
2 3
WHAT IS THIS REPORT ABOUT?
The role that children can and do play
as human rights defenders (HRDs).
What helps children to act
pages 5-7 92% of children that
responded to the online
as HRDs. page 8
survey see themselves as a
What the barriers are and what risks
children face. pages 9-15 HOW DO CHILDREN DESCRIBE human rights defender.
How to protect and empower
children human rights defenders. pages 16-22 CHILDREN HUMAN RIGHTS
DEFENDERS (CHRDs)?
HOW WE FOUND OUT WHAT CHILDREN THINK? CHRDs are children who take action to
PROMOTE & PROTECT their own rights or those
We asked them questions about their experiences and for any advice they had for the of others. Here’s what they had to say:
Committee during group consultations and in an online survey.
More than* 2695 children in 53 countries, aged 5–18 years participated.
Here is the link to the online consultation details: “Human rights defenders; they
have to stand firm and take
https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CRC/Pages/Discussion2018.aspx
“I believe we are all human responsibility on their a
dvocacy
rights defenders in our own for others, because if they
In the report, we refer to the following regions where children have contributed to way. Some of us in small and don’t, who would?” asia-pacific
this project: quiet ways because that’s
Africa, Asia-Pacific (including Middle East), Eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, how we feel and all we can
Western Europe and others (including the United States of America). give to the world and some
in large ways. The impact
may be big or small but we “We need to defend
WHO TOOK PART IN THE CONSULTATIONS? all fight for what we believe
in.” western europe and others
children’s rights so that
children can look back and
remember a happy child
The numbers* and ages of children who participated in the consultations by region hood with happy memories.”
western europe and others
4 5
We get involved
because if you see
WHAT ISSUES ARE CHILDREN
someone not respect
To make things better
TAKING ACTION ON?
ing others’ rights
today, you can expect for the next genera Children said they were working on a huge variety of issues.
To do the right thing tomorrow your right tion. What we ruin
when there’s an to be violated also. now is what needs
abuse h
appening. We have to fight for repair in the future. This shows which issues came up and most often:
all. eastern europe western europe
labour
asia-pacific
discrimination
and others
education
participation community
violence
respect
access
homeless racism voice
periodpoverty
vaccination
bullying
awareness
refugees poverty
sexualabuse
racial
marriage security
domestic equality
slavery
health
environmental
I want my country
crime
information
to be better, and for
abuse
justice
enforcement
exploitation
We want to help
advocacy
decisionmaking
children to have all of children who live islamophobia
transport
violations
sexual
eastern europe make a difference
disabilities
in our c
ommunities.
minorities
local
latin america and
law
nutrition migrants
safety
punishment
the caribbean
xenophobia
communities
inclusion
school
voting conflict
food
indigenous
WHY DO CHILDREN LGBT
environment
government
ACT AS CHRDs?
Children themselves
know their p roblems
and needs, and they
know how to solve We got involved be
them. Adults might cause we think it is Here are some examples of issues from across the regions:
not recognise the very important to
special needs of defend human rights
children. asia-pacific otherwise there will
be no dignity. africa
To help other
children whose
rights have FREEDOM OF BULLYING
been violated. EXPRESSION POVERT Y
latin america a nd BREXIT PARTICIPATION
the caribbean GUN CRIME VOTING REFUGEE
AGE CAMPS
CHILD
To create a world EDUCATION SOLDIERS
free of violence,
economic, s exual,
76% of children that CHILD ENVIRONMENT
environmental. responded to the online WORKING MARRIAGE PARTICIPATION
We want a world survey are interested CHILDREN R APE
of hope, we don’t in being human rights SECURITY AND INDIGENOUS
want bad things. defenders to help others. WELLBEING PEOPLES
latin america a nd
the caribbean GENDER
VIOLENCE
6 7
WHAT MAKES CHILDREN EFFECTIVE WHAT MAKES IT DIFFICULT
HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS? TO ACT AS A CHRD?
Children listed the qualities they thought made a good CHRD.
Core challenges centered on four key themes:
This shows which qualities came up and most often:
kn
NOT TAKEN SERIOUSLY
o
Almost all children considered that not being
taken seriously was a major challenge to their
wle
actions as CHRDs.
dg
NOT SAFE
Many children said that they were teased, bullied,
ble
?
NOT INFORMED
Many children said that they did not know their
“If the world would see rights or were not able to get information they
through a child’s eyes, “Because only children
can express their need in ways that they can understand.
half of the problems in
the world would have own worries and
been solved, while the fears from adults’
other half would have not decisions.” asia-pacific
existed.” eastern europe
“Opinions that we do
not deserve the rights,
that we need to know
first of all our responsi “They are not guaran
NOT TAKEN SERIOUSLY bilities”. eastern europe teed when your gender
This was a constant in all contexts. SOME CHILDREN is not respected, when
your appearance / man
Two common reasons that were given STRUGGLE MORE ner / you become a joke.
They are not guaranteed
were that: adults did not see children
as competent and cultural factors
THAN OTHERS when being what you
are becomes wrong.”
latin america and
meant that children’s views were not
the caribbean
respected.
10 11
“They told me ‘feminazi’
and that they would
sexually assault me.” “We want both govern
latin america and ments to recognise us
the caribbean as children that are not
related to any party of
“To challenge armed the conflict.” asia-pacific
groups so they leave “I was ridiculed for seeking change
our communities and or helping others to make their
“When you defend human rights, some we can live in peace. lives better by some of my friends.
one may attack you.” eastern europe I want to be proud of They said our country was dif
myself and others.” ferent from others, so children
latin america and shouldn’t share things freely. It
the caribbean is also a difficulty for us to help
children facing domestic vio
NOT SAFE lence speak out.” asia-pacific
12 13
“To be informed “Starting human rights
about that topic, movements requires a
?
lot of coordination and
NOT INFORMED to understand the
situation, to iden sometimes money, which
tify the injustice.” children cannot always
eastern europe organise.” western europe
Many of the children said that and others
UNCRC: Art. 13
knowing about their rights is
You have the right to find
essential to enable them to out things and share what
identify abuses and to take you think with others,
effective action. “We do not have a lot of time unless it harms or offends
to conduct activities be
cause we are studying and other people.
“A child can be a human because we don’t have the
rights defender. As long money to do much more
“If the defender does not know her rights, she than we are already doing.”
as she is informed, knows
cannot demand their fulfilment, she could not
what she is defending and latin america and the caribbean
protect her own rights even less help some
has a valid argument, she
one else.” latin america and the caribbean
can make herself heard.”
latin america and the caribbean
14 15
WHAT IS AN EMPOWERING
ENVIRONMENT FOR CHRDs? “ The human rights defender needs
financial resources but also
conviction, inspiration, will and
love. A key aspect is the support
and understanding of the people
To consider the
children’s parlia
Continue to improve/update materials,
adapt and revise the curriculum with rele
vant and interesting topics for children, and
offer training for teachers including in re
around her, a defender cannot ment and consulta spect of communication with children and
Here is how one group ranked what is needed for an work alone. As the defender is tion with children children`s participation. eastern europe
in all decisions
empowering environment for CHRDs: a child, she needs to work with
made. asia-pacific
others and learn from others.She
”
needs guidance and support.
latin america and the caribbean Children need to be given
spaces to work together be
cause there is power in having
many more children defend
ing human rights. africa
be treated equally and Offer an easy way for children and youth to
without report when child rights are not respected
(like a Green Phone with specialized staff,
discrimination maybe in Child Protection Department).
In this way children will know what to do Create a virtual participation
and whom to speak and will not be dis tool for children and adoles
couraged that they are powerless and peo cents to consider the mecha
be able to go to be safe and have a name, ple will not listen to them. eastern europe nisms of the UN, amplifying
school and have their privacy protected ID and nationality their voices together in order
to be heard by decision-
education makers at the highest levels.
latin america and the caribbean
16 17
“ The school should teach us
peace not violence; h atred
However, in other cases, children from teachers who are
identified parents’/guardians’ concerns xenophobic, homophobic fuels
this hatred in schools.” africa
about their safety or the impact on WHAT CAN
their school lives as a barrier to their
involvement: SCHOOLS DO
“ People who are unaware of
“Parents are more likely to have their TO EMPOWER AND those laws will be educated
and have the right to defend
WHAT CAN PARENTS/ children stay at home studying, rather
than participating in child-led groups
PROTECT CHRDs? themselves for an instance if
18 19
“The challenge of using social
“We can use social media media is that you can find
to share our opinions, people there that discrimi
disseminate information nate and cause great harm to
about important issues others.” latin america and
to us in order to trans the caribbean
form things in a fast “There is also harass
WHAT CAN BUSINESSES DO TO and sustainable way.”
western europe
ment over the i nternet.”
eastern europe