ISHAK

SMA NEGERI 13 SINJAI

A. Base Competence

3.8. Differentiate the social function, generic structure and language features of
written and spoken explanation texts by giving or asking information related
to natural phenomena or social occurence based on the context of the usage.
4.8. Examine/grasp the meaning of written and spoken explanation texts related to
their social function, generic structure and language features in relation to
natural phenomena or social occurence based on the context of the usage.

B. Learning Indicators

Upon the successful completion of the modul, you are expected to be able to:

1. Identify the definition, the social function and the generic structure of
explanation texts.
2. Explain the language features/characteristics of explanation texts.
3. Find a general overview and specific information from explanation texts.
4. Explain the proces of how natural phenomena/social occurence happen or
why something is formed.
5. Distingushing the communicative purpose, generic structure and language
features of explanation texts related to natural phenomena and social
occurence and construct explanation texts properly based on the context of
usage
6. Identify the use of passive voice in its relation to explanation texts.
7. Examine/grasp the meaning of written and spoken explanation texts related
to natural phenomena or social occurence based on the context of the usage.
8. Construct a meaningful explanation text.

C. Learning Outcomes

Through the use of text based learning by using discovery learning model, students
are skillful in distingushing the communicative purpose, generic structure and
language features of explanation texts related to natural phenomena and social
occurence and construct explanation texts properly based on the context of usage
with full of responsibility, being responsive, caring and pro-active, honest,
confident and motivated.
 MEETING 1

Material 1

•Gambar terkait Tsunami

Sumber: https://www.viva.co.id/digital/235854-tsunami-aceh-2004-bukan-yang-pertama

• Video tentang proses terjadinya Tsunami:

Formation of Tsunami (3D Simulation).mp4
Sumber : You Tube
Material 2

Pictures that explain the stages/ process of how Tsunami happens.

Pictures/Stages

Picture 1

Picture 2
Picture 3

Picture 4

Picture 5
Material3

Text about ‘How Tsunami Happens’

How Tsunami Occurs

A tsunami is a large ocean wave that is caused by sudden motion on the ocean
floor. This sudden motion could be an earthquake, a powerful volcanic eruption, or an
underwater landslide. The impact of a large meteorite could also cause a tsunami. Tsunamis
travel across the open ocean at great speeds and build into large deadly waves in the
shallow water of a shoreline.

Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area

where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The
friction between the subducting plate and the overriding plate is enormous. This friction
prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck."

As the stuck plate continues to descend into the mantle, the motion causes a slow
distortion of the overriding plate. The result is an accumulation of energy very similar to the
energy stored in a compressed spring. Energy can accumulate in the overriding plate over a
long period of time - decades or even centuries

Energy accumulates in the overriding plate until it exceeds the frictional forces
between the two stuck plates. When this happens, the overriding plate snaps back into an
unrestrained position. This sudden motion is the cause of the tsunami - because it gives an
enormous shove to the overlying water. At the same time, inland areas of the overriding
plate are suddenly lowered.

The moving wave begins travelling out from where the earthquake has
occurred. Some of the water travels out and across the ocean basin, and at the same time,
water rushes landward to flood the recently lowered shoreline.
 MEETING 2

Material 1

Steps/stages explain the process of how chocolate is made.

Source: https://www.ieltsbuddy.com/task-1-process.html
Material 2
Text about the process of making chocolate.

Chocolate making is a complex process of fermenting, drying, roasting,

and then processing cocoa beans from the Theobroma Cacao tree.

The diagram explains the process for the making of chocolate. There are a
total of ten stages in the process, beginning with the growing of the pods on the
cacao trees and culminating in the production of the chocolate.

To begin, the cocoa comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in the
South American and African continents and the country of Indonesia. Once the
pods are ripe and red, they are harvested and the white cocoa beans are removed.
Following a period of fermentation, they are then laid out on a large tray so they
can dry under the sun. Next, they are placed into large sacks and delivered to the
. factory. They are then roasted at a temperature of 350 degrees, after which the
beans are crushed and separated from their outer shell. In the final stage, this
inner part that is left is pressed and the chocolate is produced.

https://www.ieltsbuddy.com/task-1-process.html

Material 3

How Coal was Formed

Material 4

The diagrams show the process by which coal was formed over a period of millions of
years. First of all, large plants 1 died and dropped in enormous swamps a long time ago.
These 2 were trapped to the bottom of the water. Over the years, the dead plants formed a
layer, which became deeper and deeper. More and more earth and dirt 3 covered on top of
this layer. Subsequently, this layer 4 was built up by rocks and dirt, and so the energy of the
dead plants 5 lived underneath. As the pressure and the heat grew over time, the layer of dead
plants 6 turned into coal. Seams of coal were formed, and coal 7 is now being mined.

Material 5
 Stages Explanation
1st
stage B A New bottles are sent to market.
2nd
stage C B Used bottles and jars are collected.
3rd
stage D C Bottles and jars are taken by lorry to the recycling plant.
4th
stage F D Bottle tops and lids are removed
5th
stage E E Crushed glass is melted in a furnace
6th
stage A F Glass is crushed into small pieces.
G Hot liquid glass is molded into new bottles.

Grammar Focus:
Material 6
Passive Voice

 Read the following sentences.

 Observe the underlined verbs.
 Look how the "to be" changes the verb.

1. New bottles are sent to market.

2. Used bottles and jars are collected.
3. Bottles and jars are taken by lorry to the recycling plant.
4. Bottle tops and lids are removed.
5. Crushed glass is melted in a furnace.
6. Glass is crushed into small pieces.
7. Hot liquid glass is molded into new bottles.

Did you notice that in all the sentences you found be (am, is, are, was, or were) and past
participles (V-3)? Do you know what these sentences called? Those sentences are called
passive sentences. Study the following examples to see how passive sentences are formed
from active ones. Can you identify the differences between active voice and passive
voice!
 Active Voice Passive Voice
She cleans the room every day. The room is cleaned every day.
He is cleaning the rooms right now. The rooms are being cleaned right now.
She cleaned the room yesterday afternoon. The room was cleaned yesterday
afternoon.
She has cleaned the room. The room has been cleaned.

People see peace in family as essential for Peace in family is seen as essential for
spiritual growth spiritual growth.
Muslims perform prayers at least five times Prayers are performed by Muslims at least
five times a day.
a day

NOTES :

In passive voices, the

subjects disappear. Passive
voices are usually used when
the subjects (doers) are
not really important, therefore
they might be erased from
the sentences. In passive
voices, the process is more
important than the doers.
 MEETING 3

Material 1

LIFE CYCLE OF BUTTERFLY

Stages Sentences
The caterpillar changes its skin four or five times.
The caterpillar eats leaves and grows bigger and bigger.
As it grows bigger it puts on a new, bigger skin.
The mother butterfly lays an egg on a leaf or plant.
There are four stages in the life cycle of a butterfly-the egg stage, the larva
stage, the pupa stage and the adult stage.
The life cycle begins again
Inside the chrysalis it grows wings and legs
The chrysalis opens and a butterfly comes out.
It attaches itself to a leaf and makes a pupa, or chrysalis.
The egg hatches into a small larva, or caterpillar.
Then it looks for a good place to rest.
Material 3