Assessment of Attitudes (Professionalism) in Doctors Score

Professional attire / demeanor 1

Impact for time and punctuality 2

Grasp and knowledge of own patients 3

Criscientiounsness 4

Integrity in reporting patients findings 5

Availability to the patients 6

Relationships with colleagues, hospital staff and patients 7

Score 1-10

1=Poor

2-4=Not desirable

5-6=Average: Needs Improvement

7-8=Good

9-10=Exemplary Can serve as a role model

 IQ EQ
Measures Cognitive intelligence: Measures emotional intelligence ability to

Ability to problem solve / learn /use logic manage emotions

Permanent, fixed at birth Flexible skill can be learned and improved

Neocortex Limbic System

“Book smart” “Street smart”

Confronts threats head on Managers, resolves conflict

Effective during “calm” Periods Effective during time of stress

 Primary Sleep Disorders
Dyssomnias
Primary Insomnia Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or
sleeping but feeling as if one has not rested
during sleep
Primary Hypersomnia Excess sleepiness, either sleeping too long or
persistent daytime sleepiness not relieved by
napping
Narcolepsy Sleep attacks during daytime.
Daytime naps relieve sleepiness
Breathing related sleep disorder Abnormal breathing during sleep
Leads to sleep disruption and daytime
sleepiness
Circadian rhythm sleep disorder Disturbance of sleep due to a mismatch
between a person’
Parasomnias
Nightmare disorder Repeated episodes of scary dreams that wake
one from sleep usually during REM sleep
Sleep terror disorder Repeated episodes of terror during sleep: and
individual may sit up or scream and appear
extremely frightened. Occurs during delta
sleep
Sleep walking disorder Recurrent sleep walking often
Coupled to other complex motor activity
Defense Mechanism Definition Example
Denial Blocking out painful or A patient continuing to
anxiety smoke after being informed
of his lung cancer diagnosis
Displacement Discharging pent up feelings A student who has just
on people less dangerous than received a low grade on a
those who initially aroused ward test starts to shout ion
the emotion. the junior paramedical staff
over a trivial
misunderstanding
Fantasy Symbolic satisfaction of A student struggling through
wishes through non-rational graduate school thinks about
thought. a prestigious high paying jobs
/ he wants
Identification Unconscious assumption of After hospitalization for
similarity between oneself minor surgery a girl decides
and another. to be a nurse.
Intellectualization Separating an emotion from A man learn from his doctor
an idea or though because the that he has cancer. He studies
emotional reaction is too the physiology and treatment
painful to be acknowledged of cancer without
experiencing any emotion
Projection Attributing one’s own A student who harbours
unacceptable feelings and hostile feelings towards
thoughts to others. his/her teacher, thinks that the
teacher is against him/her.
Rationalization Falsification of experience A patient misses out on
through the construction of his/her daily dose of
logical or socially approved medication and thinks that he
explanations of behavior doesn’t need it any more
Reaction formation Unacceptable feelings A woman who dislikes her
disguised by repression of the mother in law is always very
real feelings and by nice to her.
reinforcement of the opposite
feeling
Repression Unconsciously keeping A man is jealous of a good
unacceptable feelings out of friend’s success but is
awareness unaware of his feelings
 Progressive Muscle Relaxation

In progressive relaxation, each muscle or group of muscles is contracted for 5 to 7 second and

then relaxed for 20 to 30 seconds. The cycle is then repeated.

Four major muscle groups are covered in this order (1) hands, forearms and biceps; (2) head,

face, throat and shoulders; (3) chest, abdomen, and lower back; (4) things, buttocks calves and

feet using this procedure

Practice progressive relaxation while lying down or seated in chair with feet firmly on the

floor.

Begin active progressive relaxation by tightening the right fist (5 to 7 seconds) and paying

attention to the tension. Allow the muscles of the right fist to relax (20 to 30 seconds). While

noticing the pleasant difference.

Do the same with the left fist-tensing, relaxing and noticing the difference.

Follow the same procedure for the forearms (tensing and relaxing), and then for the biceps,

remembering to compare the difference in sensation between tensed and relaxed muscles.

Progress through the next major muscle group – head, face, throat and shoulders

Move to the third major muscle group – chest, abdomen and lower back.

End with the fourth major muscle group – thighs, buttocks, calves and feet.

Remember to return to muscle groups that are only partially relaxed to bring about deeper

relaxation.
 Counselling Don’ts
Do not ask why questions. These imply
interrogation.
Do not say “should” “ought” or “karna
chahiye tha”. These imply moralization
Do not blame the patient
Do not compare the patient’s experiences
with you own or give examples from your
life. The patient is a different person from you
and has different life experiences.
Do not invalidate the patient’s feelings.
Misconceptions about Counselling
Does not involve giving direct advice to
prohibits
Does not solve people’s problems for them
Does not challenge a patient’s feelings and
perceptions
Do not impose the counsellor’s own views
onto the patients
Does not make people less emotional
Does not work fulfill the counsellor’s need to
make people feel better
 Communication strategies in Crisis Intervention

Using Silence gives the person time to time reflect and become more aware of feelings.

Silence can prompt elaboration. Simply being with the person can make them feel supported.

Using non-verbal communication- maintaining eye contact, head nodding, caring facial

expressions, and occasional "uh-huhs” lets the person know that you are in tune with them

Paraphrasing expressing understanding, empathy and interest are conveyed repeating portions

of what the Person said Paraphrasing also checks for accuracy clarifies misunderstandings, and

lets people, know that they have been heard. You could say, “so you are saying that...", or Aap

K kehne ka matlab ye hai kai…”

Reflecting feelings helps the person identify and articulate emotions. You could say, “You

sound angry…” or “you look scared…”

Allowing the expression of emotions is an important part of healing. Venting often helps the

person work through feelings and helps in problem solving