annales

du service des
antiquitÉs de l’Égypte

TOME 86

LE CAIRE 2012-2013
© CONSEIL SUPRÊME DES ANTIQUITÉS DE L’ÉGYPTE, LE CAIRE, 2015
DAR EL KUTUB NO. 15812/2014 ISBN. 978-977-6420-10-6 ISSN. 1687-1510
 annales
du service des
antiquitÉs de l’Égypte

TOME 86
Editorial Board
Arnold, Dorothea (Metropolitan Museum)
Bárta, Miroslav (Charles University, Prague)
Bedier, Shafya (Ain Shams University)
Bietak, Manfred (Austrian Institute, Cairo)
Davies, Vivian (British Museum)
Dreyer, Günter (German Institute, Cairo)
El-Aguizy, Ola (Cairo University)
El-Sayed, Ramadan (Minia University)
Farid, Maha (Helwan University)
Haikal, Fayza (AUC)
Handoussa, Tohfa (Cairo University)
Hawass, Zahi (SCA)
Ikram, Salima (AUC)
Leblanc, Christian (French Institute, Cairo)
Martin, Geoffrey (Emeritus Professor)
Midant-Reynes, Béatrix (French Institute, Cairo)
Polz, Daniel (German Institute, Cairo)
Radwan, Ali (Cairo University)
Raue, Dietrich (German Institute, Cairo)
Saleh, Mohamed (The Grand Egyptian Museum, Cairo)
Sourouzian, Hourig (German Institute, Cairo)
Spencer, Neil (British Museum)
Stadelmann, Rainer (German Institute, Cairo)

Editor-in-Chief
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8 ASAE 86
 Stela of Intef

Laila M. AZZAM*

T
he Stela of Intef, originally erected at Abydos, is now on display in the Egyptian
Museum, bearing the inventory number Tr. 3.7.24.14.1 According to the museum
files, the provenance could be Saqqara, but since the stela was mentioned in
Mariette's catalogue of Abydos monuments, it must have been discovered in Abydos.2 It
is a well-executed and attractive stela; the draftsmanship is good and the hieroglyphs are
neat and well carved.

Description
A rectangular round-topped3 stela made of painted limestone. It measures 65cm in
height and 45cm in width. It is divided into two registers: the upper comprises the text,
while the lower one is occupied by a scene. The hieroglyphs are carved in sunk relief,
whereas the scene is in high relief. The stela is in a good state of preservation; the surface
was carefully cut, prepared and is smooth. There are only a few scratches and chippings on
the edges. The design was well-conceived and executed, and there is a contrast between the
raised relief of the scene and the sunk relief of the hieroglyphs. It is obvious that the stela
was originally colored since there are still traces of red and black pigments preserved (Pl. I).

Texts
The stela comprises two texts separated by a horizontal incised line. The lunette which is
formed by the round top of the stela is occupied by the first text. It includes two hieroglyphic
texts facing each other in four vertical columns.

Left text
im“≈y ≈r Wpw“wt nb t“ ƒsr imy-r“ pr Ìsb iÌw Inj-jtjf
'The venerated by Wepwawat, lord of the sacred land, the steward4 of reckoning cattle,5
Intef'.6

* Department of Archaeology and Civilization, Faculty of Arts-
Helwan University.
1 The stela also bore the inventory number JE 11902.
2 A. Mariette, Catalogue Général des monuments d’Abydos
découverts pendant les fouilles de cette ville (Paris, 1880), no. 590,
601.
3 Round-topped stelae were first attested from the First Dynasty
in royal tombs only, but it is not until the Eleventh Dynasty that
we encountered them for private individuals They were the most
commonly used type starting from the Middle Kingdom onwards. R.
Hölzl, 'Round-Topped Stelae from the Middle Kingdom to the Late
Period. Some Remarks on the Decoration of the Lunettes', in Atti del
VI Congresso Internazionale di Egittologia. I (Torino, 1992), 285. The
rounded tops of private stelae represent the daily course of the sun,
W. Westendorf, Altägyptische Darstellungen des Sonnenlaufes auf
der abschüssigen Himmelsbahn, MÄS 10 (1966), 74f.
4 The title imy-r“ pr 'steward' was known from the Fourth Dynasty:
W. Grajetzki, Court officials of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom (London,
2009), 69.
5 W.A. Ward, Index of Egyptian Administrative and Religious
Titles of the Middle Kingdom (Beirut, 1982), 25 no.160. The title was
translated by Quirke 'estate overseer, accountant of livestock': S.
Quirke, The Titles and Bureaux of Egypt 1850-1700 (London, 2004),
62. It is worth noting here that the word Ω — Ìsb was written in the
typical abbreviated form of the Middle Kingdom: Wb III, 166.
6 Ranke, PN I, 34-1.

139
L. M. Azzam

Right text
im“≈y ≈r Inpw tp ƒw.f nb t“ ƒsr imy-r“ pr Ìsb iÌw Inj-jtjf
'The venerated by Anubis, he who is upon his mountain, lord of the sacred land,7 the
steward of reckoning cattle,8 Intef'.

The lunette in a round-topped stela is usually decorated with two crouching jackals
facing each other,9 but what we have here is quite different: the two jackals were replaced
by a text that gives their designation and titles.10
The second text occupies the upper part of the stela's rectangular body.11 It consists of
two horizontal lines of deeply cut hieroglyphs oriented from right to left between incised
border lines. It reads as follows:
Ìtp di nsw Wsir ≈nty imnty nÚr ©“ nb “bƒw prt-≈rw t ÌnÈt k“w “pdw ‡s mn≈t snÚr mrÌt n k“
n imy-r“ pr Ìsb iÌw Inj-jtjf m“©-≈rw
'An offering that the king gives (to) Osiris,12 foremost of the westerners, the great god,13
Lord of Abydos, an invocation offering (of) bread, beer, oxen and fowl, alabaster and cloth,
and incense and oil14 for the spirit of the Steward of Reckoning cattle, Intef Justified'.15

Scene
The lower part of the stela's rectangular body is occupied by a scene carved within a
recessed area that is well defined.
The scene shows Intef seated facing right before an offering table; he wears a shoulder-
length wig that leaves the ear uncovered, a broad collar, and a knee-length kilt with a belt.
His right arm is extended towards the offering table before him, while the other is folded
on his chest, clutching a folded piece of cloth. Intef is seated on a low-back chair with
a cushion and lion legs set on truncated cone supports. The offering table before him is
laden with different kinds of offerings. From top to bottom and from left to right there are:
melon?, ribs,16 gourd,17 a mat with figs,18 gourd, a plucked bird, a bundle of spring onions

7 The combination of Anubis epithets mentioned above is the most
frequently used on Middle Kingdom stelae from Abydos see: J. Spiegel,
Die Götter von Abydos. Studien zum ägyptischen Synkretismus
(Wiesbaden, 1973), 42, 171.
8 Schenkel stated in his Middle Kingdom study that the book roll sign
æ which depicts a papyrus scroll sealed with a lump of mud was used
from the Old Kingdom through the end of the Eleventh Dynasty, whereas
starting from the Twelfth Dynasty the sign acquired one or two ties: W.
Schenkel, Frühmittelägyptische Studien (Bonn, 1962), § 2. Contrary to the
aforementioned assumption the book roll sign depicted on the stela under
discussion which dates back to the late Twelfth Dynasty is represented in
the old sign form that was used before the Twelfth Dynasty. This applies
also to the unguent jar used as a determinative for the word mrÌt. See:
D. Spanel, 'Paleographic and Epigraphic Distinctions between Texts of
the So-called First Intermediate Period and the Early Twelfth Dynasty', in
Studies Simpson II (1996), 770 footnote 18.
9 Hölzl mentioned in her study on round-topped stelae that the great
majority of stela with jackal deities in the Lunette come from Abydos.
Therefore jackals were considered to be the typical decorative pattern
for round topped stelae of the aforementioned site: Hölzl, Atti del VI
Congresso Internazionale di Egittologia I, 288.
10 For similar examples see: CGC 20748. According to Franke the
aforementioned stela could be dated back to late Twelfth or early
Thirteenth Dynasties. D. Franke, Personendaten aus dem Mittleren
Reich, ÄA 41 (1984), Nr. 353, Nr. 721.
11 During the Middle Kingdom the upper portion of the rectangular
part of round topped stelae are usually covered with horizontal lines of
inscription while the lower part shows decorative scenes: Hölzl, Atti del
VI Congresso Internazionale di Egittologia I, 285.
12 Hölzl, stated in her study that the god Osiris usually comes in the
Ìtp di nsw formula on the stelae of Anubis and of Wepwawat: Hölzl,
Die Giebelfelddekoration von Stelen des Mittleren Reichs, Beiträge zur
Ägyptologie, 10 (1990), 88f.
13 It is worth noting that the writing of the ©“ sign horizontally was first
attested from the Eleventh Dynasty: Schenkel, Frühmittelägyptische
Studien, 30c; for similar examples see: H. Selim, 'Three Identical
Stelae the end of the Twelfth or Thirteenth Dynasty', SAK 29 (2001),
325.
14 The incense and oil were added to the Ìtp-di-nsw offerings
during the Twelfth Dynasty: W. Barta, Aufbau und Bedeutung der
Altägyptischen Opferformel, ÄgFo 24 (1968), 57; C.J.C. Bennett,
'Growth of the Ìtp-di-nsw formula in the Middle Kingdom', JEA 27
(1941), 79.
15 The epithet m“© ≈rw was first used with reference to private
individuals during the late First Intermediate Period. For m“© ≈rw see:
D. Doxey, Egyptian Non-Royal Epithets in the Middle Kingdom (Brill,
1998), 92.
16 S. Ikram, Choice Cuts: Meat Production in Ancient Egypt, OLA
69 (1995), 127.
17 What we have here is probably the Cucumis melon See: L.
Keimer, Gartenpflanzen im Alten Ägypten (Hildesheim, 1967), 14ff; R.
Germer, Flora des pharaonischen Ägypten, SDAIK 14 (1985), 128ff;
D.J. Brewer and D. Redord, Domestic Plants and Animals (London,
1994), 65f.
18 Evidence for the use of figs as offering comes from the offering
lists of the Third Dynasty: W. Barta, Die Altägyptische Opferliste von
der Frühzeit bis zur griechisch-römischen Epoche, MÄS 3 (1963), 26.
For figs in general see: Germer, Flora des Pharaonischen Ägypten,
24ff; Brewer and Redord, Domestic Plants and Animals, 51ff; R.
Germer, Handbuch der Altägyptischen Heilpflanzen (Wiesbaden,
2008), 160ff; 263f.

140 ASAE 86
 Stela of Intef

or leeks, two different kinds of melon,19 a round and three conical loaves of bread,20 and a
thigh of an ox.
Beneath the offering table there are a ewer placed on a stand, two ovoid jars with conical
stoppers supported on low stand (a), and an elegant vessel with a domed stopper and two
spouts, placed on a low stand (b) (Fig. 1).
The deceased figure was once painted reddish brown as were the two ovoid jars, the
conical loaves of bread, and the meat. There are also traces of black pigment on the jar
stoppers.

Comments
a) Ovoid jars were used for beer and wine. Two similar jars but without stoppers are
carved on the offering table of Princess Neferw Ptah;21 the first bears the inscription
i©b n irp 'bowl of wine',22 and the second ƒwi ÌnÈt 'jar of beer'.23
b) Vessels with two spouts were known starting from the Sixth Dynasty,24 and continued
to be used in the Middle Kingdom though rarely.25 The function of those vessels is
unknown. Lacau26 and Von Bissing27 believed that they were flower vases, as those
vessels were represented sometimes with lotus flowers coming out from each spout.28
This assumption could be rejected since they were represented either with flowers or
without.29 Balcz30 stated that since those vessels were usually sealed with stoppers,
they could be used not only as flower vases, but also as beverage containers. I agree
with Balcz's assumption that those vessels were liquid containers since they were
represented occasionally adorned with zigzag lines that represent the water sign in the
ancient Egyptian language D.31 I believe that those vessels were used as containers
for valuable liquids. From the study of several depictions of the two spouted vessels,
it is obvious that they occurred with either one spout narrower and shorter than the
other,32 (Fig. 2 A-B), or with one spout straight while the other is curved a little bit.33
(Fig. 1 and 2 C-D). Therefore one may assume that those vessels were used for the
preservation of viscous liquids and that they were provided with two spouts so that
one of them was to allow the air to pass through so that the viscous liquid could
come easily through the other spout. This assumption could be clearly shown by the
depicted scene on the false door of Idu Tomb at Giza,34 where on the left false door
jamb, there are seven registers depicting different types of vessels, the fifth of which

19 Keimer, Gartenpflanzen im Alten Ägypten, 16, 171, nos 13, 14, 18.
20 The conical shaped bread loaves were believed to be first attested
from the Middle Kingdom see: M. Währen, Brot und Gebäck im Leben
und Glauben der alten Ägypter (Bern, 1961), 2; according to the
offering table of princess Neferw Ptah CG 23013 the bread depicted
here could be either called ‡©t or ‡ns: A. Kamal, Tables d'offrande I
(Le Caire, 1909), 10ff; Ikram, Choice Cuts: Meat Production in Ancient
Egypt, fig. 27.
21 N. Farag and Z. Iskander, The Discovery of Neferwptah (Cairo,
1971), 7ff, pl. VIII, B; Kamal, Tables d’offrande I, 12; Ikram, Choice
Cuts, fig. 27.
22 Wb I, 40-9.
23 The word :æ± ƒwiw was written :∆ ƒwi starting from the
Middle Kingdom: Wb V, 551-7.
24 For example see: Y. Harpur and Scremin, The chapel of Kagemni
(Oxford, 2006), fig. 23; 27, 31; W.K. Simpson, The Mastabas of Qar
and Idu (Boston, 1976), figs 39, 40, 41 ;Tomb of Ppj ©n≈ at Meir: A.
Blackman, The Rock Tombs of Meir V (London, 1914), pl. 34; For
the burial chambers of Remni, Mereruka, Inmin, and Shy at Saqqara
see: N. Kanawati and S. Winlaw, Decorated burial chambers of the
Old Kingdom (Cairo, 2010), figs 19; 66, 89, 123; for burial chamber
of Hewetiaah at Meir see: Kanawati and Winlaw, Decorated burial
chambers of the Old Kingdom, fig. 116.
25 For example see: CG 20141.
26 P. Lacau, 'Sur quelques représentations de vases égyptiens',
RecTrav. 25 (1903), 180.
27 F.W. Von Bissing, 'Pots à fleurs égyptiens', RecTrav 25 (1903),
181.
28 Lacau, RecTrav 25, figs 1, 2, 4, 9.
29 For example see: Harpur, Scremin, The chapel of Kagemni, fig.
31; Simpson, The Mastabas of Qar and Idu, fig. 41; False door of Înw
CGC 1411, date Sixth Dynasty or later: L. Borchardt, Denkmäler des
Alten Reiches (ausser den Statuen) im Museum zu Kairo Nr. 1295-
1808, Vol. I (Cairo, 1937), 76; Burial chamber of D‡rj, CGC 1572. First
Intermediate Period: L. Borchardt, Denkmäler des Alten Reiches, Vol.
II (Cairo, 1964), 46, pl. 73 D.
30 H. Balcz, 'Die Gefässdarstellungen des Alten Reiches', MDAIK 5
(1934), 69; Abb. 98.
31 Lacau, RecTrav 25, figs 1, 2, 4.
32 For example see: Harpur, Scremin, The Chapel of Kagemni,
fig. 23 (lower register); N. de G. Davies, The Rock Tombs of Deir el
Gebrâwi I (London, 1902), pl. IX; Kanawati and Winlaw, Decorated
burial chambers of the Old Kingdom, fig. 89; cf. CGC 20141.
33 For example see: Simpson, The Mastabas of Qar and Idu, fig. 40;
Davies, The Rock Tombs of Deir el Gebrâwi I, pl. XIX.
34 Simpson, The Mastabas of Qar and Idu, fig. 40.

2012/2013 141
L. M. Azzam

is occupied by three vessels, and the middle one is a sealed vessel with two spouts.
µ µ
Above it was written vÉ tw“wt, which refers to one of the seven sacred oils of
ancient Egypt.35 So it is obvious that the vessel with two spouts depicted here was
used for the preservation of the tw“wt oil, and since oil is a viscous liquid,36 therefore
the two-spouted vessel was used.
Before we end our discussion on the two-spouted vessels, we should refer to the
function of the lotuses that were depicted occasionally decorating the twin spouts of the
aforementioned vessels. I think that they were either among the components from which
the liquid preserved in it was made,37 or they were represented to give a means of freshness
or simply as some sort of decoration.

Dating
Close inspection of the stela reveals that it could be dated back to the late Twelfth Dynasty.
Offering formula: Various elements of the offering formula help determine the date of the
stela back to the late Twelfth Dynasty:
1- The writing of the Ìtp di nsw à ï
º dates the stela to a period prior to the Fourteenth
Dynasty since the above arrangement was regularly used during the period that
38

extended from the Eleventh to the Thirteenth Dynasty.39

2- The occurrence of Osiris' name without a determinative indicates a late Middle
Kingdom date.40
3- The absence of the determinative K in the epithet ≈nty imnty was common starting
from the reign of King Amenemhat III and later.41
4- The combination of the epithets of Osiris ≈nty imnty nÚr nb “bƒw indicates a late
Twelfth Dynasty date.42
5- N k“ n was the commonly used phrase to introduce the recipient of the offering formula
starting from the reign of King Senwosret III,43 although the n k“ n was rarely used in
tomb reliefs during the Old Kingdom.44 Franke stated that the phrase n k“ n was rarely
used on stelae starting from the late decade of the reign of King Senwosret I.45
In addition to the above mentioned, by applying the 'Bennett-Satzinger' dating system
for the Middle Kingdom Abydos stelae, it proves that our stela could be dated back to the
late Twelfth Dynasty.46
Style: The style of the stela also confirms a late Twelfth Dynasty date; according to Hölzl
the round-topped stelae that show a flatter curve which is clearly separated from the
rectangular part of the stela by means of distinctive corners at the transition of both
parts occurred frequently during the Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties, while stelae
with no sharp separation between the lunette and the rectangular part of the stela

35 For the seven Sacred Oils in general see: S. Tawfik, 'Die
Alabasterpaletten für die sieben Salböle im Alten Reich', GM 30
(1978), 77ff.
36 From the study of tw“t determinatives it is clear that it could be used
either in the form of unguent or liquid S. Hassan, Excavations at Gîza.
The Offering-List in the Old Kingdom VI/II (Cairo, 1948), 251.
37 According to Jequier the tw“t was made of some sort of oil and
vegetable substance: G. Jéquier, Les frises d'objets des sarcophages
du Moyen Empire, MIFAO 47 (1921), 148.
38 P.C. Smither, 'The writing of Ìtp-di-nsw in the Middle and New
Kingdoms', JEA 25 (1939), 34.
39 Barta, Altägyptischen Opferformel, 43, 53, 72.
40 Bennett, JEA 27, 78; Bennett, 'Motifs and phrases on funerary
stelae of the later Middle Kingdom', JEA 44 (1958), 121; for similar
examples see: J. Leprohon, 'A Late Middle Kingdom Stela in a Private
Collection', in Studies Simpson II (1996), 528 (check page number
once more); Boston 72, 766: J. Leprohon, Stelae I. The Early Dynastic
Period to the Late Middle Kingdom (Mainz/Rhein, 1985), 4; Boston 28-
11-357: Leprohon, Stelae I. 149; Boston 1970.630: Leprohon, Stelae
I, 163; M. Atallah, 'Eine Stele dem Mittleren Reich in Ägyptischen
Museum Kairo', in Studies in honor of Ali Radwan, CASAE 34/I, 157ff.
41 Bennett, JEA 27, 78.
42 Spiegel, Die Götter von Abydos, 31.
43 Bennett, JEA 27, 78.
44 G. Lapp, Die Opferformel des Alten Reiches, Sonderschrift.
Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Abteilung Kairo, 21. (1986), § 355.
45 D. Franke, 'The Middle Kingdom offering Formulas', JEA 89
(2003), 54.
46 H. Satzinger, 'Beobachtungen zur Opferformel: Theorie und
Praxis', LingAeg 5 (1997), 184ff.

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 Stela of Intef

were typical for the early Twelfth Dynasty.47 The shape of the offering table48 and the
use of a mat carrying offerings above it were commonly seen during the late Middle
Kingdom.49
Title: The title imy-r“ pr Ìsb iÌw 'Steward of Reckoning cattle' is a common late Middle
Kingdom title.50 This is clear from the study of Berlev where he compared the early
Middle Kingdom title imy-r“ pr with the late Middle Kingdom one imy-r“ pr Ìsb in
general.51
Personal data: According to Franke,52 the stela under discussion and that of Intef of the
BM no. 582,53 belong to the same person (Pl. 2). Unfortunately Intef of the Cairo
Museum is given no affiliation to support definite identification with Intef of the
British Museum. Despite that, I totally agree with Franke, since the personal features,
the style of sculpture, and the paleography (Fig. 3) are similar. Also both stelae date
back to the late Middle Kingdom. In addition, both persons bear the same name and
title.
In this case Intef is the son of Lady ËÌt, the husband of S“t Imn, and the father of
Imnjj, S“t ÎtÌr, Nfrw Imn, and ©“.
All the above mentioned facts indicate that the stela of Intef dates back to the late Twelfth
Dynasty.

47 Hölzl, Atti del VI Congresso Internazionale di Egittologia. I (Torino,
1992), 285.
48 For similar offering tables see: Stela of ⁄w Sbk BM no. 1213, reign
of King Amenemhat III: W. K. Simpson, The Terrace of the Great God
at Abydos: The Offering Chapels of Dynasties 12 and 13, Publications
of the Pennsylvania-Yale Expedition to Egypt 5 (1974), pl. 31, ANOC.
69.2; Stela of Ni-PtÌ-Skr ppi Hermitage Museum no. 1074. Late Twelfth
mid Thirteenth Dynasties: A.O. Bolshakov and S. Quirke, The Middle
Kingdom Stelae in the Hermitage (Paris, 1999), 33, pl. 5; Stela of Imn m
Ì“t Hermitage Museum no. 1062. Thirteenth Dynasty: Bolshakov and
Quirke, The Middle Kingdom Stelae, 58, pl. 12; Stela of ·dw-InÌr, CGC
20679 Late Twelfth early Thirteenth Dynasties: Simpson, The Terrace
of the Great God at Abydos, pl. 24, ANOC.15.2.
49 R.J. Leprohon, 'The Late Middle Kingdom Stela of the Local
Soldier Sobekemhat', JSSEA 17/ 3 (1987), 81. For similar examples
see: Stela of In Ìr n≈t, BM no. 559. reign of Senwosret III: HTBM, II,
pl. XVII; Franke, Personendaten aus dem Mittleren Reich, Nr. 151;
Stela of Iy-Ìr-nfr Berlin 1204. Reign of Senwosret III/Amenemhat III:
Simpson, The Terrace of the Great God at Abydos, pl. 1, ANOC.1; Stela
of IÈr wr, BM no. 131 dated back to the Thirteenth Dynasty: HTBM,
I, pl. LVI; Franke, Personendaten aus dem Mittleren Reich, Nr. 157;
Stela of Imnii Queen collage Oxford no. 1111, late Twelfth Dynasty:
P.C. Smither and N. Dakin, 'Stelae in the Queen's college, Oxford'
JEA 25 (1939) 159f, pl. XX. 2; CGC 20075, 20309 dated by Franke
to late Twelfth or early Thirteenth Dynasties: Franke, Personendaten
aus dem Mittleren Reich, Nr. 21, Nr. 45. Stela of S“-Ìj, Hermitage
Museum no. 1086. Late Twelfth mid Thirteenth Dynasties: Bolshakov
and Quirke, The Middle Kingdom Stelae, 42, pl. 8; stela of Sbk-m-Ì¢t
, Hermitage Museum no. 1067. Thirteenth Dynasty: Bolshakov and
Quirke, The Middle Kingdom Stelae, 89, pl.19.
50 S. Quirke, 'The Regular Titles of the Late Middle Kingdom', RdE
37 (1986), 111.
51 S. Quirke, 'Art and the Artist in late Middle Kingdom administration',
in Discovering Egypt from the Neva: the Egyptological legacy of Oleg
D. Berlev (Berlin, 2003), 89.
52 Franke, Personendaten aus dem Mittleren Reich, Nr. 144.
53 HTBM, III. pl. 22. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_
the_collection_database/search AN00676223_001_l[1].

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Fig. 1. Stela of Intef.

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 Stela of Intef

B C D

Fig. 2. Various shapes of the two spouted vessels.

A= Chapel of Kagemni B= Tomb of Inumin C= Tomb of Qar D= Chapel of Kagemni

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L. M. Azzam

Cairo Museum Tr.3.7.24.14 BM. 582

Fig. 3. Palaeography of the Cairo Stela Tr. 3.7.24.14 & BM 582.

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 Stela of Intef

PL. I

Stela of Intef

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L. M. Azzam

PL. II

Stela of Intef BM 582

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