1) A 0,467 g sample containing sodium bicarbonate (a monoacidic base) and titrated with a

standard solution of HCl, requairing 40,72 ml. The hydrocloric acid was standarized by
titrating 0,1876 g sodium carbonate, wich required 37,86 ml. Calculate the percent
sodium bicarbonate in the sample.
a. 𝑛1 = 𝑛2 b. 𝑁𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 𝑣𝑎𝑙
𝑚𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑂3 𝑁𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 0,09348 . 1
= 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙
𝑀𝑟𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑂3 𝑁𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 0,09348 N
0,1876
= 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 37,86 . 10−3 c. %𝑁𝑎𝐻𝐶𝑂3 =
𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 𝑁𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 𝐵𝐸𝑁𝑎𝐻𝐶𝑂3
𝑥 100%
53 𝑚𝑁𝑎𝐻𝐶𝑂3
0,1876 𝑔𝑟 %𝑁𝑎𝐻𝐶𝑂3
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 =
53 . 37,86 . 10−3 40,72 . 10−3 L x 0,09348 N x 84
= 𝑥 100%
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 0,09348 𝑀 0,467
%𝑁𝑎𝐻𝐶𝑂3 = 66,82 %

So, the percent of NaHCO3 in the sample is %𝑵𝒂𝑯𝑪𝑶𝟑 = 𝟔𝟔, 𝟖𝟐 %

2) How many millimiters of concentrated sulfuric acid 94% (g/100g solution) density 1.843
g/cm3 are required to prepare 1 L of 0,100M solution
𝜌 . 10 . % b. Sampel 1 : HCl awal sebelum pengenceran
a. 𝑀 = 𝑀𝑟
1,843 . 10 . 94 Sampel 2 : HCl akhir setelah pengenceran
𝑀=
98 𝑉1 . 𝑀1 = 𝑉2 . 𝑀2
𝑀 = 17,677 𝑀 𝑉1 . 17,677 𝑀 = 1000 . 0,1 𝑀
𝑉1 = 5,65706 𝑚𝑙

So, required 𝟓, 𝟔𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟔 𝒎𝒍 HCl to prepare the solution

3) Calculate the grams of each substance required to prepare 250 mL of 0.100 M KOH
𝑚𝐾𝑂𝐻 1000 39
a. 𝑀 = 𝑥 b. 𝑚𝐾 = 𝑥 1,4 𝑔𝑟
𝑀𝑟𝐾𝑂𝐻 𝑉𝐾𝑂𝐻 56

𝑚𝐾𝑂𝐻 1000 𝑚𝐾 = 0,975 𝑔𝑟

0,1 = 𝑥
56 250 16
c. 𝑚𝑂 = 𝑥 1,4 𝑔𝑟
0.1 𝑥 56 56
𝑚𝐾𝑂𝐻 = 4 𝑚𝑂 = 0,4 𝑔𝑟
𝑚𝐾𝑂𝐻 = 1,4 𝑔𝑟
 1
d. 𝑚𝐻 = 𝑥 1,4 𝑔𝑟
56

𝑚𝐻 = 0,025 𝑔𝑟

So, K required 0,975 gr , O required 0,4 gr and H required 0,025 gr to prepare

the solution

4) How many milliliters of concentrated hydrochloric acid ,38% (wt/wt), specific gravity
1.19, are required to prepare 1L of a 0.100 M solution
10 𝑥 % 𝑥 𝜌 b. Sampel 1 : HCl awal sebelum pengenceran
a. 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 =
𝑀𝑟

10 𝑥 38 𝑥 1.19 Sampel 2 : HCl akhir setelah pengenceran

𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 =
36.5 𝑉1 . 𝑀1 = 𝑉2 . 𝑀2
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 12,38 𝑀 𝑉1 . 12,38 = 1000 . 0,1
𝑉1 = 8,077 𝑚

So, required 𝟖, 𝟎𝟕𝟕 𝒎𝒍 HCl to prepare the solution

5) How many milliliters of 0.10 M of H2SO4 must be added to 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH to

give a solution that is 0.050 M in H2SO4? Assumes volumes are additive
a.
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
m 𝑛 = 𝑀 .𝑉 𝑛 = 𝑀 .𝑉 - -
𝑛 = 0,1 . 𝑉 𝑛 = 0,1 . 0,5

0,1 . V mol 5 mol

r 2,5 mol 5 mol 2,5 mol 5 mol
s 0,1 . V – 2,5 mol - 2,5 mol 5 mol

b. Sampel 1 : H2SO4 awal 0,1 . 𝑉1 – 2,5 = 0.05𝑉2 + 2,5

Sampel 2 : H2SO4 akhir 0,1 . 𝑉1 – 0.05𝑉2 = 2,5 + 2,5
𝑛1 = 𝑛2 0.05𝑉2 = 5
0,1 . 𝑉1 – 2,5 = 𝑀2 . 𝑉2 5
𝑉2 = = 100 𝑚𝑙
0,1 . 𝑉1 – 2,5 = 0,05 . (𝑉2 + 50) 5 . 10−2
 So, 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒍 H2SO4 must be added to give the solution

6) A preparation of soda ash is known to contain 98.6% Na2CO3. If a 0.678 g sample

requires 36.8 ml of sulfuric acid to complete neutralization, what is the molarity of the
sulfuric acid solution?
𝑉𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 . 𝑁𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 . 𝐵𝐸𝑁𝑎2𝐶𝑂3
%𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 = 𝑥 100%
𝑚𝑁𝑎2𝐶𝑂3

𝑀𝑟
36,8 × 10−3 . ( 𝑀𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 . 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 ) . ( 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 )
98,6% = 𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑥 100%
0, 678

106
36,8 × 10−3 . ( 𝑀𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 . 2) . ( )
98,6 = 2 𝑥 100
0, 678

98,6 × 0,678
( 𝑀𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 . 2) =
3,68 × 53

( 𝑀𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 . 2) = 0,3428 𝑀

𝑀𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 = 0,171 𝑀

So, the molarity of the sulfuric acid solution is 𝟎, 𝟏𝟕𝟏 𝑴

7) A sample of USP grade citric acid (H3C6O7, three titratable protons) is analyzed by
titrating with 0.1087 M NaOH. If a 0.2678 g sample requires 38.31 ml for titration, what
is the purity of the preparation? (USP requires 99.5%)
𝑀𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑉𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑖 . 𝐵𝐸H3C6O7
% Kemurnian =
𝑚H3C6O7
0,1087 . 38,31 . 62,33
% Kemurnian =
267,8 mg
% Kemurnian = 96,9 %

So, the purity of the preparation is 𝟗𝟔, 𝟗 %

8) A solution is prepared by dissolving 7.82 g NaOH and 9.26 g Ba(OH)2 in water and
diluting to 500 ml. What is the normality of the solution as a base?
𝑚𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 1
a. 𝑁𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 = 𝑥 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙
𝑀𝑟𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑉𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2

𝑚𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2
𝑁𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 . 𝑉𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 = 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙
𝑀𝑟𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2
9,26
𝑁𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 . 𝑉𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 = 𝑥2
171,34
𝑁𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 . 𝑉𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 = 0,108

𝑚𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 1
b. 𝑁 = 𝑥 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙
𝑀𝑟𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝑚𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝑁𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙
𝑀𝑟𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
7,28
𝑁𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 𝑥1
40
𝑁𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 0,1955

𝑁1 . 𝑉1 + 𝑁2 𝑉2
c. 𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2

𝑁𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 . 𝑉𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 + 𝑁𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝 =
𝑉𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝
0,1955 + 0,108
𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝 =
0,5
𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝 = 0,606 𝑁
So, the normality of the solution as a base is 𝟎, 𝟔𝟎𝟔 𝑵

9) A 25 ml solution of 0.5 M NaOH is titrated until neutralized into a 50 ml sample of HCl.

What was the concentration of the HCl
𝑉1 . 𝑀1 = 𝑉2 . 𝑀2
𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑀𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙
0,5 . 25 = 50 . 𝑀2
𝑀2 = 0,25 𝑀

So, the concentration of HCl is 𝟎, 𝟐𝟓 𝑴

10) 10.00 mL sample of concentrated HCl was diluted to mark in 250 mL volumetric flask.
To titrate 25.0 mL sample of diluted solution 43.56 mL of 0.1023 M NaOH was needed.
What was the original concentration of hydrochloric acid?
a. 𝑉1 . 𝑀1 = 𝑉2 . 𝑀2 b. Sampel 1 : HCl awal sebelum pengenceran
𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙 . 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 . 𝑀𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 Sampel 2 : HCl akhir setelah pengenceran
25 . 𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 43,56 . 0,1023 𝑉1 . 𝑀1 = 𝑉2 . 𝑀2
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 0,1782 𝑀 10 . 𝑀1 = 250 . 0,1782
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 4,45 𝑀

So, the original concentration of hydrochloric acid is 𝟒, 𝟒𝟓 𝑴